Module, modular and modularity may refer to the concept of

modularity Modularity is the degree to which a system's components may be separated and recombined, often with the benefit of flexibility and variety in use. The concept of modularity is used primarily to reduce complexity by breaking a system into varying ...

. They may also refer to:

Computer science and engineering

Modular design Modular design, or modularity in design, is a design principle that subdivides a system into smaller parts called ''modules'' (such as modular process skids), which can be independently created, modified, replaced, or exchanged with other modules ...

, the engineering discipline of designing complex devices using separately designed sub-components * Modular function deployment, a method in systems engineering and product development * Module, a measure of a gear's pitch * Ontology modularization, a methodological principle in ontology engineering

Computer software

Modular programming Modular programming is a software design technique that emphasizes separating the functionality of a program into independent, interchangeable modules, such that each contains everything necessary to execute only one aspect or "concern" of the d ...

, a software design technique *

Loadable kernel module A loadable kernel module (LKM) is an executable library that extends the capabilities of a running kernel, or so-called ''base kernel'', of an operating system. LKMs are typically used to add support for new hardware (as device drivers) and/or ...

, an object file that contains code to extend the running kernel * Environment Modules, a software tool designed to help users manage their Unix or Linux shell environment *

Modula-2 Modula-2 is a structured, procedural programming language developed between 1977 and 1985/8 by Niklaus Wirth at ETH Zurich. It was created as the language for the operating system and application software of the Lilith personal workstation. It w ...

Modula-3 Modula-3 is a programming language conceived as a successor to an upgraded version of Modula-2 known as Modula-2+. It has been influential in research circles (influencing the designs of languages such as Java, C#, Python and Nim), but it ha ...

, programming languages which stress the use of modules

Computer hardware

* Computer module, an early packaging technique that combined several electronic components to produce a single logic element *

Memory module In computing, a memory module or RAM stick is a printed circuit board on which Computer memory, memory integrated circuits are mounted. Memory modules permit easy installation and replacement in electronic systems, especially computers such as ...

, a physical "stick" of RAM, an essential piece of computer hardware *

Multi-chip module A multi-chip module (MCM) is generically an electronic assembly (such as a package with a number of conductor terminals or Lead (electronics), "pins") where multiple integrated circuits (ICs or "chips"), semiconductor Die (integrated circuit), d ...

, a modern technique that combines several complex computer chips into a single larger unit

Science and mathematics

Module (mathematics) In mathematics, a module is a generalization of the notion of vector space in which the field of scalars is replaced by a (not necessarily commutative) ring. The concept of a ''module'' also generalizes the notion of an abelian group, since ...

over a ring, a generalization of vector spaces * ''G''-module over a group ''G'', in mathematics * Modular lattice a kind of partially ordered set *

Modularity theorem In number theory, the modularity theorem states that elliptic curves over the field of rational numbers are related to modular forms in a particular way. Andrew Wiles and Richard Taylor proved the modularity theorem for semistable elliptic c ...

(formerly Taniyama–Shimura conjecture), a connection between elliptic curves and modular forms * Module, in connection with

modular decomposition In Graph (discrete mathematics), graph theory, the modular decomposition is a decomposition of a Graph (discrete mathematics), graph into subsets of Vertex (graph theory), vertices called modules. A ''module'' is a generalization of a Connected c ...

of a graph, a kind of generalisation of graph components *

Modularity (networks) Modularity is a measure of the structure of Complex network, networks or Graph (discrete mathematics), graphs which measures the strength of division of a network into modules (also called groups, clusters or communities). Networks with high mod ...

, a benefit function that measures the quality of a division of a Complex network into communities * Protein module or

protein domain In molecular biology, a protein domain is a region of a protein's Peptide, polypeptide chain that is self-stabilizing and that Protein folding, folds independently from the rest. Each domain forms a compact folded Protein tertiary structure, thre ...

, a section of a protein with its own distinct conformation, often conserved in evolution * A ''cis''-regulatory module, a stretch of DNA containing a number of genes that share joint regulation by the same transcription factors

Music

Module (musician) Module is the name under which Wellington-based New Zealand musician Jeramiah Ross has released his work since 2003. He composes and produces Downtempo Downtempo (or downbeat) is a broad label for electronic music that features an atmosphe ...

, the solo project of New Zealand-based musician/producer Jeramiah Ross *

Module file Module file (MOD music, tracker music) is a family of music file formats originating from the MOD file format on Amiga systems used in the late 1980s. Those who produce these files (using the software called music trackers) and listen to them ...

, a family of music file formats *

Modular Recordings Modular Recordings (known simply as Modular) was an Australian record label founded in 1998 by Steve Pavlovic that by 2015 was owned by Universal Music Australia. It has released music from local artists such as Eskimo Joe, Ben Lee, The Ava ...

, a record label *

Modular synthesizer Modular synthesizers are synthesizers composed of separate modules for different functions. The modules can be connected together by the user to create a patch. The outputs from the modules may include audio signals, analog control voltages, ...

, a type of electronic musical instrument *

Sound module A sound module is an electronic musical instrument without a human-playable interface such as a piano-style musical keyboard. Sound modules have to be operated using an externally connected device, which is often a MIDI controller, of which th ...

, electronic musical instrument without a human-playable interface

Other uses

Modular building A modular building is a prefabricated building that consists of repeated sections called modules. Modularity involves constructing sections away from the building site, then delivering them to the intended site. Installation of the prefabricate ...

: prefabricated building that consists of repeated sections called modules, used as house or other, some of them open source, in this case,

open source hardware Open-source hardware (OSH, OSHW) consists of physical artifacts of technology designed and offered by the open-design movement. Both free and open-source software (FOSS) and open-source hardware are created by this open-source culture movemen ...

. *

NTC Module NTC Module (Research Center "Module") is a Russian scientific technological center (R&D production enterprise), founded in 1990 by the two enterprises of Russian military–industrial complex: NPO Vympel and NII Radiopriborostroyeniye. Conduct ...

, a Russian research and development center *

ModulArt Modular art is art created by joining together standardized units ( modules) to form larger, more complex compositions. In some works the units can be subsequently moved, removed and added to – that is, ''modulated'' – to create a new work of ar ...

, a technique used in contemporary art where a large-structure painting is made up of multiple smaller modules. *

Ford Modular engine The Ford Modular engine is an overhead camshaft (OHC) V8 and V10 gasoline-powered small block engine family introduced by Ford Motor Company in 1990 for the 1991 model year. The term “modular” applied to the setup of tooling and casting ...