''Melanotaenia'' is a

genus Genus (; : genera ) is a taxonomic rank above species and below family (taxonomy), family as used in the biological classification of extant taxon, living and fossil organisms as well as Virus classification#ICTV classification, viruses. In bino ...

rainbowfish Rainbowfishes are small, colourful freshwater fishes belonging to the Family (biology), family Melanotaeniidae, found in northern and eastern Australia, New Guinea (including islands in Cenderawasih Bay and Raja Ampat Islands in Indonesia), Sula ...

from

Australia Australia, officially the Commonwealth of Australia, is a country comprising mainland Australia, the mainland of the Australia (continent), Australian continent, the island of Tasmania and list of islands of Australia, numerous smaller isl ...

, Indonesia (West Papua),

New Guinea New Guinea (; Hiri Motu: ''Niu Gini''; , fossilized , also known as Papua or historically ) is the List of islands by area, world's second-largest island, with an area of . Located in Melanesia in the southwestern Pacific Ocean, the island is ...

, and nearby smaller

island An island or isle is a piece of land, distinct from a continent, completely surrounded by water. There are continental islands, which were formed by being split from a continent by plate tectonics, and oceanic islands, which have never been ...

Species

There are currently 89 recognized species in this genus: * ''

Melanotaenia affinis ''Melanotaenia affinis'', the North New Guinea rainbowfish, New Guinea rainbowfish, or red-finned rainbowfish, is a species of rainbowfish endemic to New Guinea (Western New Guinea and Papua New Guinea). It grows to standard length. Of the three ...

'' ( M. C. W. Weber, 1908) (New Guinea rainbowfish) * '' Melanotaenia ajamaruensis'' G. R. Allen & N. J. Cross, 1980 (Ajamaru rainbowfish) * ''

Melanotaenia albimarginata ''Melanotaenia'' is a genus of rainbowfish from Australia, Indonesia (West Papua), New Guinea, and nearby smaller islands. Species There are currently 89 recognized species in this genus: * '' Melanotaenia affinis'' ( M. C. W. Weber, 1908) (New ...

'' G. R. Allen, Hadiaty, Unmack &

Erdmann Erdmann is a first name and surname, and may refer to: Surname *Carl Erdmann (1898—1945), German historian *Eduard Erdmann (1896—1958), Baltic German pianist and composer * Hans Otto Erdmann (1896–1944), member of the German resistance *Hugo ...

, 2015 (White-tip rainbowfish) Allen, G.R., Hadiaty, R.K., Unmack, P.J. & Erdmann, M.V. (2015): Rainbowfishes (''Melanotaenia'': Melanotaeniidae) of the Aru Islands, Indonesia with descriptions of five new species and redescription of ''M. patoti'' Weber and ''M. senckenbergianus'' Weber. ''aqua, International Journal of Ichthyology, 21 (2): 66-108.'' * ''

Melanotaenia ammeri ''Melanotaenia'' is a genus of rainbowfish from Australia, Indonesia (West Papua), New Guinea, and nearby smaller islands. Species There are currently 89 recognized species in this genus: * '' Melanotaenia affinis'' ( M. C. W. Weber, 1908) (New ...

'' G. R. Allen, Unmack & Hadiaty, 2008 (Ammer's rainbowfish) * ''

Melanotaenia angfa The Yakati rainbowfish (''Melanotaenia angfa'') is a species of rainbowfish in the Melanotaeniinae subfamily. It is endemic to West Papua in Indonesia Indonesia, officially the Republic of Indonesia, is a country in Southeast Asia and Oc ...

'' G. R. Allen, 1990 (Yakati rainbowfish) * '' Melanotaenia arfakensis'' G. R. Allen, 1990 (Arfak rainbowfish) * ''

Melanotaenia arguni ''Melanotaenia'' is a genus of rainbowfish from Australia, Indonesia (West Papua), New Guinea, and nearby smaller islands. Species There are currently 89 recognized species in this genus: * '' Melanotaenia affinis'' ( M. C. W. Weber, 1908) (New ...

'' Kadarusman, Hadiaty & Pouyaud, 2012 (Arguni rainbowfish) * ''

Melanotaenia aruensis ''Melanotaenia'' is a genus of rainbowfish from Australia, Indonesia (West Papua), New Guinea, and nearby smaller islands. Species There are currently 89 recognized species in this genus: * '' Melanotaenia affinis'' ( M. C. W. Weber, 1908) (New ...

