Liberty (1881

''Liberty'' was a 19th-century

anarchist Anarchism is a political philosophy and movement that is skeptical of all justifications for authority and seeks to abolish the institutions it claims maintain unnecessary coercion and hierarchy, typically including, though not necessar ...

market socialist Market socialism is a type of economic system involving the public, cooperative, or social ownership of the means of production in the framework of a market economy, or one that contains a mix of worker-owned, nationalized, and privately owned ...

and

libertarian socialist Libertarian socialism, also known by various other names, is a left-wing,Diemer, Ulli (1997)"What Is Libertarian Socialism?" The Anarchist Library. Retrieved 4 August 2019. anti-authoritarian, anti-statist and libertarianLong, Roderick T. (2 ...

periodical published in the United States by

Benjamin Tucker Benjamin Ricketson Tucker (; April 17, 1854 – June 22, 1939) was an American individualist anarchist and libertarian socialist.Martin, James J. (1953)''Men Against the State: The Expositers of Individualist Anarchism in America, 1827–1908''

from August 1881 to April 1908. It was instrumental in developing and formalizing the
American individualist anarchist Individualist anarchism in the United States was strongly influenced by Benjamin Tucker, Josiah Warren, Ralph Waldo Emerson, Lysander Spooner, Pierre-Joseph Proudhon, Max Stirner, Herbert Spencer and Henry David Thoreau. Other important individua ...

market socialist Market socialism is a type of economic system involving the public, cooperative, or social ownership of the means of production in the framework of a market economy, or one that contains a mix of worker-owned, nationalized, and privately owned ...
philosophy, publishing essays and serving as a format for debate. Contributors included Tucker, Lysander Spooner,
Auberon Herbert Auberon (french: Oberon, links=no) may refer to: People * Auberon Herbert (1838–1906), British writer, theorist, philosopher and son of the 3rd Earl of Carnarvon * Auberon Herbert, 9th Baron Lucas (1876–1916), British politician and fighter pi ...
,
Dyer Lum Dyer Daniel Lum (February 15, 1839 – April 6, 1893) was an American anarchist, labor activist and poet. A leading syndicalist and a prominent left-wing intellectual of the 1880s, Lum is best remembered as the lover and mentor of early anarch ...
, Joshua K. Ingalls,
John Henry Mackay John Henry Mackay, also known by the pseudonym Sagitta, (6 February 1864 – 16 May 1933) was an egoist anarchist, thinker and writer. Born in Scotland and raised in Germany, Mackay was the author of '' Die Anarchisten'' (The Anarchists, 1891) a ...
,
Victor Yarros Victor S. Yarros (1865–1956) was an American anarchist, lawyer and author. He immigrated to the United States with his friend Charles David Spivak in 1882. He was law partner to Clarence Darrow for eleven years in Chicago, husband to the femini ...
,
Wordsworth Donisthorpe __NOTOC__Wordsworth Donisthorpe (24 March 1847 – 30 January 1914) was an English barrister, individualist anarchist and inventor, pioneer of cinematography and chess enthusiast. Life and work Donisthorpe was born in Leeds, on 24 March 1847. ...
, James L. Walker,
J. William Lloyd J. William Lloyd (never using his given name John) (June 4, 1857 – October 23, 1940) was an American individualist anarchist, mystic and pantheist. Lloyd later modified his political position to minarchism. Biography He was born in Westfield ...
,
Voltairine de Cleyre Voltairine de Cleyre (November 17, 1866 – June 20, 1912) was an American anarchist known for being a prolific writer and speaker who opposed capitalism, marriage and the state as well as the domination of religion over sexuality and women's li ...
,
Steven T. Byington Steven Tracy Byington (birthname Stephen) (December 10, 1869 – October 12, 1957) was a noted intellectual, translator, and American individualist anarchist. Life He was born in Westford, Vermont, and later moved to Ballardvale section of An ...
,
John Beverley Robinson John Beverley Robinson (February 21, 1821 – June 19, 1896) was a Canadian politician, lawyer and businessman. He was mayor of Toronto and a provincial and federal member of parliament. He was the fifth Lieutenant Governor of Ontario between ...
, Jo Labadie and Henry Appleton. Its masthead featured a quote from
Pierre-Joseph Proudhon Pierre-Joseph Proudhon (, , ; 15 January 1809, Besançon – 19 January 1865, Paris) was a French socialist,Landauer, Carl; Landauer, Hilde Stein; Valkenier, Elizabeth Kridl (1979) 959 "The Three Anticapitalistic Movements". ''European Socia ...
, that liberty is "Not the Daughter But the Mother of Order".

