Moland is a former municipality in the old

Aust-Agder Aust-Agder (, ) was a county (''fylke'') in Norway from 1 January 1919 to 31 December 2019, after it was merged with Vest-Agder to form Agder county. In 2002, there were 102,945 inhabitants, which was 2.2% of Norway's population. Its area was . ...

county A county () is a geographic region of a country used for administrative or other purposesL. Brookes (ed.) '' Chambers Dictionary''. Edinburgh: Chambers Harrap Publishers Ltd, 2005. in some nations. The term is derived from the Old French denoti ...

Norway Norway, officially the Kingdom of Norway, is a Nordic countries, Nordic country located on the Scandinavian Peninsula in Northern Europe. The remote Arctic island of Jan Mayen and the archipelago of Svalbard also form part of the Kingdom of ...

. The municipality existed from 1962 until 1992 when it was merged into the present-day municipality of

Arendal Arendal () is a List of municipalities of Norway, municipality in Agder counties of Norway, county in southeastern Norway. Arendal belongs to the Districts of Norway, region of Southern Norway, Sørlandet. The administrative centre of the munici ...

which is located in what is now

Agder Agder is a counties of Norway, county () and districts of Norway, traditional region in the southern part of Norway and is coextensive with the Southern Norway region. The county was established on 1 January 2020, when the old Vest-Agder and Au ...

county. The

administrative centre An administrative centre is a seat of regional administration or local government, or a county town, or the place where the central administration of a commune, is located. In countries with French as the administrative language, such as Belgi ...

of the municipality was the village of

Eydehavn Eydehavn or Eydehamn is a village in the municipality of Arendal in Agder county, Norway. The village is located about northeast of the centre of the town of Arendal, about northeast of the village of Saltrød, about south of the village of ...

which had a population of 6,011 in 1967 and 8,148 in 1992. Other villages in the municipality included

Kilsund Kilsund is a village in Arendal municipality in Agder county, Norway. The village is located on the island of Tverrdalsøya, although the village has grown over the bridge onto the nearby island of Flostaøya a short distance to the south. The vil ...

Narestø Narestø is a village in Arendal municipality in Agder county, Norway. The village is located on the southern shore of the island of Flostaøya, just south of the historic Flosta Church Flosta Church () is a parish church of the Church of Norway ...

Saltrød Saltrød is a village in Arendal municipality in Agder county, Norway. The village is located along the Norwegian County Road 410, about northeast of the town of Arendal and about southwest of the village of Eydehavn. The village lies along th ...

Brekka Brekka is a village in Arendal municipality in Agder county, Norway. The village is located along the European route E18 European route E18 runs between Craigavon, County Armagh, Craigavon in Northern Ireland and Saint Petersburg in Russia, p ...

Strengereid Strengereid is a village in the municipality of Arendal in Agder county, Norway. It is located along the Norwegian County Road 410, about northeast of the village of Eydehavn and just west of the island of Flostaøya. The village of Sagene lies ...

Vatnebu Vatnebu is a village in Arendal municipality in Agder county, Norway. The village is located on the mainland near the Skaggerak coast, about southwest of the village of Kilsund on the nearby island of Tverrdalsøya and about northeast of the vi ...

, and

Sagene Sagene is a List of boroughs of Oslo, borough of the city of Oslo, Norway. The area became part of the city of Oslo (then Oslo, Christiania) in 1859. The name Sagene itself is the plural of the Norwegian language, Norwegian word for "saw", reflec ...

. The municipality consisted of the mainland area to the north and northeast of the town of Arendal plus the islands of

Flostaøya Flostaøya is an island in Arendal municipality in Agder county, Norway. The island lies along the Skaggerak coast between the islands of Tromøy (island), Tromøy to the southwest and Tverrdalsøya to the northeast. The island lies about nort ...

and

Tverrdalsøya Tverrdalsøya is an island in Arendal municipality in Agder county, Norway. The island lies between the Oksefjorden, Eikelandsfjorden, and Kilsundet straits just off the mainland coast at the entrance to the Tvedestrandsfjorden which leads nor ...

History

During the 1960s, there were many municipal mergers across Norway due to the work of the

Schei Committee The Schei Committee () was a committee named by the Government of Norway to look into the organization of municipalities in Norway post-World War II World War II or the Second World War (1 September 1939 – 2 September 1945) was a ...

. The municipality of Moland was created on 1 January 1962 when a merger took place between the municipalities of

Stokken Stokken is a List of former municipalities of Norway, former municipality in the old Aust-Agder Counties of Norway, county in Norway. The municipality existed from 1919 until 1962 when it was merged into the newly created Moland municipality. T ...

