''Mactra'' is a large genus of medium-sized
marine bivalve
Bivalvia () or bivalves, in previous centuries referred to as the Lamellibranchiata and Pelecypoda, is a class (biology), class of aquatic animal, aquatic molluscs (marine and freshwater) that have laterally compressed soft bodies enclosed b ...
mollusk
Mollusca is a phylum of protostomic invertebrate animals, whose members are known as molluscs or mollusks (). Around 76,000 extant species of molluscs are recognized, making it the second-largest animal phylum after Arthropoda. The ...
s or clams, commonly known as
trough shell
Mactridae, common name the trough shells or duck clams, is a family of saltwater clams, marine bivalve mollusks in the order Venerida.
Description
These clams have two short siphons, each with a horny sheath. The shell is shaped like a rounded- ...
s or
duck clam
Mactridae, common name the trough shells or duck clams, is a family of saltwater clams, marine bivalve mollusks in the order Venerida.
Description
These clams have two short siphons, each with a horny sheath. The shell is shaped like a rounded- ...
s. ''Mactra'' is the
type genus
In biological taxonomy, the type genus (''genus typica'') is the genus which defines a biological family and the root of the family name.
Zoological nomenclature
According to the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature, "The name-bearin ...
within the
family
Family (from ) is a Social group, group of people related either by consanguinity (by recognized birth) or Affinity (law), affinity (by marriage or other relationship). It forms the basis for social order. Ideally, families offer predictabili ...
Mactridae
Mactridae, common name the trough shells or duck clams, is a family (biology), family of saltwater clams, marine (ocean), marine bivalve mollusks in the order (biology), order Venerida.
Description
These clams have two short siphons, each with a ...
.
[MolluscaBase eds. (2021). MolluscaBase. Mactra Linnaeus, 1767. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at: http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=138158 on 2021-06-03]
The word "trough" in the common name refers to the fact that all ''Mactra'' shells have a large ligamental pit at the hinge line, which in life contains a large internal ligament. Most bivalves in other families have an external ligament instead.
Species
* ''
Mactra chinensis
''Mactra chinensis'' is a species of saltwater clam, a marine bivalve mollusc in the family Mactridae, the trough shells.
Distribution and habitat
''Mactra chinensis'' is found living in sandy substrates in shallow marine habitats in Vietnam, ...
''
Philippi, 1846
* ''
Mactra glabrata''
Linnaeus
Carl Linnaeus (23 May 1707 – 10 January 1778), also known after ennoblement in 1761 as Carl von Linné,#Blunt, Blunt (2004), p. 171. was a Swedish biologist and physician who formalised binomial nomenclature, the modern system of naming o ...
, 1767
* ''
Mactra glauca''
Born, 1778
* ''
Mactra grandis''
(Gmelin, 1791)
* ''
Mactra guidoi''
Signorelli & F. Scarabino, 2010
* ''
Mactra isabelleana''
d'Orbiginny, 1846
* ''
Mactra lilacea''
Lamarck, 1818
* ''
Mactra quadrangularis
''Mactra'' is a large genus of medium-sized marine bivalve mollusks or clams, commonly known as trough shells or duck clams. ''Mactra'' is the type genus within the family Mactridae.MolluscaBase eds. (2021). MolluscaBase. Mactra Linnaeus, 1767 ...
''
Reeve, 1854
* ''
Mactra sauliana''
Gray, 1838
* ''
Mactra stultorum
The rayed trough shell (''Mactra stultorum'', previously sometimes known as ''Mactra corallina''), is a species of edible saltwater clam, a marine bivalve mollusc in the family Mactridae, the trough shells.
Distribution
This species lives in t ...
''
(Linnaeus
Carl Linnaeus (23 May 1707 – 10 January 1778), also known after ennoblement in 1761 as Carl von Linné,#Blunt, Blunt (2004), p. 171. was a Swedish biologist and physician who formalised binomial nomenclature, the modern system of naming o ...
