List of Ancient Roman temples

This is a list of ancient Roman temples, built during antiquity by the people of ancient Rome or peoples belonging to the Roman Empire. Roman temples were dedicated to divinities from the Roman pantheon.

Substantial remains

Most of the best survivals had been converted into churches and mosques. Rural areas in the Islamic world have some good remains, which had been left largely undisturbed. In Spain, some remarkable discoveries (Vic, Cordoba, Barcelona) were made in the 19th century, when old buildings being reconstructed or demolished were found to contain major remains encased in later buildings. In Rome, Pula, and elsewhere some walls incorporated in later buildings have always been evident. In most cases loose pieces of stone have been removed from the site, and some such as capitals may be found in local museums, along with non-architectural items excavated, such as terracotta votive offerings, which are often found in large numbers.

Rome

* Pantheon or Temple to All The Gods – Campus Martius
* Temple of Antoninus and Faustina, the core of the building survives as a church, including parts of the frieze, – Roman Forum
* Temple of Hadrian, a huge wall with eleven columns, now incorporated in a later building – Campus Martius
* Temple of Hercules Victor, early circular temple, largely complete
* Nymphaeum often called (erroneously) the Temple of Minerva Medica
* Temple of Portunus (formerly called the Temple of Fortuna Virilis), near Santa Maria in Cosmedin and the Temple of Hercules Victor
* Temple of Romulus, very complete circular exterior, early 4th century – Roman Forum
* Temple of Saturn, eight impressive columns and architrave remain standing, west end of the Roman Forum
* Temple of Vesta, small circular temple, part complete – Roman Forum

Elsewhere

* Palestrina, Sanctuary of Fortuna Primigenia, (see above) a large complex leading to a small shrine
* Temple of Apollo (Pompeii), unusually, it is the smaller elements that are best preserved, and the surrounding forum
* Temple of Bellona (Ostia), small back-street all-brick temple at the port.
* Temple of Vesta, Tivoli, so-called, circular
* Capitolium of Brixia, Brescia, buried by a landslide and partly reconstructed
* Temple of Minerva, Assisi, preserved façade with six Corynthian columns, architrave and pediment.
* Temple of Augustus (Pozzuoli) ( it), Pozzuoli, pseudoperipteral temple in Parian marble, the structure of the temple re-emerged after the 1964 fire destroyed the central nave of the Baroque church that incorporated it, it's been since restored and reopened.
* Temple of Augustus (Pula), Pula, Croatia, largely complete (illustrated above); a large wall from another temple forms part of the town hall next door.
* Roman Temple of Évora, Évora, Portugal, impressive partial remains of a small temple
* Temple of Jupiter in Diocletian's Palace, Split, Croatia. Small but very complete, amid other Roman buildings, c. 300. Most unusually, the barrel ceiling is intact.
* Roman temple of Alcántara, Spain, tiny but complete
* Roman temple of Vic, Spain. Substantially rebuilt, after it was found covered by a castle.
* Roman temple of Córdoba, Spain. Base and 11 Corinthian columns, found inside later buildings.
* Maison Carrée, Nîmes, Southern France, one of the most complete survivals
* Temple of Augustus and Livia, Vienne, France, exterior largely complete
* Temple of Bacchus, Baalbek, Lebanon, a famous exotic "Baroque" pilgrimage destination, very largely preserved, including the interior.
* Temples of Jupiter and Venus, Baalbek
* Temple of Artemis (Jerash), Jordan; partial remains of two other temples
* Sbeitla, Tunisia, three small temples in a row on the forum, many other city ruins.
* Dougga, Tunisia, several temples in extensive city ruins, two with substantial remains.

Ruins, fragments, bases and excavations

Britain

* Temple of Claudius, Colchester; some of the base can be seen in the basements of Colchester Castle, which was built over it.
* Pagans Hill Roman Temple, Somerset, England, Romano-Celtic circular (octagonal) temple, the foundations excavated
* Maiden Castle, Dorset, England
* Roman Baths (Bath) and Temple of Sulis Minerva, Bath, Somerset, England
* London Mithraeum, Londinium; the reassembled foundations can be seen from the street at Temple Court, Queen Victoria Street, London EC4.