'' G. R. Allen, Hadiaty, Unmack &

, 2015 (Aru rainbowfish) * ''

Melanotaenia australis ''Melanotaenia australis'', the western rainbowfish, is a species of freshwater rainbowfish endemic to Australia's Kimberley and Pilbara, Top End The Top End of Australia's Northern Territory is a geographical region encompassing the northern ...

'' ( Castelnau, 1875) (Western rainbowfish) * ''

Melanotaenia batanta ''Melanotaenia'' is a genus of rainbowfish from Australia, Indonesia (West Papua), New Guinea, and nearby smaller islands. Species There are currently 89 recognized species in this genus: * '' Melanotaenia affinis'' ( M. C. W. Weber, 1908) (New ...

'' G. R. Allen & Renyaan, 1998 (Batanta rainbowfish) * ''

Melanotaenia boesemani Boeseman's rainbowfish (''Melanotaenia boesemani''), also known as the Boesemani rainbowfish, is a species of fish in the family Melanotaeniidae. Geographic range ''M. boesemani'' is endemic to the Ayamaru Lakes and their tributaries in a moun ...

'' G. R. Allen & N. J. Cross, 1980 (Boeseman's rainbowfish) * ''

Melanotaenia bowmani ''Melanotaenia'' is a genus of rainbowfish from Australia, Indonesia (West Papua), New Guinea, and nearby smaller islands. Species There are currently 89 recognized species in this genus: * '' Melanotaenia affinis'' ( M. C. W. Weber, 1908) (New ...

'' G. R. Allen, Unmack & Hadiaty, 2016 (Bowman's rainbowfish) Allen, G.R., Unmack, P.J. & Hadiaty, R.K. (2016): The "Goldiei" group of rainbowfishes (Melanotaeniidae) from the Birds Neck Region of New Guinea (Papua and West Papua Provinces, Indonesia) with descriptions of five new species and recognition of ''Melanotaenia dumasi'' Weber. ''aqua, International Journal of Ichthyology, 22 (1): 1-32.'' * ''

Melanotaenia caerulea The blue rainbowfish (''Melanotaenia caerulea'') is a species of rainbowfish in the subfamily Melanotaeniinae which is endemic to Papua New Guinea Papua New Guinea, officially the Independent State of Papua New Guinea, is an island country ...

'' G. R. Allen, 1996 (Blue rainbowfish) * ''

Melanotaenia catherinae The Waigeo rainbowfish (''Melanotaenia catherinae'') is a species of rainbowfish in the subfamily Melanotaeniinae. It is endemic to West Papua in Indonesia. It reaches a maximum length of around 7.5 cm. This species was described as ''Rhom ...

'' ( de Beaufort, 1910) (Waigeo rainbowfish) * '' Melanotaenia corona'' G. R. Allen, 1982 (Corona rainbowfish) * ''

Melanotaenia duboulayi ''Melanotaenia duboulayi'', the crimson-spotted rainbowfish, less commonly known as the Duboulay's rainbowfish, is a species of freshwater fish endemism, endemic to coastal eastern Australia, although ''M. duboulayi'' has also been kept as an aqu ...

'' ( Castelnau, 1878) (Crimson-spotted rainbowfish) * '' Melanotaenia dumasi'' M. C. W. Weber, 1907 (Omba rainbowfish) * '' Melanotaenia eachamensis'' G. R. Allen & N. J. Cross, 1982 (Lake Eacham rainbowfish) * '' Melanotaenia ericrobertsi'' G. R. Allen, Unmack & Hadiaty, 2014 (Suswa rainbowfish) Allen, G.R., Unmack, P.J. & Hadiaty, R.K. (2014): Three new species of Rainbowfishes (Melanotaeniidae) from the Birds Head Peninsula, West Papua Province, Indonesia. ''aqua, International Journal of Ichthyology, 20 (3): 139-158.'' * '' Melanotaenia etnaensis'' G. R. Allen, Unmack & Hadiaty, 2016 (Etna Bay rainbowfish) * '' Melanotaenia exquisita'' G. R. Allen, 1978 (Exquisite rainbowfish) * '' Melanotaenia fasinensis'' Kadarusman, Sudarto, Paradis & Pouyaud, 2010 (Fasin rainbowfish) * '' Melanotaenia flavipinnis'' G. R. Allen, Hadiaty & Unmack, 2014 (Misool yellowfin rainbowfish) Allen, G.R., Hadiaty, R.K. & Unmack, P.J. (2014): ''Melanotaenia flavipinnis'', a new species of Rainbowfish (Melanotaeniidae) from Misool Island, West Papua Province, Indonesia. ''aqua, International Journal of Ichthyology, 20 (1): 35-52.'' * ''

Melanotaenia fluviatilis The Murray River rainbowfish (''Melanotaenia fluviatilis''), known less commonly as the Australian rainbowfish, is a species of freshwater fish endemic to southeastern Australia. The southernmost species of all rainbowfishes, these fish are very ...