(population: 2,783),

Austre Moland Austre Moland (historic: ''Østre Moland'') is a former municipality in the old Aust-Agder county in Norway. The roughly municipality existed from 1838 until 1962 when it was merged with several neighboring municipalities to form the new munic ...

(population: 1,607), and

Flosta Flosta is a List of former municipalities of Norway, former municipality in the old Aust-Agder Counties of Norway, county in Norway. The municipality existed from 1902 until its dissolution in 1962. It is currently part of the municipality of Ar ...

(population: 1,205) as well as

area (population: 375) of the municipality of

Tvedestrand is List of municipalities of Norway, municipality in Agder counties of Norway, county, Norway. It is located in the Districts of Norway, traditional district of Southern Norway, Sørlandet. The administrative center is the Tvedestrand (town), t ...

. On 1 January 1964, the Holte farm (population: 5) in Moland was transferred to Tvedestrand. On 1 January 1992, another major municipality merger took place in this area. The municipalities of Moland (population: 8,148),

Øyestad Øyestad is a List of former municipalities of Norway, former municipality in the old Aust-Agder Counties of Norway, county in Norway. The municipality existed from 1838 until 1992, when it was merged into the present-day municipality of Arenda ...

(population: 8,679),

Tromøy Tromøy (historic: ''Tromø'') is a former municipality in the old Aust-Agder county in Norway. The municipality existed from 1878 until its dissolution in 1992. The municipal area is now part of the municipality of Arendal in Agder county. Th ...

(population: 4,711), and

Hisøy Hisøy (historically: ''Hisø'') is a former municipality in the old Aust-Agder county in Norway. The municipality existed from 1881 until 1992 when it was merged into the municipality of Arendal in what is now Agder county. At the time of i ...

(population: 4,026) were merged with the town of Arendal (population: 12,478) to form the new, much larger, municipality of

with a population of nearly 40,000 people.

Name

The municipality (originally the

parish A parish is a territorial entity in many Christianity, Christian denominations, constituting a division within a diocese. A parish is under the pastoral care and clerical jurisdiction of a priest#Christianity, priest, often termed a parish pries ...

) is named after the old ''Moland'' farm (). The first element of the name is derived from the

river A river is a natural stream of fresh water that flows on land or inside Subterranean river, caves towards another body of water at a lower elevation, such as an ocean, lake, or another river. A river may run dry before reaching the end of ...

. The river name comes from the Old Norse word which means "brave" or "courageous". The last element is which means "land" or "district". The predecessor municipality of

had the prefix (which means "eastern") which was added to differentiate the place from

Vestre Moland Vestre Moland is a former municipality in the old Aust-Agder county in Norway. The administrative centre of the municipality was the village of Møglestu where the Vestre Moland Church is located. The municipality existed from 1838 until 19 ...

which was located a little further south along the coast of Norway, but since that municipality was dissolved, the prefix here was no longer needed.

Coat of arms

The

coat of arms A coat of arms is a heraldry, heraldic communication design, visual design on an escutcheon (heraldry), escutcheon (i.e., shield), surcoat, or tabard (the last two being outer garments), originating in Europe. The coat of arms on an escutcheon f ...

was granted on 7 January 1983. The official

blazon In heraldry and heraldic vexillology, a blazon is a formal description of a coat of arms, flag or similar emblem, from which the reader can reconstruct an accurate image. The verb ''to blazon'' means to create such a description. The visual d ...

is ''"

Azure Azure may refer to: Color * Azure (color), a hue of blue ** Azure (heraldry) ** Shades of azure, shades and variations Arts and media * ''Azure'' (Art Farmer and Fritz Pauer album), 1987 * Azure (Gary Peacock and Marilyn Crispell album), 2013 * ...

, a double chevron

argent In heraldry, argent () is the tincture of silver, and belongs to the class of light tinctures called "metals". It is very frequently depicted as white and usually considered interchangeable with it. In engravings and line drawings, regions to b ...

"'' (). This means the arms have a blue

field Field may refer to: Expanses of open ground * Field (agriculture), an area of land used for agricultural purposes * Airfield, an aerodrome that lacks the infrastructure of an airport * Battlefield * Lawn, an area of mowed grass * Meadow, a grass ...