Italy

Rome

* Temple of Apollo Palatinus – Palatine Hill
* Temple of Apollo Sosianus – Near the Theater of Marcellus
* Temple of Bellona (Rome) – Near the Theater of Marcellus
* Temple of Bona Dea – Aventine Hill
* Largo di Torre Argentina – remains of four small temples of the Republic can be see
* Temple of Caesar – Roman Forum
* Temple of Castor and Pollux - In the Roman Forum
* Temple of Claudius
* Temple of Concord – Roman Forum at the base of the Capitoline
* Temple of Cybele (Magna Mater) – Palatine Hill
* Temple of Diana – Aventine Hill
* Temple of Divus Augustus behind Basilica Julia
* Temple of Isis and Serapis – Campus Martius
* Temple of Janus (Roman Forum)
* Temple of Janus (Forum Holitorium)
* Temple of Juno Moneta – Capitoline Hill
* Temple of Jupiter (Capitoline Hill) – Capitoline Hill (under Palazzo Conservatori)
* Temple of Jupiter Stator (3rd century BC) – in front of the gate of the Palatine Hill
* Temple of Jupiter Stator (2nd century BC) – in the southern Campus Martius
* Temple of Mars Ultor – Forum of Augustus
* Temple of Minerva Medica, named in literary sources but no longer extant
* Temple of Peace – Forum of Peace (now mostly covered by Via dei Fori Imperiali)
* Temple of Siriaco – Janiculum Hill
* Temple of Venus and Roma – Northeast corner of the Roman Forum
* Temple of Venus Genetrix – Forum of Caesar
* Temple of Vespasian and Titus, three columns still stand in the Roman Forum, with other fragments elsewhere
* Temple of Veiovis – Capitoline Hill (Basement of Palazzo Senatorio)

Lebanon

* The 30 or so Temples of Mount Hermon are a group of small temples and shrines, some with substantial remains. Some are in modern Syria and Israel.
* Temples of the Beqaa Valley, including Baalbek (see above).
* Aaiha
* Aaqbe
* Afka
* Ain Aata
* Ain Harcha, good remains on a ridge-top outside town
* Antoura
* Bakka, Lebanon
* Bziza
* Dakoue
* Deir El Aachayer
* Edde
* Hebbariye
* Hosn Niha
* Kafr Zebad
* Kalaa
* Kfar Qouq
* Khirbet El-Knese
* Labweh
* Libbaya
* Makam Er-Rab
* Mejdal Anjar
* Nebi Safa
* Niha Bekaa, 4 small temples to local gods with partial remains, 1st century AD on.
* Qal'at Bustra
* Qasr Banat
* Saraain El Faouqa
* Shheem
* Yaat
* Yanta
* Sfire

Malta

* Temple of Apollo in Melite (modern Mdina) – some ruins dismantled in the 18th century and stones reused in other buildings; part of podium still exists
* Temple of Juno in Gaulos (modern Victoria, Gozo) – ruins dismantled in 1697–1711 during the construction of the Cathedral of the Assumption; some remains survive beneath the cathedral
* Temple of Juno at Tas-Silġ, near Marsaxlokk – some foundations survive
* Temple of Proserpina in Mtarfa – ruins dismantled in the 17th-18th centuries and stones reused in other buildings; an inscription, a fragment of a marble column and parts of a Punic cornice survive

Romania

Not much remains to be seen, but there were temples at Ulpia Traiana Sarmizegetusa (6),Romanian Temples
Alburnus Major (2), Apulum, Tibiscum Porolissumimage
and probably Potaissa (suggested by five neighboring altars), as well as other sites.

Scotland

* Arthur's O'on, Stenhousemuir, Scotland. Unusual stone "beehive"-shaped building, probably a temple, destroyed in 1743.