'' ( Castelnau, 1878) (Murray River rainbowfish) * '' Melanotaenia fredericki'' ( Fowler, 1939) (Sorong rainbowfish) * '' Melanotaenia garylangei'' J. A. Graf,

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& Hadiaty, 2015 (Gary Lange's rainbowfish) * '' Melanotaenia goldiei'' ( W. J. Macleay, 1883) (Goldie River rainbowfish) * '' Melanotaenia gracilis'' G. R. Allen, 1978 (Slender rainbowfish) * '' Melanotaenia grunwaldi'' G. R. Allen, Unmack & Hadiaty, 2016 (Grunwald's rainbowfish) * ''

Melanotaenia herbertaxelrodi The Lake Tebera rainbowfish (''Melanotaenia herbertaxelrodi'') is a species of rainbowfish in the subfamily Melanotaeniinae which is endemic to the Lake Tebera basin in Papua New Guinea. The specific name Specific name may refer to: * in Database ...

'' G. R. Allen, 1980 (Lake Tebera rainbowfish) * '' Melanotaenia irianjaya'' G. R. Allen, 1985 (Irian Jaya rainbowfish) * '' Melanotaenia iris'' G. R. Allen, 1987 (Strickland rainbowfish) * ''

Melanotaenia jakora ''Melanotaenia'' is a genus of rainbowfish from Australia, Indonesia (West Papua), New Guinea, and nearby smaller islands. Species There are currently 89 recognized species in this genus: * ''Melanotaenia affinis'' ( M. C. W. Weber, 1908) (New G ...

'' J. A. Graf, H. L. Ohee,

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2023 * ''

Melanotaenia japenensis ''Melanotaenia'' is a genus of rainbowfish from Australia, Indonesia (West Papua), New Guinea, and nearby smaller islands. Species There are currently 89 recognized species in this genus: * ''Melanotaenia affinis'' ( M. C. W. Weber, 1908) (New G ...

'' G. R. Allen & N. J. Cross, 1980 (Japen rainbowfish) * '' Melanotaenia kamaka'' G. R. Allen & Renyaan, 1996 (Kamaka rainbowfish) * '' Melanotaenia klasioensis'' Kadarusman, Hadiaty & Pouyaud, 2015 (Klasio Creek rainbowfish) * '' Melanotaenia kokasensis'' G. R. Allen, Unmack & Hadiaty, 2008 (Kokas rainbowfish) * '' Melanotaenia kolaensis'' G. R. Allen, Hadiaty, Unmack &

, 2015 (Kola rainbowfish) * '' Melanotaenia lacunosa'' G. R. Allen, Unmack & Hadiaty, 2016 (Mbuta rainbowfish) * ''

Melanotaenia lacustris The Lake Kutubu rainbowfish (''Melanotaenia lacustris'') is a species of fish in the family Melanotaeniidae. It is also known as turquoise rainbowfish. It is one of 13 fish endemic to Lake Kutubu, a lake found within the Kikori River system in ...

Munro A Munro (; ) is defined as a mountain in Scotland with a height over , and which is on the Scottish Mountaineering Club (SMC) official list of Munros; there is no explicit topographical prominence requirement. The best known Munro is Ben Nevi ...

, 1964 (Lake Kutubu rainbowfish) * '' Melanotaenia lakamora'' G. R. Allen & Renyaan, 1996 (Lakamora rainbowfish) * '' Melanotaenia laticlavia'' G. R. Allen, Unmack & Hadiaty, 2014 (Aifuf rainbowfish) * '' Melanotaenia longispina'' Kadarusman, Avarre & Pouyaud, 2015 (Long-spine rainbowfish) * ''

Melanotaenia maccullochi ''Melanotaenia maccullochi'', the dwarf rainbowfish or McCulloch's rainbowfish, is a species of rainbow fish in the family Melanotaeniidae. It was described by James Douglas Ogilby in 1915 when he received two samples from Mr. A. Anderson and th ...

