Following are lists of notable

Arabic Arabic (, ' ; , ' or ) is a Semitic languages, Semitic language spoken primarily across the Arab world.Semitic languages: an international handbook / edited by Stefan Weninger; in collaboration with Geoffrey Khan, Michael P. Streck, Janet C ...

dictionaries.

Explanatory dictionaries

}) , Al-Khalil ibn Ahmad al-Farahidi
( ar, الخليل بن أحمد الفراهيدي)
(''b''. 718 - ''d''. 791) , 8th century , , align="left" , ''Kitab al-Ayn'' was the first dictionary for the Arabic language. , - , ''

Kitab al-Jim Kitab ( ar, کتاب, link=no, ''kitāb''), also transcribed kitaab, is the Arabic, Turkic, Urdu, Hindi and in various Languages of South Asia, Indian Languages word for "book". * ''Kitaab'', a 1977 Hindi language movie * ''Kithaab'' (also writt ...

''
( ar, كتاب الجيم)
a.k.a. ''Kitab al-Lughat'' or ''Kitab al-Huruf'' , Abu Amr al-Shaybani
( ar, أبو عمرو الشيباني)
(''b''. ca. 738 - ''d''. 828) , 8-9th century , , align="left" , The only copy is in the El Escorial Library. , - , '' Al-Jamhara al-Lugha''
( ar, جمهرة اللغة)
a.k.a. ''Al-Jamhara fi al-Lugha'' (The all-embracing in language) ,

Ibn Duraid Abū Bakr Muhammad ibn al-Ḥasan ibn Duraid al-Azdī al-Baṣrī ad-Dawsī Al-Zahrani (), or Ibn Duraid () (c. 837-933 CE), a leading grammarian of Baṣrah, was described as "the most accomplished scholar, ablest philologer and first poet of t ...

( ar, ابن دريد)
(''b''. 838 - ''d''. 933) , 9-10th century , , align="left" , The dictionary was inspired in part by the earlier dictionary ''Kitab al-Ayn'' of

al-Farahidi Abu ‘Abd ar-Raḥmān al-Khalīl ibn Aḥmad ibn ‘Amr ibn Tammām al-Farāhīdī al-Azdī al-Yaḥmadī ( ar, أبو عبدالرحمن الخليل بن أحمد الفراهيدي; 718 – 786 CE), known as Al-Farāhīdī, or Al-Khalīl, ...

. , - , '' Tahdhib al-Lugha''
( ar, تهذيب اللغة) , Abu Manshur al-Azhari al-Harawi
( ar, أبو منصور الأزهري الهروي)
(''b''. 895 - ''d''. 981) , 10th century , , align="left" , The dictionary is important as a source of the

Lisan al-Arab ''Lisān al-ʿArab'' (لسان العرب, "Tongue of Arabs") is a dictionary of Arabic completed by Ibn Manzur in 1290. History Ibn Manzur's objective in this project was to reïndex and reproduce the contents of previous works to facilita ...

. , - , '' Al-Muhit fi al-Lugha''
( ar, المحيط في اللغة) , Al-Sahib ibn Abbad
( ar, الصاحب بن عبّاد)
(''b''. 938 - ''d''. 995) , 10th century , , align="left" , , - , ''

Taj al-Lugha wa Sihah al-Arabiyya Taj may refer to: Buildings *Taj Mahal, a medieval mausoleum in the Indian city of Agra *Taj Palace, an Abbasid palace in medieval Baghdad *Taj-ul-Masajid, mosque in Bhopal * Taj building, Nowshera, Pakistan *Taj Hotels Resorts and Palaces, inte ...

''
( ar, تاج اللغة وصحاح العربية)
''shorter title:'' ''Taj al-Lugha'' or ''al-Sihah'' , Ismail ibn Hammad al-Jawhari
( ar, إسماعيل بن حماد الجوهري)
(''b''. ? - ''d''. 1009) , 10-11th century , It contains about 40,000 dictionary entries. , align="left" , The author died at

Nishapur Nishapur or officially Romanized as Neyshabur ( fa, ;Or also "نیشاپور" which is closer to its original and historic meaning though it is less commonly used by modern native Persian speakers. In Persian poetry, the name of this city is wr ...

while attempting flight. , - , ''Mu`jam Maqayis al-Lugha''(; "Language Standards Compendium) , Ahmad Ibn Zakariyya al-Qazwini Ibn Faris , 11th century , , , - , '' Al-Muhkam wa al-Muhit al-A'zam''
( ar, المحكم والمحيط الأعظم)
''shorter title:'' ''Al-Muhkam'' , Ibn Sidah
( ar, ابن سيده)
(''b''. 1007 - ''d''. 1066) , 11th century , , align="left" , The author was a blind man. , - , ''

