Marfleet
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Marfleet is an area of
Kingston upon Hull Kingston upon Hull, usually shortened to Hull, is a historic maritime city and unitary authorities of England, unitary authority area in the East Riding of Yorkshire, England. It lies upon the River Hull at its confluence with the Humber Est ...
,
East Riding of Yorkshire The East Riding of Yorkshire, often abbreviated to the East Riding or East Yorkshire, is a Ceremonial counties of England, ceremonial county in the Yorkshire and the Humber region of England. It borders North Yorkshire to the north and west, S ...
, England, in the east of the city, near King George Dock. Marfleet was until the late 20th century a small village outside the urban area of Hull – developments including the Hull and Holderness Turnpike (1833), the Hull and Holderness Railway (1854) and the King George Dock (1914), as well as establishments of factories in the area from the late 19th century onwards (notably one by H. H. Fenner & Co., ) caused the development of the area into an
industrial suburb An industrial suburb is a community, near a large city, with an industrial economy. These communities may be established as tax havens or as places where zoning promotes industry, or they may be industrial towns that become suburbs by urban ...
. Parts of the former village, including the church still exist, isolated within the predominately industrial landscape.


Geography

Modern Marfleet is an area within the built up area of
Kingston upon Hull Kingston upon Hull, usually shortened to Hull, is a historic maritime city and unitary authorities of England, unitary authority area in the East Riding of Yorkshire, England. It lies upon the River Hull at its confluence with the Humber Est ...
on the eastern side of the
River Hull The River Hull is a navigable river in the East Riding of Yorkshire in Northern England. It rises from a series of springs to the west of Driffield, and enters the Humber Estuary at Kingston upon Hull. Following a period when the Archbishops o ...
– it consists of remnants of the former village, including the historic church, surrounded mainly by industrial buildings and port-side warehousing. Approximate boundaries can be represented by the Holderness Drain to the west; the Old Fleet Drain to the east; and the trackbed (now cyclepath) of the former Hull and Holderness Railway to the north; to the south is King George Dock and the
Humber Estuary The Humber is a large tidal estuary on the east coast of Northern England. It is formed at Trent Falls, Faxfleet, by the confluence of the tidal rivers River Ouse, Yorkshire, Ouse and River Trent, Trent. From there to the North Sea, it forms ...
.Ordnance Survey 1:25000 2006; OpenStreetMap, Retrieved 3 February 2016; historic Six inch Ordnance Survey maps (1855–1950) The A1033 Hull to Hedon road passes directly east–west through the area, and the dock end of the Hull Docks Branch railway reaches King George Dock. Marfleet Avenue runs northwards from the A1033, and to the east the original route of Marfleet Lane passes the old village centre. To the west is Alexandra Dock and the area known as Southcoates, beyond which is
Drypool Drypool (''archaic'' DripoleAlso Dritpole, Dritpol, Dripold, Dripol, Dridpol) is an area within the city of Kingston upon Hull, in the ceremonial county of the East Riding of Yorkshire, England. Historically Drypool was a village, manor and la ...
; to the north is the urban area of Preston Road and its associated estate, and to the north-east the Greatfield housing estate; to the far east is Salt End and its chemical works. Marfleet is located on low-lying ground – the area is all below above sea level. Marfleet Ward contains the village as well as part of Southcoates south of the Hull Docks branch, as well as large parts of the Preston Road and Greatfield Estate – it extends as far east as the Old Fleet Drain. The ward's population in 2011 was 13,633.


Marfleet village

The former village has an 'island' like character in the industrial setting is now surrounded – the village was designated as a
conservation area Protected areas or conservation areas are locations which receive protection because of their recognized natural or cultural values. Protected areas are those areas in which human presence or the exploitation of natural resources (e.g. firewoo ...
in 1994. Older buildings surviving in the area include "The Grange" (18th century farmhouse); cottages and buildings associated with a former brickyard (pre-1850); St Gile's church (1883–84); the Primary School (1892); the Vicarage (1908); and the Church Institute (1914).