'' J. D. Ogilby, 1915 (McCulloch's rainbowfish) * '' Melanotaenia mairasi'' G. R. Allen & Hadiaty, 2011 (Lake Furnusu rainbowfish) * '' Melanotaenia mamahensis'' G. R. Allen, Unmack & Hadiaty, 2016 (Mamah rainbowfish) * '' Melanotaenia manibuii'' Kadarusman, Slembrouck & Pouyaud, 2015 (Manibui rainbowfish) * '' Melanotaenia maylandi'' G. R. Allen, 1982 (Mayland's rainbowfish) * '' Melanotaenia misoolensis'' G. R. Allen, 1982 (Misool rainbowfish) * '' Melanotaenia monticola'' G. R. Allen, 1980 (Mountain rainbowfish) * ''

Melanotaenia mubiensis ''Melanotaenia'' is a genus of rainbowfish from Australia, Indonesia (West Papua), New Guinea, and nearby smaller islands. Species There are currently 89 recognized species in this genus: * ''Melanotaenia affinis'' (Max Carl Wilhelm Weber, M. C. ...

'' G. R. Allen, 1996 (Mubi rainbowfish) * '' Melanotaenia multiradiata'' G. R. Allen, Unmack & Hadiaty, 2014 (Moswaren rainbowfish) * '' Melanotaenia naramasae'' Kadarusman, Nugraha & Pouyaud, 2015 (Naramasa rainbowfish) * '' Melanotaenia nigrans'' ( J. Richardson, 1843) (Black-banded rainbowfish) * ''

Melanotaenia ogilbyi Ogilby's rainbowfish (''Melanotaenia ogilbyi'') is a species of rainbowfish in the subfamily Melanotaeniinae. It is endemic to West Papua in Indonesia in the Lorentz River system. This species was described in 1910 by Max C.W. Weber from types c ...

'' M. C. W. Weber, 1910 (Ogilby's rainbowfish) * '' Melanotaenia oktediensis'' G. R. Allen & N. J. Cross, 1980 (Oktedi rainbowfish) * ''

Melanotaenia papuae The Papuan rainbowfish (''Melanotaenia papuae'') is a species of rainbowfish in the Melanotaeniinae family. It is endemic to the Papuan Peninsula, around Port Moresby (; Tok Pisin: ''Pot Mosbi''), also referred to as Pom City or simply Mo ...

'' G. R. Allen, 1981 (Papuan rainbowfish) * '' Melanotaenia parkinsoni'' G. R. Allen, 1980 (Parkinson's rainbowfish) * '' Melanotaenia parva'' G. R. Allen, 1990 (Lake Kurumoi rainbowfish) * '' Melanotaenia patoti'' M. C. W. Weber, 1907 (Patoti's rainbowfish) * '' Melanotaenia picta'' G. R. Allen, Hadiaty, Unmack &

, 2015 (Painted rainbowfish) * '' Melanotaenia pierucciae'' G. R. Allen & Renyaan, 1996 (Pierucci's rainbowfish) * '' Melanotaenia pimaensis'' G. R. Allen, 1980 (Pima River rainbowfish) * '' Melanotaenia praecox'' ( M. C. W. Weber & de Beaufort, 1922) (Neon rainbowfish) * '' Melanotaenia pygmaea'' G. R. Allen, 1978 (Pygmy rainbowfish) * ''

Melanotaenia rubripinnis ''Melanotaenia'' is a genus of rainbowfish from Australia, Indonesia (West Papua), New Guinea, and nearby smaller islands. Species There are currently 89 recognized species in this genus: * ''Melanotaenia affinis'' ( M. C. W. Weber, 1908) (New G ...

