Marina Busignani Reffi
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Marina Busignani Reffi (1930–2006) was a
Sammarinese Sammarinese () are citizens and people of the Republic of San Marino. Language San Marino recognizes Italian as the official language. The indigenous Sammarinese language is a variety of Romagnol spoken by approximately 83 percent of the populati ...
painter, sculptor, ceramist, and politician. Born in the city of San Marino, Reffi studied art at the
Accademia di Belle Arti di Bologna The Accademia di Belle Arti di Bologna ('academy of fine arts of Bologna') is a public tertiary academy of fine art in Bologna, Italy. It has a campus in Cesena. Giorgio Morandi taught engraving at the Accademia for more than 25 years. His ...
, where her instructors included
Giorgio Morandi Giorgio Morandi (July 20, 1890 – June 18, 1964) was an Italian painter and printmaker widely known for his subtly muted still-life paintings of ceramic vessels, flowers, and landscapes—their quiet, meditative quality reflecting the artist's ...
,
Virgilio Guidi Virgilio Guidi (April 4, 1891 – January 7, 1984) was an Italian artist and writer. He was born in Rome into an artistic family. His father was a sculptor.Cowling & Mundy 1990, p. 124. Guidi received his early training at the Scuola Libera ...
, and Luciano Minguzzi. From 1956 until 1989 she was active at the Sammarinese ceramic manufacturer SAM. She was among the artists who founded the association for Sammarinese artists in 1976, and served as its president in 1978. At the
Venice Biennale The Venice Biennale ( ; ) is an international cultural exhibition hosted annually in Venice, Italy. There are two main components of the festival, known as the Art Biennale () and the Venice Biennale of Architecture, Architecture Biennale (), ...
, she served as a commissioner, and was the first to represent her home country at the event. She represented San Marino at exhibits elsewhere during her career as well. Reffi was also active in politics, becoming the first woman to join the
Sammarinese Socialist Party The Sammarinese Socialist Party (, PSS) was a socialist Socialism is an economic ideology, economic and political philosophy encompassing diverse Economic system, economic and social systems characterised by social ownership of the means of ...
. She was also one of the first three women to be elected to the
Grand and General Council The Grand and General Council (; ) is the unicameral parliament of San Marino. The council has 60 members elected for a five-year term. History From the fifth century San Marino was ruled by an assembly composed by all the family heads known ...
in 1974, alongside
Clara Boscaglia Clara Boscaglia (1930 – 22 July 1990) was a Sammarinese politician. One of the first women to be elected to the Grand and General Council, she later became the first in San Marino to serve as a government minister. By profession, Boscaglia was a ...
and Fausta Morganti. She declined, however, to take her seat, deferring instead to her husband, Giordano Bruno Reffi, who had been elected on the same list. She also served as '' capitano di castello'' of the city of San Marino. Reffi died in the city of her birth in 2006, and was buried in the cemetery of
Chiesanuova Chiesanuova (; ) is one of the nine of San Marino. It has a population of 1,143 inhabitants (May 2018) in an area of 5.46 km2. The castello is governed by a Captain and a seven-member Junta, with Marino Rosti serving as Captain since 20 ...
. Reffi was active in Italian cultural circles throughout her life, and counted among her friends the artist
Emilio Vedova Emilio Vedova (9 August 1919 – 25 October 2006) was a modern Italian painter. He is considered one of the most important artists to emerge from Italy's artistic scene in the post-World War II. Early life Vedova was born in Venice into a work ...
. Her 1981 monument in stone to the luthier Marino Capicchioni may be seen in the Old City of San Marino, where it is displayed as part of the Open Air Museum; other works on view in the town include ''History of Science'' (1963, cement) and the undated ''Testimony 1'' and ''Testimony 2'', both in stone.


References

{{authority control 1930 births 2006 deaths Sammarinese painters Sammarinese sculptors Sammarinese ceramists Sammarinese women painters Sammarinese women sculptors Women ceramists Sammarinese women in politics 20th-century Sammarinese politicians Sammarinese Socialist Party politicians 20th-century painters 20th-century sculptors 20th-century women sculptors 20th-century ceramists 20th-century women politicians 21st-century painters 21st-century sculptors 21st-century ceramists 21st-century women artists Accademia di Belle Arti di Bologna alumni Sammarinese women artists