(background) and the

charge Charge or charged may refer to: Arts, entertainment, and media Films * ''Charge, Zero Emissions/Maximum Speed'', a 2011 documentary Music * ''Charge'' (David Ford album) * ''Charge'' (Machel Montano album) * '' Charge!!'', an album by The Aqu ...

is a double

chevron Chevron (often relating to V-shaped patterns) may refer to: Science and technology * Chevron (aerospace), sawtooth patterns on some jet engines * Chevron (anatomy), a bone * '' Eulithis testata'', a moth * Chevron (geology), a fold in rock la ...

that looks like the letter "M". The double chevron has a

tincture A tincture is typically an extract of plant or animal material dissolved in ethanol (ethyl alcohol). Solvent concentrations of 25–60% are common, but may run as high as 90%.Groot Handboek Geneeskrachtige Planten by Geert Verhelst In chemistr ...

which means it is commonly colored white, but if it is made out of metal, then silver is used. The blue color in the field symbolizes the importance of the sea for this municipality which had a long and rugged coastline. The double chevron design was chosen since it looks like the letter "M", the initial letter in the name of the municipality. The three points in the "M" also refer to the three areas that formed Moland municipality:

, and

. The arms were designed by Oddvar André Enggav.

Government

While it existed, this municipality was responsible for

primary education Primary education is the first stage of Education, formal education, coming after preschool/kindergarten and before secondary education. Primary education takes place in ''primary schools'', ''elementary schools'', or first schools and middle s ...

(through 10th grade), outpatient

health services Health care, or healthcare, is the improvement or maintenance of health via the preventive healthcare, prevention, diagnosis, therapy, treatment, wikt:amelioration, amelioration or cure of disease, illness, injury, and other disability, physic ...

senior citizen Old age is the range of ages for people nearing and surpassing life expectancy. People who are of old age are also referred to as: old people, elderly, elders, senior citizens, seniors or older adults. Old age is not a definite biological sta ...

services,

unemployment Unemployment, according to the OECD (Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development), is the proportion of people above a specified age (usually 15) not being in paid employment or self-employment but currently available for work du ...

social services Social services are a range of public services intended to provide support and assistance towards particular groups, which commonly include the disadvantaged. Also available amachine-converted HTML They may be provided by individuals, private and i ...

zoning In urban planning, zoning is a method in which a municipality or other tier of government divides land into land-use "zones", each of which has a set of regulations for new development that differs from other zones. Zones may be defined for ...

economic development In economics, economic development (or economic and social development) is the process by which the economic well-being and quality of life of a nation, region, local community, or an individual are improved according to targeted goals and object ...

, and municipal

road A road is a thoroughfare used primarily for movement of traffic. Roads differ from streets, whose primary use is local access. They also differ from stroads, which combine the features of streets and roads. Most modern roads are paved. Th ...

s. During its existence, this municipality was governed by a

municipal council A municipal council is the legislative body of a municipality or local government area. Depending on the location and classification of the municipality it may be known as a city council, town council, town board, community council, borough cou ...

of directly elected representatives. The

mayor In many countries, a mayor is the highest-ranking official in a Municipal corporation, municipal government such as that of a city or a town. Worldwide, there is a wide variance in local laws and customs regarding the powers and responsibilitie ...

was

indirectly elected An indirect election or ''hierarchical voting,'' is an election in which voters do not choose directly among candidates or parties for an office ( direct voting system), but elect people who in turn choose candidates or parties. It is one of the o ...

by a vote of the municipal council.

Municipal council

The

of Moland was made up of representatives that were elected to four-year terms. The tables below show the historical composition of the council by political

party A party is a gathering of people who have been invited by a Hospitality, host for the purposes of socializing, conversation, recreation, or as part of a festival or other commemoration or celebration of a special occasion. A party will oft ...

Mayors

The

mayors In many countries, a mayor is the highest-ranking official in a Municipal corporation, municipal government such as that of a city or a town. Worldwide, there is a wide variance in local laws and customs regarding the powers and responsibilitie ...

() of Moland: *1962-1971: Thor Lund ( Ap) *1971-1979: Ingar Olsen ( Ap) *1979-1981: Tore A. Liltved ( H) *1981-1983: Leif B. Svendsen ( KrF) *1983-1989: Thor Lund ( Ap) *1989-1992: Sigurd Ledaal ( H)

Notable people

* Tore A. Liltved, a local

politician A politician is a person who participates in Public policy, policy-making processes, usually holding an elective position in government. Politicians represent the people, make decisions, and influence the formulation of public policy. The roles ...

* Thor Lund, a local

and mechanic

References

External links

* {{Use dmy dates, date=June 2021 1962 establishments in Norway 1992 disestablishments in Norway Arendal Former municipalities of Norway Populated places disestablished in 1992 Populated places established in 1962