''
( ar, لسان العرب) , Ibn Manzur
( ar, ابن منظور)
(''b''. 1233 - ''d''. 1312) , The dictionary was completed in 1290. , It contains about 80,000 dictionary entries. , align="left" , , - , ''Al-Misbah al-munir''( ; "The Enlightening Lamp") , Ahmed Al Maqri Ahmed bin Mohammed bin Ali Al Maqri Al Fayoumi , The dictionary dates to 1368 , , , - , '' Al-Qamus al-Muhit wa al-Qabus al-Wasit''
( ar, القاموس المحيط، والقابوس الوسيط; "The Encompassing Ocean/Lexicon")
''shorter title:'' ''Al-Qamus al-Muhit'' , Al-Firuzabadi
( ar, الفيروزآبادي)
(''b''. 1329 - ''d''. 1414) , The dictionary was completed in 1410. , It contains about 60,000 dictionary entries. , align="left" , The dictionary served as the basis of later European dictionaries of Arabic. , - , ''Ahkam Bab al-I`rab `n Lughat al-A`rab'' () , Germanus Farhat (1670–1732) , Printed by Rashid Dahdah (1813–1889) , , A revision of Fairuzabadi’s ''Al-Qamus Al-Muheet''. Arranged by word ending. , - , ''

Taj al-Arus Min Jawahir al-Qamus Taj may refer to: Buildings *Taj Mahal, a medieval mausoleum in the Indian city of Agra *Taj Palace, an Abbasid palace in medieval Baghdad * Taj-ul-Masajid, mosque in Bhopal * Taj building, Nowshera, Pakistan *Taj Hotels Resorts and Palaces, int ...

''
( ar, تاج العروس)
''shorter title:'' ''Taj al-Arus'' , Abu al-Fayd Mohammad Murtada al-Zabidi
( ar, أبو الفيض محمد مرتضى الزبيدي ''b''. 1731 - ''d''. 1790) , The dictionary was completed in 1774.''Encyclopedia of Arabic Literature'', Vol.2, Julie Scott Meisami and Paul Starkey, p.817. , It contains about 120,000 dictionary entries. , align="left" , , - , ''

Muhit al-Muhit Muhit Al-Muhit is an early modern Arabic dictionary written by the Lebanese polymath Butrus al-Bustani (1819–1883), one of the leading figures of the Nahda. Bustani’s vision was to revive and modernize the Arabic language. Mindful of the im ...

''
( ar, محيط المحيط)
a.k.a. ''Qutr al-Muhit'' (The Diameter of the Ocean)al-hakawati Butros Bustani
Retrieved 02 February 2015 , Butrus al-Bustani
( ar, بطرس البستاني)
(''b''. 1819 - ''d''. 1883) , The dictionary was completed in 1870. , , align="left" , The author had dedicated the work to the

Sultan Abdulaziz Abdulaziz ( ota, عبد العزيز, ʿAbdü'l-ʿAzîz; tr, Abdülaziz; 8 February 18304 June 1876) was the 32nd Sultan of the Ottoman Empire and reigned from 25 June 1861 to 30 May 1876, when he was overthrown in a government coup. He was a ...

. The sultan awarded him with a higher medal and 250 golden liras. , - , ''Al-Faraed Al-Hissan Min Qalaed Al-Lisan'' () ,

Ibrahim al-Yaziji Ibrahim al-Yaziji (Arabic ابراهيم اليازجي, ''Ibrahim al-Yāzijī''; 1847–1906) was an Arab Christianity in Lebanon, Christian philosopher, philologist, poet and journalist. He belonged to the Greek Catholic population of the Mutas ...

(; ''b.'' 1847 - ''d.'' 1907) , 1870 , , , - , ''

Matn al-Lugha ''Matn al-Lugha'' (; "Corpus of the Language") was one of earliest modern monolingual dictionaries of the Arabic language, written by Lebanese linguist Sheikh Ahmed Rida, an important figure of the Arab literary renaissance. The five-volume dictio ...

'' (Corpus of the language) , Ahmad Rida
( ar, أحمد رضا)
(''b''. 1872 - ''d''. 1953) , 1958 , , , - , '' Lexicon of the Modern Arabic Language''
( ar, معجم اللغة العربية المعاصرة) , Ahmad Mukhtar Omar , 2008 , ,

Bilingual dictionaries

Influential Arabic dictionaries in Europe: *

Pedro de Alcalá Pedro de Alcalá (born circa 1455) was a Hieronymites, Hieronymite lexicographer. After the War of Granada, conquest of Granada by Castile, he collaborated with fellow member of the Order of Saint Jerome Fray Hernando de Talavera in the latter's ef ...

