Six-eyed spiders are
spiders that, unlike most spider species miss the principal pair of eyes, leaving them with only six eyes instead of the usual eight.
List
''This list is incomplete''
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Araneomorphae''
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Haplogynae''
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Scytodoidea
Scytodoidea is a taxon of araneomorph spiders, at the rank of superfamily. It contains four families:
* Drymusidae
* Periegopidae
* Scytodidae
* Sicariidae
Phylogeny
The monophyly of the group has been confirmed in morphological studies. One ...
''-superfamily of six-eyed spiders
:::*''
Drymusidae
Drymusidae is a family of araneomorph spiders first described by Eugène Simon in 1893, and elevated to family status by Pekka T. Lehtinen in 1986.
Genera
, the World Spider Catalog accepts the following genera:
*''Drymusa
''Drymusa'' is a ...
''
:::*''
Periegopidae
''Periegops'' is a genus of spiders with six eyes instead of the usual eight. It is the only genus in its family (Periegopidae) and has three described species. It was long considered to be members of Sicariidae or Segestriidae until Raymond For ...
''
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Scytodes''
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Sicariidae''
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Leptonetoidea''-superfamily of six-eyed spiders
:::*''
Leptonetidae
Leptonetidae is a relatively primitive family of spiders first described by Eugène Simon in 1890. It is made up of tiny haplogyne spiders, meaning they lack the hardened external female genitalia. Their six eyes are arranged in a semicircle of f ...
''
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Ochyroceratidae
Ochyroceratidae is a six-eyed spider family, with 165 described species in ten genera. They are common inhabitants of caves and the tropical forest litter of South Africa, the Caribbean, Asia and South America. Considered an ecological counterpar ...
''
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Telemidae
Telemidae, also known as long-legged cave spiders, is a family of small haplogyne spiders. Most are cave dwelling spiders with six eyes, though some do not have any eyes at all. There are about 104 described species in sixteen genera.
Physical fe ...
''-predominantly six-eyed, but some species with none.
::*''
Pholcoidea''
:::*''
Diguetidae
Coneweb spiders (Diguetidae) are six-eyed haplogyne spiders that live in tangled space webs, fashioning a cone-like central retreat where they hide and lay eggs. It is a small family, containing only two genera with fifteen species and is confin ...
''-family of six-eyed spiders
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Pholcidae''-predominantly eight eyed, but some species with six.
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Pholcinae''
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Belisana''
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Belisana aliformis'' (
at Wikispecies)
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Belisana huberi'' (
at Wikispecies)
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Belisana lamellaris
Belisama (Gaulish ''Belesama''; epigraphically ) is a Celtic goddess. She was identified by Roman commentators with Minerva by ''interpretatio romana''.
Name
The Gaulish theonym ''Belesama'' has been traditionally interpreted as meaning 'the ...
'' (
at Wikispecies)
::::::*''
Belisana zhangi
Belisama (Gaulish ''Belesama''; epigraphically ) is a Celtic goddess. She was identified by Roman commentators with Minerva by ''interpretatio romana''.
Name
The Gaulish theonym ''Belesama'' has been traditionally interpreted as meaning 'the ...
'' (
at Wikispecies)
:::::*''
Khorata
''Khorata'' is a genus of Asian cellar spiders that was first described by B. A. Huber in 2005.
Species
it contains fifty-one species, found only in Asia:
*'' Khorata bachma'' Yao & Li, 2018 – Vietnam
*'' Khorata bangkok'' Huber, 2005 – Tha ...
''
::::::*''
Khorata diaoluoshanensis
''Khorata'' is a genus of Asian cellar spiders that was first described by B. A. Huber in 2005.
Species
it contains fifty-one species, found only in Asia:
*'' Khorata bachma'' Yao & Li, 2018 – Vietnam
*'' Khorata bangkok'' Huber, 2005 – Tha ...
'' (
at Wikispecies)
::*''
Caponioidea
The Caponioidea or caponioids are a group of haplogyne araneomorph spiders that have been treated as superfamily with two members, the families Caponiidae and Tetrablemmidae. Phylogenetic studies from 1991 onwards have shown that the group is not ...
''
:::*''
Caponiidae
Caponiidae is a family of ecribellate haplogyne spiders that are unusual in a number of ways. They differ from other spiders in lacking book lungs and having the posterior median spinnerets anteriorly displaced to form a transverse row with the a ...