History

Marfleet was mentioned in the Domesday Survey, as ''Mereflet'', part of the manor of Mappleton. The etymology of the name is thought to refer to a "pool stream" – the area is low lying and likely to flood, with several drains or streams in the area outfalling onto the Humber. A church at Marfleet dates to at least the early 13th century. It was rebuilt in 1793, repaired 1875, and rebuilt again in 1883–4. Marfleet began a separate parish from Paull by the 18th century. Land around Marfleet was enclosed by the (
3 Geo. 3 This is a complete list of acts of the Parliament of Great Britain for the year 1762. For acts passed until 1707, see the list of acts of the Parliament of England and the list of acts of the Parliament of Scotland. See also the list of acts of ...
. c. ''30'' ) Taxes were levied during the medieval period for upkeep of drains and a sluice – work on the outlet of the modern Holderness Drain at Marfleet began 1832. A direct turnpike road between Hull and Hedon was established by an act of Parliament, and opened 1833 (the turnpike trust discontinued in 1881). The church in the 1840s was a slated roofed brick building with buttresses, with a wooden
cupola In architecture, a cupola () is a relatively small, usually dome-like structure on top of a building often crowning a larger roof or dome. Cupolas often serve as a roof lantern to admit light and air or as a lookout. The word derives, via Ital ...
at the western end. A twelve sided
turf maze Historically, a turf maze is a labyrinth made by cutting a convoluted path into a level area of short grass, sod, turf or lawn. Some had names such as Mizmaze, Troy Town, The Walls of Troy, Julian's Bower, or Shepherd's Race. This is the type of m ...
of the Chartes type once existed in the area, known as the ''Walls of Troy'', near the Humber banks, it was destroyed sometime in the mid 19th century. Other lost features include two non-conformist chapels (19th century), a manor house (in existence in the late 18th century). In 1854 the Hull and Holderness Railway and its Marfleet railway station opened. In the mid 19th century Marfleet consisted of a few farms; the railway station; a Wesleyan Methodist chapel; the church (St Peter's) and its parsonage; and an inn, the Wheelwright's Arms (later Marfleet New Inn) on the Hull and Hedon Trust turnpike road – at this time the road was or less from the
Humber Estuary The Humber is a large tidal estuary on the east coast of Northern England. It is formed at Trent Falls, Faxfleet, by the confluence of the tidal rivers River Ouse, Yorkshire, Ouse and River Trent, Trent. From there to the North Sea, it forms ...
itself. The village was well outside the urban spread of Hull, with approaching of enclosed fields between it and the furthest extend of urban Hull at
Drypool Drypool (''archaic'' DripoleAlso Dritpole, Dritpol, Dripold, Dripol, Dridpol) is an area within the city of Kingston upon Hull, in the ceremonial county of the East Riding of Yorkshire, England. Historically Drypool was a village, manor and la ...
. Marfleet Lane ran roughly north–south through the village, connecting to the turnpike, with the short Church Lane running east to the church; Back Lane also connected to the turnpike west of Marfleet Lane branching from Marfleet Lane near the station; the only other road was Poorhouse Lane, which branched north-east from Church Lane.Ordnance Survey. 1:10560 Sheet 226SE, 227SW, 240, 241 (1852–1853) In 1891 the
civil parish In England, a civil parish is a type of administrative parish used for local government. It is a territorial designation which is the lowest tier of local government. Civil parishes can trace their origin to the ancient system of parishes, w ...
had a population of 235. On 25 March 1898 the parish was abolished and merged with Sculcoates. The turnpike trust was discontinued in 1881, and Marfleet became part of the borough of Hull ( Hullshire) in 1882. In 1885 the Drypool and Marfleet Steam Tramways Company was formed with the aim of operating steam tram service from Drypool terminating at Marfleet – the company was acquired by the Hull Corporation in 1899, and by the early 1900s an electric tram service was running along Hedon Road to Marfleet. The situation was little changed by the first decade of the 20th century – a leather works (''Providence Leather Works'') had been established by H. H. Fenner & Co., (built , the company also built some housing for workers) and a railway line branching from the Holderness line for a new dock had been built west of the village;Ordnance Survey. 