'' G. R. Allen & Renyaan, 1998 (Red-finned rainbowfish) * '' Melanotaenia rubrivittata'' G. R. Allen, Unmack & Hadiaty, 2015 (Laser-red rainbowfish) * '' Melanotaenia rubrostriata'' ( E. P. Ramsay & J. D. Ogilby, 1886) (Red-striped rainbowfish) * '' Melanotaenia rumberponensis'' Kadarusman, Ogistira & Pouyaud, 2015 (Rumberpon rainbowfish) * '' Melanotaenia sahulensis'' Hammer, Allen, Martin, Adams & Unmack, 2019 (Sahul rainbowfish) * '' Melanotaenia salawati'' Kadarusman, Sudarto, Slembrouck & Pouyaud, 2011 (Salawati rainbowfish) * '' Melanotaenia sembrae'' Kadarusman, O. Carman & Pouyaud, 2015 (Sembra rainbowfish) * '' Melanotaenia senckenbergianus'' M. C. W. Weber, 1911 (Senckenberg rainbowfish) * ''

Melanotaenia sexlineata The Fly River rainbowfish (''Melanotaenia sexlineata'') is a species of rainbowfish in the subfamily Melanotaeniinae family. It is endemic to the Upper Fly River in Papua New Guinea Papua New Guinea, officially the Independent State of Papu ...

'' (

, 1964) (Fly River rainbowfish) * ''

Melanotaenia sikuensis ''Melanotaenia'' is a genus of rainbowfish from Australia, Indonesia (West Papua), New Guinea, and nearby smaller islands. Species There are currently 89 recognized species in this genus: * ''Melanotaenia affinis'' ( M. C. W. Weber, 1908) (New G ...

'' Kadarusman, Sudarto & Pouyaud, 2015 (Siku Creek rainbowfish) * '' Melanotaenia sneideri'' G. R. Allen & Hadiaty, 2013 (Kumawa rainbowfish) Allen, G.R. & Hadiaty, R.K. (2013): ''Melanotaenia sneideri'', a New Species of Rainbowfish (Melanotaeniidae), from West Papua Province, Indonesia. ''aqua, International Journal of Ichthyology, 19 (3): 137-146.'' * '' Melanotaenia solata'' W. R. Taylor, 1964 (Northern rainbowfish) * ''

Melanotaenia splendida ''Melanotaenia splendida'', the Eastern rainbowfish, is a species of rainbowfish from the subfamily Melanotaeniinae which is found in Australia. Taxonomy ''Melanotaenia splendida'' is highly variable and although three subspecies have been recogn ...

'' ( W. K. H. Peters, 1866) ** '' M. s. inornata'' ( Castelnau, 1875) (Chequered rainbowfish) ** '' M. s. splendida'' ( W. K. H. Peters, 1866) (Eastern rainbowfish) ** '' M. s. tatei'' ( Zietz, 1896) (Desert rainbowfish) * '' Melanotaenia susii'' Kadarusman,

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& Pouyaud, 2015 (Susi Creek rainbowfish) * '' Melanotaenia sylvatica'' G. R. Allen, 1997 (Forest rainbowfish) * '' Melanotaenia synergos'' G. R. Allen & Unmack, 2008 (Batanta Island rainbowfish) * '' Melanotaenia trifasciata'' ( Rendahl, 1922) (Regal rainbowfish) * '' Melanotaenia urisa'' Kadarusman, Setia Wibawa & Pouyaud, 2012 (Urisa rainbowfish) * '' Melanotaenia utcheensis'' McGuigen, 2001 (Utchee Creek rainbowfish) * ''

Melanotaenia vanheurni Van Heurn's rainbowfish (''Melanotaenia vanheurni'') is a species of rainbowfish in the subfamily Melanotaeniinae. It is endemic to West Papua in Indonesia. The specific name honours the Dutch zoologist Zoology ( , ) is the scientific s ...

'' ( M. C. W. Weber & de Beaufort, 1922) (Van Heurn's rainbowfish) * '' Melanotaenia veoliae'' Kadarusman, D. Caruso & Pouyaud, 2012 (Veolia rainbowfish) * '' Melanotaenia wanoma'' Kadarusman,

Ségura Ségura (; ) is a commune in the Ariège department in southwestern France. Population Inhabitants of Ségura are called ''Séguriens''. See also *Communes of the Ariège department The following is a list of the 325 communes of the ...

& Pouyaud, 2012 (Wanoma rainbowfish) * '' Melanotaenia wisloni'' Hammer, Allen, Martin, Adams & Unmack, 2019 (little rainbowfish) * '' Melanotaenia wokamensis'' G. R. Allen, Hadiaty, Unmack &

, 2015 (Wokam rainbowfish)

Undescribed species

* ''Melanotaenia'' sp. ( Running River rainbowfish)Unmack PJ (2016) ''Fishes of Sahul'', 30(3): 1025–1032 (September 2016)

References

{{Taxonbar, from=Q745851 Melanotaeniinae Taxonomy articles created by Polbot