Slovenia

* Temple of Hercules – Celje, Slovenia.
* Gallo-Roman Temple – Celje, Slovenia - remains of Gallo-Roman Temple.

Spain

* Temple of Augustus in Barcelona - Barcelona, Spain. Four large columns on base, found within a later building.
* Temple of Diana, Mérida, Mérida, Spain.

Syria

* Rakhleh, and other Temples of Mount Hermon
* Burqush
* Temple of Bel, Palmyra
* Temple of Jupiter, Damascus, Syria
* Temple of Zeus Hypsistos, Al-Dumayr
* Funerary Temple (Palmyra)
* Temple of Bel-Shamin (Palmyra)
* Roman temple at Al-Mushannaf
* Latakia Tetraporticus
* Temple of Zeus Theos, Dura Europos
* Temple of Atargatis, Dura Europos
* Temple of the Gadde, Dura Europos
* Temple of Adonis, Dura Europos
* Temple of Artemis Azzinoth Kona, Dura Europos
* Tempel of Zeus Kyrios
* Temple of Zeus Megistos, Dura Europos
* Temple of Artemis Nanaia, Dura Europs
* Hosn Suleiman Temple
* Bakhos Temple Latakia
* Masmiyah-Phaena Temple
* Temple of Bel, Dura Europos
* Temple of Augustus, Caesarea Philippi
* Temple of Zeus, Caesarea Philippi
* Upper Tomb Temple, Caesarea Philippi
* Lower Tomb Temple, Caesarea Philippi
* Horvat Omrit Temple (Augustus Temple)
* Court of Pan, Caesarea Philippi
* Atil, Roman temples
* Sia Roman Temple, southeren Syria
* Athriya Roman Temple
* Temple of Zeus Bomos, Baqirha
* The remains of the 2nd-century Roman temple of Tyche in al-Sanamayn
* Temple of Allat, Palmyra
* Temple of Nabu, Palmyra
* Temple of Baal-hamon, Palmyra
* Roman Temple Kalybe (Bosra al-Sham)
* Temple of the Tyche - Apamea
* Roman Syria Temples ( Modern Lebanon)- ( Modern Israel/Golan Heights)
* The 30 or so Temples of Mount Hermon are a group of small temples and shrines, some with substantial remains. Some are in modern Lebanon and Israel.
* Roman Temple at Harran al-Awamid
* Roman Temple in Qasr Chbib
* Temple dedicated to sun god (Helios), As-Suwayda Qanawat (Kanawat)
* Temple of Bacchus in present-day Latakia
* Korsei el-Debb Roman temple
* Temple of Rabbos, Al Quanawat
* Temple to the sun god El Gabal, with the holy stone.
* 2 Temples: Temple of Zeus end TEMPLE CYRRHUS SYRIA, PHILIP II

Tunisia

* Djebel Zaghouan ("water temple" at the start of an aqueduct for Carthage)
* Dougga (ruins of several temples)
* Oudna
* Pheradi Majus (Bouficha)
* Segermes
* Thuburbo Majus (ruins of several temples)

Turkey

* Aphrodisias, remains of two temples, with unusually good reliefs ''in situ'' and in the local museum (the city had especially fine marble).
* Temple of Augustus in Ancyra - Ankara, Turkey
* Ephesus, remains of 4 temples, that of Hadrian the best, with a nymphaeum of Trajan.
* Temple of Trajan, Pergamon, part reconstructed. Remains of other temples.
* Side, remains of three temples
* Donuktas Roman Temple - Tarsusbr>

Notes

References

*"EERA" = Axel Boëthius, Boëthius, Axel, Ling, Roger, Rasmussen, Tom, ''Etruscan and Early Roman Architecture'', Yale/Pelican history of art, 1978, Yale University Press, , 9780300052909
google books
* Wheeler, Mortimer, ''Roman Art and Architecture'', 1964, Thames and Hudson ( World of Art), {{ISBN, 0500200211

Temples
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