, ''Vocabulista'', 1505. A Spanish-Arabic glossary in transcription only. Edward Lipiński, 2012
Arabic Linguistics: A Historiographic Overview
pages 32-33 *

Valentin Schindler Valentin Schindler (14 February 1543 – 11 June 1604) was a Lutheran Hebraist and professor of the University of Wittenberg, where he was an important teacher of the Hebrew language. He moved by 1594 to Helmstedt. He is known for his dictionary " ...

, ''Lexicon Pentaglotton: Hebraicum, Chaldicum, Syriacum, Talmudico-Rabbinicum, et Arabicum'', 1612. Arabic lemmas were printed in Hebrew characters. *

Franciscus Raphelengius Frans van Ravelingen Latinized Franciscus Raphelengius (February 27, 1539 – July 20, 1597), was a Flemish-born scholar, printer and publisher, working in Antwerp and later in Leiden. During the last decade of his life he was professor of Heb ...

''Lexicon Arabicum''
Leiden 1613. The first printed dictionary of the Arabic language in Arabic characters. *

Jacobus Golius Jacob Golius born Jacob van Gool (1596 – September 28, 1667) was an Orientalist and mathematician based at the University of Leiden in Netherlands. He is primarily remembered as an Orientalist. He published Arabic texts in Arabic at Leiden, ...

, ''Lexicon Arabico-Latinum'', Leiden 1653. The dominant Arabic dictionary in Europe for almost two centuries. *

Georg Freytag Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Freytag (19 September 1788 – 16 November 1861) was a German philologist. Background Freytag was born in Lüneburg. He studied philology and theology at the University of Göttingen, where from 1811 to 1813 he worke ...

, ''Lexicon Arabico-Latinum'', praesertim ex Djeuharii Firuzubadiique et aliorum libris confectum I–IV, Halle 1830–1837 * Edward William Lane, ''

Arabic–English Lexicon __NOTOC__ The ''Arabic–English Lexicon'' is an Arabic–English dictionary compiled by Edward William Lane (died 1876). It was published in eight volumes during the second half of the 19th century. It consists of Arabic words defined and explai ...

'', 8 vols, London-Edinburgh 1863–1893. Highly influential, but incomplete (stops at Kaf) Influential Arabic dictionaries in modern usage: * German (Classical Arabic): M. Ullmann, ''Wörterbuch der klassischen arabischen Sprache I'', kāf, Wiesbaden 1970; II/1-4, lām, Wiesbaden 1984–2009. Missing mīm, nūn, hā’, wāw, and yā’. * German (Modern Standard Arabic): Hans Wehr, ''Arabisches Wörterbuch für die Schriftsprache der Gegenwart''. Arabisch-Deutsch, Wiesbaden 1952; 5th ed., 1985. ** English (translation of Hans Wehr):

J Milton Cowan J Milton Cowan (February 22, 1907 – December 20, 1993) was an American linguist. Born in Salt Lake City, Utah, Cowan was the son of a butcher, who, hesitating between the first names James and John when the boy was born, decided to give him nei ...

: '' Dictionary of Modern Written Arabic''. Arabic-English, Wiesbaden 1971; 4th ed., 1979. * French: R. Blachère, C. Pellat, M. Chouémi, and C. Denizeau, ''Dictionnaire arabe-français-anglais (langues classique et moderne)'', Paris 1963 ff. * Russian: Х.К. Баранов, ''Арабско-русский словарь'', Moscow 1957; 6th ed., 1985. * Polish: J. Kozłowska and J. Danecki, ''Słownik arabsko-polski'', Warszawa 1996 and J. Łacina, Słownik arabsko-polski, Poznań 1997. * Greek: G. Endress (ed.), ''A Greek and Arabic Lexicon'', Leiden 1992 ff.

Notes

References

{{Reflist, 30em

Arabic language Arabic (, ' ; , ' or ) is a Semitic language spoken primarily across the Arab world.Semitic languages: an international handbook / edited by Stefan Weninger; in collaboration with Geoffrey Khan, Michael P. Streck, Janet C. E.Watson; Walter ...

Arabic dictionaries Arabic (, ' ; , ' or ) is a Semitic language spoken primarily across the Arab world.Semitic languages: an international handbook / edited by Stefan Weninger; in collaboration with Geoffrey Khan, Michael P. Streck, Janet C. E.Watson; Walter ...

Explanatory dictionaries

Bilingual dictionaries

See also

Notes

References