Purpose

Benjamin Tucker Benjamin Ricketson Tucker (; April 17, 1854 – June 22, 1939) was an American individualist anarchist and libertarian socialist.Martin, James J. (1953)''Men Against the State: The Expositers of Individualist Anarchism in America, 1827–1908''
was an
American individualist anarchist Individualist anarchism in the United States was strongly influenced by Benjamin Tucker, Josiah Warren, Ralph Waldo Emerson, Lysander Spooner, Pierre-Joseph Proudhon, Max Stirner, Herbert Spencer and Henry David Thoreau. Other important individua ...
and made it clear that the purpose of the journal was to further his point of view, saying in the first issue: However, the journal did become a forum for argumentation about diverse views and Tucker credited both
Josiah Warren Josiah Warren (; 1798–1874) was an American utopian socialist, American individualist anarchist, individualist philosopher, polymath, social reformer, inventor, musician, printer and author. He is regarded by anarchist historians like Jam ...
and the
social anarchist Social anarchism is the branch of anarchism that sees individual freedom as interrelated with mutual aid.Suissa, Judith (2001). "Anarchism, Utopias and Philosophy of Education". ''Journal of Philosophy of Education'' 35 (4). pp. 627–646. . S ...
Proudhon as influences for ''Liberty''. For instance, says of Proudhon the following: "''Liberty'' is a journal brought into existence almost as a direct consequences of the teachings of Proudhon" (''Liberty I''). He later said that ''Liberty'' was "the foremost organ of Josiah Warren's doctrines" (''Liberty IX'').

Revival
In 1974, an attempt to revive Tucker's ''Liberty'' was undertaken by some of
Laurance Labadie Laurance Labadie (June 4, 1898 – August 12, 1975) was an American individualist anarchist and author. Career Labadie worked in the car industry in Detroit, Michigan. Labadie became an anarchist author, at first mainly republishing articles ...
's associates. Edited by Earl Foley and
Walter Carroll Walter Carroll (4 July 1869 - 9 October 1955) was an English composer, music lecturer and author. He was born at 156 Great Ducie Street in the Cheetham district of Manchester. Early life and education He was a pupil at Longsight High School, ...
, it billed itself as "The Revival of ''Liberty''". The first issue contained articles by Labadie, Lynne Farrow and Earl Foley. Its editorial says: "We align ourselves with the Individualist Anarchist tradition of Josiah Warren and Benjamin Tucker". However, the revival did not survive past the first issue. In 2007, mutualist archivist Shawn P. Wilbur used microfiche obtained from Libertarian Microfiche Publishing to release the first full-text digital archive of ''Liberty''."Index of ''Liberty''"
(2007).

See also
* Individualist anarchism *
Individualist anarchism in the United States Individualist anarchism in the United States was strongly influenced by Benjamin Tucker, Josiah Warren, Ralph Waldo Emerson, Lysander Spooner, Pierre-Joseph Proudhon, Max Stirner, Herbert Spencer and Henry David Thoreau. Other important individ ...
* Libertarian socialism *
List of anarchist periodicals The following is a chronological list of noteworthy anarchist and proto-anarchist periodicals. Footnotes Further reading * * * * External linksCold Off The Pressescontains full text copies of anarchist periodicals from the Anarchy ...
* '' Lucifer the Lightbearer'' (1883–1907)

References

External links

Complete archive of ''Liberty'' and ''Libertas''
at the Libertarian Labyrinth

a collection of many of Tucker's publications from ''Liberty''

by
Wendy McElroy Wendy McElroy (born 1951) is a Canadian individualist feminist and voluntaryist writer. She was a co-founder along with Carl Watner and George H. Smith of ''The Voluntaryist'' magazine in 1982 and is the author of a number of books. McElroy ...

''Benjamin R Tucker & the Champions of Liberty: A Centenary Anthology''
edited by Michael E. Coughlin, Charles H. Hamilton and Mark A. Sullivan

by Carl Watner
''Benjamin Tucker and His Periodical, Liberty''
by Carl Watner
''Liberty and Taxation''
by
Benjamin Tucker Benjamin Ricketson Tucker (; April 17, 1854 – June 22, 1939) was an American individualist anarchist and libertarian socialist.Martin, James J. (1953)''Men Against the State: The Expositers of Individualist Anarchism in America, 1827–1908''
{{DEFAULTSORT:Liberty 1881-1908 1881 establishments in Massachusetts 1908 disestablishments in Massachusetts Biweekly magazines published in the United States Anarchist periodicals published in the United States Defunct political magazines published in the United States Individualist anarchist publications Magazines established in 1881 Magazines disestablished in 1908 Magazines published in Boston