1:10560 Sheet 226, 227, 240NE, 241NW (1888–90, 1908–09, 1925–26) the Hull Joint Dock Act 1906 was passed allowing the construction of a new large dock east of Alexandra Dock jointly by the North Eastern Railway and the Hull and Barnsley Railway – this was opened as the King George Dock in 1914. The works had included reclamation of land at the Humber foreshore, extended the river frontage much further south, essentially to the line of earlier low water mark on the Humber Bank, colinear with the 1880s Alexandra Dock development. Following the construction of the new dock there was extensive development around Marfleet, including extensive railway sidings for the dock; there was also new housing around Frodsham Street and Ceylon Street, west and south of the village; additionally Back Lane had been straightened or widened, and renamed Marfleet Avenue; other developments included a brickworks, church institute, school, and other factory works. A Jewish cemetery had been established off Delhi Street in 1858. The site was extended northwards in 1903. In 1923 another Jewish cemetery was established directly south of the Anglican church. The current church of Saint Giles was built 1884 to the design of J. T. Webster. It is of stone in an Early English style, with a slate roof. The church became a
listed building In the United Kingdom, a listed building is a structure of particular architectural or historic interest deserving of special protection. Such buildings are placed on one of the four statutory lists maintained by Historic England in England, Hi ...
in 1994, together with its churchyard wall and gate. Marfleet Primary School was established by the school board in 1892. During the
Second World War World War II or the Second World War (1 September 1939 – 2 September 1945) was a World war, global conflict between two coalitions: the Allies of World War II, Allies and the Axis powers. World War II by country, Nearly all of the wo ...
the area, specifically the docks, was bombed during the Hull Blitz – Fenner's factory was destroyed in 1941, and rebuilding began 1947. By 1950 and more housing had been built – on Marfleet Avenue, and along Hedon Road (the former turnpike) – most of the development had taken place to the south-west of the church; to the east the landscape was still essentially rural. To the north-west the urban spread of Hull had encroached on the village – Preston Road and its associated estate had begun development in the 1920s east of Southcoates – by 1938 the new estate had reached the north-western side of the Holderness railway line, and a new straight section of Marfleet Lane had been built connecting Preston Road to Marfleet Avenue via a flyover bridge crossing the railway.Ordnance Survey. 1:10560 Sheet 226, 227, 240NE, 241NW (1925–26, 1938, 1948–50) Prefab housing was built along Hedon Road east of Marfleet after the
Second World War World War II or the Second World War (1 September 1939 – 2 September 1945) was a World war, global conflict between two coalitions: the Allies of World War II, Allies and the Axis powers. World War II by country, Nearly all of the wo ...
. In the decade after the end of that war several large factories were established to the east, north of Hedon Road, including a typewriter works ( Imperial Typewriters, est.1954, closed ); a Cod Liver Oil factory (British Cod Liver Oil Producers Ltd., later
Seven Seas "The Seven Seas" is a figurative term for all the seas of the known world. The phrase is used in reference to sailors and pirates in the arts and popular culture and can be associated with the Mediterranean Sea, the Arabian Seven Seas east of Af ...
, est.1935, closed ); and, to the far east, adjacent west of the Old Fleet an Engineering works ( Priestmans, est. , closed )Ordnance Survey 1:2500 1951–55 and Humbrol (est. 1947, closed 2006). In 1961 Fenners opened a new research facility, and in 1971 added a new factory for conveyor belts. Marfleet railway station closed to passengers in 1964, and for all services in 1972. As of 2014 the station house is a private house, and some of the station's platforms are still extant along the current cycle path. The pattern of industrial and warehousing usage east of the village continued up to the end of the 20th century, with some further infill industrial or warehousing development, so that most of the area was in industrial use by 2000. In 2005 planning permission was granted for an estate of 95 houses between Marfleet Avenue and Lane. (Built as 'Acasta Way'.Ordnance Survey OpenData 2016)


References


Sources

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External links

{{Kingston upon Hull, state=collapsed Wards and districts of Kingston upon Hull Former civil parishes in the East Riding of Yorkshire