''-family with species with 8, 6, 4 and 2 eyes and some with a changing number of eyes
:::*''
Tetrablemmidae
Tetrablemmidae, sometimes called armored spiders, is a family of tropical araneomorph spiders first described by Octavius Pickard-Cambridge in 1873. It contains 126 described species in 29 genera from southeast Asia, with a few that occur in Afric ...
''
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Dysderoidea
The Dysderoidea are a clade or superfamily of araneomorph spiders. The monophyly of the group, initially consisting of the four families Dysderidae, Oonopidae, Orsolobidae and Segestriidae, has consistently been recovered in phylogenetic stud ...
''-superfamily of six-eyed spiders
:::*''
Dysderidae
Dysderidae, also known as woodlouse hunters, sowbug-eating spiders, and cell spiders, is a family of araneomorph spiders first described by Carl Ludwig Koch in 1837. They are found primarily in Eurasia, extending into North Africa with very few s ...
''
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Oonopidae''
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Orsolobidae
Orsolobidae is a six-eyed spider family with about 180 described species in thirty genera. It was first described by J. A. L. Cooke in 1965, and was raised to family status from "Dysderidae" in 1985.
Genera
Most genera are endemic to New Zeala ...
''
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Segestriidae
Tube-dwelling spiders (Segestriidae) are a family of araneomorph spiders first described by Eugène Simon in 1893. It consists of five genera, two large and widespread, '' Segestria'' and ''Ariadna'', and three smaller genera, '' Citharoceps'', ...
''
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Trogloraptor
''Trogloraptor'' is a genus of large spiders found in the caves of southwestern Oregon. It is the sole genus in the family Trogloraptoridae, and includes only one species, ''Trogloraptor marchingtoni''. These spiders are predominantly yellow-br ...
idae''
:*''
Entelegynae''
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Archaeoidea
:::*
Micropholcommatidae
::::*
Micropholcommatinae
The Micropholcommatinae are a subfamily of araneomorph spiders in the family Anapidae. They were previously treated as the family Micropholcommatidae. Micropholcommatins are extremely small, with body lengths typically between 0.5 and 2 mm ...
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Micropholcommatini
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Austropholcomma
:::::::*''
Austropholcomma walpole'' (
at Wikispecies)
::*''
Araneoidea''
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Anapidae
Anapidae is a family of rather small spiders with 231 described species in 58 genera. It includes the former family Micropholcommatidae as the subfamily Micropholcommatinae, and the former family Holarchaeidae. Most species are less than long.
...
''
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Comaroma
''Comaroma'' is a genus of araneomorph spiders in the family Anapidae, first described by Philipp Bertkau in 1889.
Species
it contains six species:
*''Comaroma hatsushibai'' Ono, 2005 – Japan
*''Comaroma maculosa'' Oi, 1960 – China, Korea, ...
''
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Comaroma hatsushibai
''Comaroma'' is a genus of araneomorph spiders in the family Anapidae, first described by Philipp Bertkau
Philipp Bertkau (11 January 1849 – 22 October 1894) was a German zoologist born in Cologne.
He studied natural sciences at the Universi ...
'' (
at Wikispecies)
::*''
Dictynoidea The Dictynoidea or dictynoids are a group of araneomorph spiders that have been treated as a superfamily. The composition of the group has varied. Phylogenetic studies in the 21st century have failed to confirm the monophyly of the dictynoids as ...
''
:::*''
Cybaeidae
Cybaeidae is a family of spiders first described by Nathan Banks in 1892. The diving bell spider or water spider ''Argyroneta aquatica'' was previously included in this family, but is now in the family Dictynidae.
Genera
, the World Spider Cata ...
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Cybaeus
''Cybaeus'' is a genus of araneomorph spiders in the family Cybaeidae, first described by Ludwig Carl Christian Koch in 1868. It is found in America, Europe, Japan, Korea and China. Females of different species are difficult to distinguish, espec ...
''
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Cybaeus yoshiakii
''Cybaeus'' is a genus of araneomorph spiders in the family Cybaeidae, first described by Ludwig Carl Christian Koch in 1868. It is found in America, Europe, Japan, Korea and China. Females of different species are difficult to distinguish, espec ...
'' (
at Wikispecies)
:::*''
Dictynidae''-predominantly eight eyed, but some species with six.
References
Bibliography
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External links
*{{cite web , url=http://bugguide.net/node/view/84423, title=Spider Eye Arrangements, last1=Lynette, date=23 October 2006, website=
BugGuide, access-date=16 May 2015, quote=
Six eyes
Spider anatomy
Eye