''Macavirus'' is a genus of
viruses
A virus is a submicroscopic infectious agent that replicates only inside the living cells
Cell most often refers to:
* Cell (biology), the functional basic unit of life
Cell may also refer to:
Locations
* Monastic cell, a small room ...
in the order ''
Herpesvirales
The ''Herpesvirales'' is an order of dsDNA viruses (Baltimore group I) with animal hosts, characterised by a common morphology consisting of an icosahedral capsid enclosed in a glycoprotein-containing lipid envelope. Common infections in humans ...
'', in the family ''
Herpesviridae
''Herpesviridae'' is a large family of DNA viruses that cause infections and certain diseases in animals, including humans. The members of this family are also known as herpesviruses. The family name is derived from the Greek word ''ἕρπει ...
'', in the subfamily ''
Gammaherpesvirinae
''Gammaherpesvirinae'' is a subfamily of viruses in the order ''Herpesvirales'' and in the family ''Herpesviridae''. Viruses in ''Gammaherpesvirinae'' are distinguished by reproducing at a more variable rate than other subfamilies of ''Herpesvir ...
''. Mammals serve as natural hosts. There are nine species in this genus. Diseases associated with this genus include: inapparent infection in their reservoir hosts (wildebeest for alHV-1 and sheep for ovHV-2), but fatal
lymphoproliferative
Lymphoproliferative disorders (LPDs) refer to a specific class of diagnoses, comprising a group of several conditions, in which lymphocytes are produced in excessive quantities. These disorders primarily present in patients who have a compromised ...
disease when they infect MCF-susceptible hosts, including cattle, deer, bison, water buffalo and pigs.
Species
The genus consists of the following nine species:
* ''
Alcelaphine gammaherpesvirus 1''
* ''
Alcelaphine gammaherpesvirus 2''
* ''
Bovine gammaherpesvirus 6''
* ''
Caprine gammaherpesvirus 2''
* ''
Hippotragine gammaherpesvirus 1''
* ''
Ovine gammaherpesvirus 2''
* ''
Suid gammaherpesvirus 3''
* ''
Suid gammaherpesvirus 4''
* ''
Suid gammaherpesvirus 5''
Structure
Viruses in ''Macavirus'' are enveloped, with icosahedral, spherical to pleomorphic, and Round geometries, and T=16 symmetry. The diameter is around 150-200 nm. Genomes are linear and non-segmented, around 180kb in length.
Life cycle
Viral replication is nuclear, and is lysogenic. Entry into the host cell is achieved by attachment of the viral glycoproteins to host receptors, which mediates endocytosis. Replication follows the dsDNA bidirectional replication model. Dna templated transcription, with some alternative splicing mechanism is the method of transcription. The virus exits the host cell by nuclear egress, and budding. Mammals serve as the natural host.
References
External links
Viralzone: ''Macavirus''ICTV
{{Taxonbar, from=Q18813549
Herpesviridae
Virus genera