''Mactra'' is a large genus of medium-sized marine

bivalve Bivalvia (), in previous centuries referred to as the Lamellibranchiata and Pelecypoda, is a class of marine and freshwater molluscs that have laterally compressed bodies enclosed by a shell consisting of two hinged parts. As a group, biv ...

mollusk Mollusca is the second-largest phylum of invertebrate animals after the Arthropoda, the members of which are known as molluscs or mollusks (). Around 85,000 extant species of molluscs are recognized. The number of fossil species is es ...

s or clams, commonly known as

trough shell Mactridae, common name the trough shells or duck clams, is a family of saltwater clams, marine bivalve mollusks in the order Venerida. Description These clams have two short siphons, each with a horny sheath. The shell is shaped like a rounded ...

s or duck clams. ''Mactra'' is the

type genus In biological taxonomy, the type genus is the genus which defines a biological family and the root of the family name. Zoological nomenclature According to the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature, "The name-bearing type of a nomina ...

within the

family Family (from la, familia) is a group of people related either by consanguinity (by recognized birth) or affinity (by marriage or other relationship). The purpose of the family is to maintain the well-being of its members and of society. Idea ...

Mactridae.MolluscaBase eds. (2021). MolluscaBase. Mactra Linnaeus, 1767. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at: http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=138158 on 2021-06-03 The word "trough" in the common name refers to the fact that all ''Mactra'' shells have a large ligamental pit at the hinge line, which in life contains a large internal ligament. Most bivalves in other families have an external ligament instead.

Species

* '' Mactra chinensis'' Philippi, 1846 * '' Mactra glabrata''

Linnaeus Carl Linnaeus (; 23 May 1707 – 10 January 1778), also known after his ennoblement in 1761 as Carl von Linné Blunt (2004), p. 171. (), was a Swedish botanist, zoologist, taxonomist, and physician who formalised binomial nomenclature, t ...

, 1767 * '' Mactra glauca'' Born, 1778 * '' Mactra grandis'' (Gmelin, 1791) * '' Mactra guidoi'' Signorelli & F. Scarabino, 2010 * '' Mactra isabelleana'' d'Orbiginny, 1846 * '' Mactra lilacea'' Lamarck, 1818 * ''

Mactra quadrangularis ''Mactra'' is a large genus of medium-sized marine bivalve mollusks or clams, commonly known as trough shells or duck clams. ''Mactra'' is the type genus within the family Mactridae.MolluscaBase eds. (2021). MolluscaBase. Mactra Linnaeus, 1767. ...

'' Reeve, 1854 * '' Mactra sauliana'' Gray, 1838 * ''

Mactra stultorum ''Mactra stultorum'', previously sometimes known as ''Mactra corallina'', is a species of edible saltwater clam, a marine bivalve mollusc in the family Mactridae, the trough shells. Distribution This species lives in the Black Sea, the Medite ...

'' (

1758 Events January–March * January 1 – Swedish biologist Carl Linnaeus (Carl von Linné) publishes in Stockholm the first volume (''Animalia'') of the 10th edition of ''Systema Naturae'', the starting point of modern zoological ...

) * ''

Mactra veneriformis ''Mactra'' is a large genus of medium-sized marine bivalve mollusks or clams, commonly known as trough shells or duck clams. ''Mactra'' is the type genus within the family Mactridae.MolluscaBase eds. (2021). MolluscaBase. Mactra Linnaeus, 1767. ...

'' ( シオフキガイ, ''shiofukigai'' in Japanese; ''동죽 조개'' in Korean) ;Species brought into synonymy: * ''Mactra acutissima'' Cosel, 1995: synonym of ''

Scissodesma acutissima ''Scissodesma'' is a genus of bivalves belonging to the subfamily Mactrinae of the family Mactridae. The species of this genus are found in Africa. Species: *'' Scissodesma acutissima'' *'' Scissodesma (Crepispisula) amekiensis'' *''Scissod ...

'' (Cosel, 1995) * ''Mactra angolensis'' Cosel, 1995: synonym of ''

Scissodesma angolensis ''Scissodesma'' is a genus of bivalves Bivalvia (), in previous centuries referred to as the Lamellibranchiata and Pelecypoda, is a class of marine and freshwater molluscs that have laterally compressed bodies enclosed by a shell consis ...

'' (Cosel, 1995) * ''Mactra discors'' Gray, 1873: synonym of ''

Spisula discors ''Spisula'' is a genus of medium-sized to large marine bivalve mollusks or clams in the subfazmily Mactrinae of the family Mactridae, commonly known as surf clams or trough shells. MolluscaBase eds. (2022). MolluscaBase. Spisula Gray, 1837. Ac ...

'' (Gray, 1837) * ''Mactra inconstans'' Cosel, 1995: synonym of '' Huberimactra inconstans'' (Cosel, 1995) * ''Mactra micronitida'' Cosel, 1995: synonym of ''

Scissodesma micronitida ''Scissodesma'' is a genus of bivalves belonging to the subfamily Mactrinae of the family Mactridae. The species of this genus are found in Africa. Species: *''Scissodesma acutissima'' *''Scissodesma (Crepispisula) amekiensis'' *''Scissodes ...

'' (Cosel, 1995) * ''Mactra murchisoni'' Deshayes, 1854 : synonym of ''

Spisula murchisoni ''Spisula'' is a genus of medium-sized to large marine bivalve mollusks or clams in the subfazmily Mactrinae of the family Mactridae, commonly known as surf clams or trough shells. MolluscaBase eds. (2022). MolluscaBase. Spisula Gray, 1837. Ac ...

'' (Reeve, 1854) * ''Mactra nitida'' Spengler, 1786: synonym of ''

Scissodesma nitida ''Scissodesma'' is a genus of bivalves belonging to the subfamily Mactrinae of the family Mactridae. The species of this genus are found in Africa. Species: *''Scissodesma acutissima'' *''Scissodesma (Crepispisula) amekiensis'' *''Scissodes ...

'' (Gmelin, 1791) * ''Mactra ordinaria'' (E.A.Smith, 1898) : synonym of '' Maorimactra ordinaria'' (E. A. Smith, 1898) * ''Mactra ovata'' Wood 1828 : synonym of ''

Paphies australis ''Paphies australis'' or pipi (from the Māori language) is a bivalve mollusc of the family Mesodesmatidae, endemic to New Zealand. MolluscaBase eds. (2021). MolluscaBase. Paphies australis (Gmelin, 1791). Accessed through: World Register of Ma ...

'' (Gmelin, 1791) * ''Mactra rostrata'' Spengler, 1802: synonym of '' Barymactra rostrata'' (Spengler, 1802) * ''Mactra silicula'' Reeve, 1854: synonym of '' Mactrotoma compressa'' (Spengler, 1802) * ''Mactra tristis'' (Reeve, 1854): synonym of '' Cyclomactra tristis'' (Reeve, 1854) * ''Mactra vitrea'' Gray, 1837: synonym of '' Huberimactra grayi'' (M. Huber, 2015)

References

* {{Commons category Mactridae Bivalve genera