
(; ) is a Tibetan term that means "mirror", "looking glass". The is a symbol, divine attribute, and quality of the enlightened
mindstream
Mindstream (Pali: ''citta-santāna'', Sanskrit: ''citta-saṃtāna;'' Ch: ''xin xiangxu'' 心相續) in Buddhist philosophy is the moment-to-moment continuum of sense impressions and mental phenomena ( citta), which is also described as continui ...
or .
You should look in the mirror and see your being and how it seems to be. Just actually looking into your natural condition. Through that you start to see your Buddhaform in its entirety.
Meaning and significance
The mirror is an ancient symbol throughout
Indian religions
Indian religions, sometimes also termed Dharmic religions or Indic religions, are the religions that originated in the Indian subcontinent. These religions, which include Buddhism, Hinduism, Jainism, and Sikhism,Adams, C. J."Classification o ...
. In Tibetan iconography it may be understood as a symbol of emptiness () and pure () consciousness. The mirror is often depicted as an
accoutrement of the
hagiographical signification of fully-realised , , and . The mirror may be understood as a quality of the mindstream that denotes perceiving experience as it is without obscuration formed by .
Mahayana
The mirror is part of the iconography of
Akshobhya, one of the
Five Tathagatas, who is the embodiment of "
Mirror-like Awareness" (, which is "devoid of all dualistic thought and ever united with its 'content' as a mirror is with its reflections"; This type of wisdom is a transformation of the eighth consciousness, the
''Alayavijnana''.
Vajrayana
The mirror may be engaged in the advanced Tantric of the . As the mirror, so the mind. The mirror ''as'' the mind, following
Yogacara
Yogachara (, IAST: ') is an influential tradition of Buddhist philosophy and psychology emphasizing the study of cognition, perception, and consciousness through the interior lens of meditation, as well as philosophical reasoning (hetuvidyā). ...
, reflects quality and form, though it is not directly altered and is 'beyond all attributes and qualities' ().
In an essay accompanying the
curator
A curator (from , meaning 'to take care') is a manager or overseer. When working with cultural organizations, a curator is typically a "collections curator" or an "exhibitions curator", and has multifaceted tasks dependent on the particular ins ...
ial notes of an exhibition for the
xylograph on silk entitled ''Offerings to Mahakala'', which depicts an 'array of ritual offerings' to the
Mahakala
Mahākāla (, ) is a deity common to Hinduism and Buddhism.
In Buddhism, Mahākāla is regarded as a ''Dharmapala, Dharmapāla'' ("Protector of the Dharma") and a Wrathful deities, wrathful manifestation of a The Buddha, Buddha, while in Hindu ...
, Sawyer notes the importance of 'mirror' iconography to the :
Dzogchen
The mirror motif is pervasive throughout Buddhist literature and is important to traditions of
Dzogchen
Dzogchen ( 'Great Completion' or 'Great Perfection'), also known as ''atiyoga'' ( utmost yoga), is a tradition of teachings in Indo-Tibetan Buddhism and Bön aimed at discovering and continuing in the ultimate ground of existence. The goal ...
, representing the ''
ground'' or ''base''.
Namkhai Norbu (1938–2018) writes that the term ''base'' denotes "the fundamental ground of existence, both at the universal level and at the level of the individual, the two being essentially the same." This ''base'' is "uncreated, ever pure and, self-perfected, it is not something that has to be constructed," however it "remains hidden to the experience of every being affected by the illusion of dualism." Jean Luc-Achard defines the basis as "the actual, authentic abiding mode of the Mind." According to Achard, Dzogchen tantras define the basis as "Great Primordial Purity" (''ka dag chen po''). The ''Tantra of the Beautiful Auspiciousness'' (''bKra shis mdzes ldan gyi rgyud'') defines this as "the state abiding before authentic Buddhas arose and before impure sentient beings appeared."
Namkhai Norbu relates that the metaphor of the mirror reflects the trifold nature of the ''base:''
*The ''essence'', or 'fundamental voidness' of the ''base'', which cannot be changed, just as a mirror is not changed by the reflections it enfolds;
*The ''nature'' of the ''base'' is 'to manifest', just as a mirror must reflect whatever is before it, without judging the content;
*The ''energy'' of the ''base'', or ''dang'', refers to how the 'world around us' arises due to the delusion known as 'karmic vision'; just as a mirror faithfully reflects any content, ''dang'' "has the capacity to adopt any form".
A number of texts use the mirror motif in their title, such as ''
The Mirror of the Heart of Vajrasattva'' () which is one of the
Seventeen Tantras of the
Upadesha.
[Talbot (ed.) in .]
See also
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Dzogchen
Mirrors
Tibetan Buddhism
Tibetan words and phrases