Muḥammad Hāshim Thattvī (16921761; sd, مخدوم محمد هاشم ٺٺوي, ar, المخدوم محمد هاشم التتوي) was an

Islamic scholar In Islam, the ''ulama'' (; ar, علماء ', singular ', "scholar", literally "the learned ones", also spelled ''ulema''; feminine: ''alimah'' ingularand ''aalimath'' lural are the guardians, transmitters, and interpreters of religious ...

author An author is the writer of a book, article, play, mostly written work. A broader definition of the word "author" states: "''An author is "the person who originated or gave existence to anything" and whose authorship determines responsibility f ...

philanthropist Philanthropy is a form of altruism that consists of "private initiatives, for the Public good (economics), public good, focusing on quality of life". Philanthropy contrasts with business initiatives, which are private initiatives for private goo ...

, and a

spiritual leader Clergy are formal leaders within established religions. Their roles and functions vary in different religious traditions, but usually involve presiding over specific rituals and teaching their religion's doctrine Doctrine (from la, Wikt:doct ...

who was considered a saint by his followers. He was the first ever translator of the Quran in

Sindhi language Sindhi ( ; , ) is an Indo-Aryan language spoken by about 30 million people in the Pakistani province of Sindh, where it has official status. It is also spoken by a further 1.7 million people in India, where it is a scheduled language, withou ...

.Profile of Makhdoom Muhammad Hashim Thattvi on maktabah.org website
Published 15 December 2012, Retrieved 3 January 2018

Activities

He also ran the office of the Chief Justice and stayed the Governor of Sindh and connected areas of Punjab in the Kalhora era. He was also a feudal lord and tribe chieftain. He was the leading Islamic theologian and the Imam of the Grand Mosque at Thatta. He engaged himself in missionary duties and was famous among Sufis. He wrote ''Madah Nama Sindh'' (a book about Islam in Sindhi society and culture), ''Dirham al-Surrat Fi Wada al-Yadayn Taht al-Surrah'' (a book based on the Hanafi theology), ''Al-Baqiyat as-Salihat'' (a biography of great Islamic figures) and other books. His religious dictums shaped Sindhi culture and Islamic tradition in Sindh. He was believed to be a leading expert authority on the Fatwa-e-Alamgiri. He belonged to the

Qadri The Qadiriyya (), also transliterated Qādirīyah, ''Qadri'', ''Qadriya'', ''Kadri'', ''Elkadri'', ''Elkadry'', ''Aladray'', ''Alkadrie'', ''Adray'', ''Kadray'', ''Kadiri'', ''Qadiri'', ''Quadri'' or ''Qadri'' are members of the Sunni Qadiri ta ...

order of Sufism, and followed the

Hanafi The Hanafi school ( ar, حَنَفِية, translit=Ḥanafiyah; also called Hanafite in English), Hanafism, or the Hanafi fiqh, is the oldest and one of the four traditional major Sunni schools ( maddhab) of Islamic Law (Fiqh). It is named ...

school of thought. He has a large following throughout the Muslim world specially in Sindh and Thatta district in specific.Profile of Makhdoom Muhammad Hashim Thattvi on sindhidunya.com website
Published 11 January 2016, Retrieved 3 January 2018

Family lineage

Thattvi descends from

Al-Harith ibn Abd al-Muttalib Al-Ḥārith ibn ʿAbd al-Muṭṭalib ( ar, الحارث بن عبد المطلب) was one of the uncles of the Islamic prophet Muhammad. He was the son of Abd al-Muttalib, of the Quraysh in Mecca, by his first wife, Sumra bint Jundab, who was ...

of the

Quraysh The Quraysh ( ar, قُرَيْشٌ) were a grouping of Arab clans that historically inhabited and controlled the city of Mecca and its Kaaba. The Islamic prophet Muhammad was born into the Hashim clan of the tribe. Despite this, many of the Q ...

tribe, to which the Islamic prophet

Muhammad Muhammad ( ar, مُحَمَّد; 570 – 8 June 632 CE) was an Arab religious, social, and political leader and the founder of Islam. According to Islamic doctrine, he was a prophet divinely inspired to preach and confirm the monot ...

also belonged.

Early life and education

Makhdoom belonged to a very traditional, religious and educated family and received basic education from his father Makhdoom Abdul Ghafoor. His father taught him to memorise and recite the Quran. He further learned Persian language and Fiqh at home and travelled to

Thatta Thatta ( sd, ٺٽو; ) is a city in the Pakistani province of Sindh. Thatta was the medieval capital of Sindh, and served as the seat of power for three successive dynasties. Thatta's historic significance has yielded several monuments in and ...

the centre of education, poetry, spiritual grooming and culture of the time for receiving higher education. It was in the time of the

Kalhora dynasty The Kalhora dynasty ( sd, ڪلهوڙا راڄ, translit=Kalhora Raj) was a Sunni Muslim dynasty of Sindhi Kalhora origin based in the region of Sindh in what is now Pakistan. They claimed an Arab origin. The dynasty ruled Sindh and parts of the ...