, 1758
Events
January–March
* January 1 – Swedish biologist Carl Linnaeus (Carl von Linné) publishes in Stockholm the first volume (''Animalia'') of the 10th edition of ''Systema Naturae'', the starting point of modern zoologic ...
)
* ''
Mactra veneriformis'' (
シオフキガイ, ''shiofukigai'' in Japanese; ''동죽 조개'' in Korean)
;Species brought into synonymy:
* ''Mactra acutissima''
Cosel, 1995: synonym of ''
Scissodesma acutissima
''Scissodesma'' is a genus of bivalves belonging to the subfamily Mactrinae of the family Mactridae.
The species of this genus are found in Africa.
Species:
*'' Scissodesma acutissima''
*'' Scissodesma (Crepispisula) amekiensis''
*''Scissod ...
''
(Cosel, 1995)
* ''Mactra angolensis''
Cosel, 1995: synonym of ''
Scissodesma angolensis
''Scissodesma'' is a genus of bivalves belonging to the subfamily Mactrinae of the family Mactridae.
The species of this genus are found in Africa.
Species:
*'' Scissodesma acutissima''
*'' Scissodesma (Crepispisula) amekiensis''
*'' Scisso ...
''
(Cosel, 1995)
* ''Mactra discors''
Gray, 1873: synonym of ''
Spisula discors
''Spisula'' is a genus of medium-sized to large marine bivalve mollusks or clams in the subfamily Mactrinae of the family Mactridae, commonly known as surf clams or trough shells. MolluscaBase eds. (2022). MolluscaBase. Spisula Gray, 1837. Acc ...
''
(Gray, 1837)
* ''Mactra inconstans''
Cosel, 1995: synonym of ''
Huberimactra inconstans''
(Cosel, 1995)
* ''Mactra micronitida''
Cosel, 1995: synonym of ''
Scissodesma micronitida
''Scissodesma'' is a genus of bivalves belonging to the subfamily Mactrinae of the family Mactridae.
The species of this genus are found in Africa.
Species:
*'' Scissodesma acutissima''
*'' Scissodesma (Crepispisula) amekiensis''
*'' Scisso ...
''
(Cosel, 1995)
* ''Mactra murchisoni''
Deshayes, 1854 : synonym of ''
Spisula murchisoni
''Spisula'' is a genus of medium-sized to large marine bivalve mollusks or clams in the subfamily Mactrinae of the family Mactridae, commonly known as surf clams or trough shells. MolluscaBase eds. (2022). MolluscaBase. Spisula Gray, 1837. Acc ...
''
(Reeve, 1854)
* ''Mactra nitida''
Spengler, 1786: synonym of ''
Scissodesma nitida
''Scissodesma'' is a genus of bivalves belonging to the subfamily Mactrinae of the family Mactridae
Mactridae, common name the trough shells or duck clams, is a family (biology), family of saltwater clams, marine (ocean), marine bivalve mollu ...
''
(Gmelin, 1791)
* ''Mactra ordinaria''
(E.A.Smith, 1898) : synonym of ''
Maorimactra ordinaria''
(E. A. Smith, 1898)
* ''Mactra ovata''
Wood 1828 : synonym of ''
Paphies australis
''Paphies australis'' or pipi (from the Māori language) is a bivalve mollusc of the family (biology), family Mesodesmatidae, endemic to New Zealand.MolluscaBase eds. (2021). MolluscaBase. Paphies australis (Gmelin, 1791). Accessed through: Wo ...
''
(Gmelin, 1791)
* ''Mactra rostrata''
Spengler, 1802: synonym of ''
Barymactra rostrata''
(Spengler, 1802)
* ''Mactra silicula''
Reeve, 1854: synonym of ''
Mactrotoma compressa''
(Spengler, 1802)
* ''Mactra tristis''
(Reeve, 1854): synonym of ''
Cyclomactra tristis''
(Reeve, 1854)
* ''Mactra vitrea''
Gray, 1837: synonym of ''
Huberimactra grayi''
(M. Huber, 2015)
References
*
{{Taxonbar, from=Q2659533
Mactridae
Bivalve genera