when Sindh was at its peak in reference to rich culture and economic progress. Scholars, poets, intellectuals were found in abundance and such people were very much obeyed, trusted and respected. Thatta had been entirely unique as in the year 1111 Hijri, it had 400 high schools and 1400 mosques and is considered a unique city even today. Makhdoom Muhammad went to Makhdoom Zia uddin Thattvi to learn the science of ahadith and associated matters. It took him nine years to learn Persian and Arabic. Meanwhile, his father Makhdoom Abdul Ghafoor died on 1113 Hijri in the blessed month of Dhul-hajj and was buried in his place at Sehwan. Makhdoom visited

Makkah Mecca (; officially Makkah al-Mukarramah, commonly shortened to Makkah ()) is a city and administrative center of the Mecca Province of Saudi Arabia, and the holiest city in Islam. It is inland from Jeddah on the Red Sea, in a narrow val ...

and

Madinah Medina,, ', "the radiant city"; or , ', (), "the city" officially Al Madinah Al Munawwarah (, , Turkish: Medine-i Münevvere) and also commonly simplified as Madīnah or Madinah (, ), is the second-holiest city in Islam, and the capital of the ...

and learned exegesis, hadiths, religious fundamentals, tajwid and fiqh.

Books

He wrote books in

Arabic Arabic (, ' ; , ' or ) is a Semitic language spoken primarily across the Arab world.Semitic languages: an international handbook / edited by Stefan Weninger; in collaboration with Geoffrey Khan, Michael P. Streck, Janet C. E.Watson; Walte ...

, Sindhi and Persian including: * ''Madah Nama Sindh'' (مدح نامه سنڌ): The book contains merits and values of Sindh and Sindhi society in the 18th century. * ''Dirham al-Surrat Fi Wada al-Yadayn Taht al-Surrah''. * al-Baqiyat as-Salihat (الباقيات الصالحات). His authored books are included in the syllabus of

Al-Azhar University , image = جامعة_الأزهر_بالقاهرة.jpg , image_size = 250 , caption = Al-Azhar University portal , motto = , established = *970/972 first foundat ...

today as well. Some of his books have recently been translated into Sindhi by

Allama Muhammad Idrees Dahiri Muhammad Idrees Dahri ( ur, , sd, علامه محمد ادريس ڏاهري) is an Islamic scholar, preacher, writer, author, poet and researcher of Sindh, Pakistan. He is Hanafi, Maturidi, and belongs to the Naqshbandi Mujaddidi Sufi order. ...

and Ghulam Mustafa Qasmi, including Madah Nama Sindh, al-Baqiyat as-Salihat and Khamsat at-Tahirah.

Mausoleum and shrine

Thousands of devotees and followers visit his mausoleum and shrine every day which is located in

Makli Makli Necropolis ( ur, ; sd, مڪلي جو مقام) is one of the largest funerary sites in the world, spread over an area of 10 kilometres near the city of Thatta, in the Pakistani province of Sindh. The site houses approximately 500,000 to ...

, near the historical Makli graveyard. Many followers are buried alongside his shrine. Few of the names of the notables resting there are as follows:

Ubaidullah Sindhi Maulana Ubaidullah Sindhi (10 March 1872 – 21 August 1944) was a political activist of the Indian independence movement and one of its vigorous leaders. According to ''Dawn'', Karachi, Maulana Ubaidullah Sindhi struggled for the independence ...

and

Hassam-ud-Din Rashidi Hassam-ud-Din Rashidi ( sd, پير حسام الدين راشدي) (September 20, 1911 – April 1, 1982) was a Pakistani historian and scholar.

Urs - Death Anniversary

Makhdoom Hashim's urs is celebrated every year on the 6th of

rajab Rajab ( ar, رَجَب) is the seventh month of the Islamic calendar. The lexical definition of the classical Arabic verb ''rajaba'' is "to respect" which could also mean "be awe or be in fear", of which Rajab is a derivative. This month is re ...

at the shrine. The day's proceedings involve recitation of the Quran, hymns and praises of Allah and Muhammad and the Prophet, and religious discourses are given by local orators and scholars.254th death anniversary of renowned scholar Makhdoom Muhammad Hashim Thattvi today
Sindh Times (newspaper), Published 10 February 2017, Retrieved 3 January 2018

References

External links

*http://wikimapia.org/6133378/makhdoom-mohd-Hashim-Thattvi-tomb *https://archive.org/details/QasidaYaSalikasindhiLanguage *http://www.sindh.gov.pk/dpt/Usharzakaat/sehwan.htm *http://www.scribd.com/doc/46505203/List-of-Books-in-English0 *http://jeaysindhqaumimahaz.blogspot.com/2010/11/chapter-2-era-and-political-environment.html {{DEFAULTSORT:Makhdoom Syed Muhammad Hashim 1692 births 1761 deaths Persian-language poets Hanafi fiqh scholars Hanafis Maturidis Indian Arabic-language poets Mughal Empire poets People from Thatta District Sindhi-language poets Quranic exegesis scholars Qadiri order Scholars from Sindh