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Sir Lawrence David Freedman, (born 7 December 1948) is a British academic, historian and author with specialising in foreign policy, international relations and strategy. He has been described as the "dean of British strategic studies" and was a member of the
Iraq Inquiry The Iraq Inquiry (also referred to as the Chilcot Inquiry after its chairman, Sir John Chilcot)War Studies War studies, sometimes called polemology, is the multi-disciplinary study of war. It pertains to the military, diplomatic, philosophical, social, political, psychological or economic dimensions of human conflict. The word ''polemology'' deriv ...
at
King's College London King's College London (informally King's or KCL) is a public research university located in London, England. King's was established by royal charter in 1829 under the patronage of King George IV and the Duke of Wellington. In 1836, King's ...
.


Life

Freedman was educated at
Whitley Bay Grammar School Whitley may refer to: Places ;United Kingdom *Whitley, Berkshire, a suburb of Reading * Whitley, Cheshire, a village near Warrington *Whitley, Coventry, a suburb of Coventry, West Midlands *Whitley, Essex, near Birdbrook * Whitley, Wigan, Greater ...
, the
University of Manchester The University of Manchester is a public university, public research university in Manchester, England. The main campus is south of Manchester city centre, Manchester City Centre on Wilmslow Road, Oxford Road. The university owns and operates majo ...
(BA),
University of York The University of York (abbreviated as or ''York'' for post-nominals) is a collegiate research university, located in the city of York, England. Established in 1963, the university has expanded to more than thirty departments and centres, co ...
(BPhil), and
University of Oxford , mottoeng = The Lord is my light , established = , endowment = £6.1 billion (including colleges) (2019) , budget = £2.145 billion (2019–20) , chancellor ...
, where he was a student of
Nuffield College Nuffield College () is one of the constituent colleges of the University of Oxford in England. It is a graduate college and specialises in the social sciences, particularly economics, politics and sociology. Nuffield is one of Oxford's newer c ...
(
Fellow A fellow is a concept whose exact meaning depends on context. In learned or professional societies, it refers to a privileged member who is specially elected in recognition of their work and achievements. Within the context of higher education ...
1974–75) and the Faculty of Social Studies. His DPhil thesis, submitted in 1975, was ''The definition of the Soviet threat in strategic arms decisions of the United States: 1961–1974''. He also then held a part-time lectureship at Balliol College.


Career

Freedman held positions at the International Institute for Strategic Studies and Royal Institute of International Affairs (Chatham House) before he was appointed, in 1982, Professor of War Studies at King's College London. He was head of the department until 1997. In 2000, he was the first head of the college's School of Social Science and Public Policy. From 2003 to December 2013, he was a Vice Principal at King's College London. He retired from King's in December 2014. He was appointed a
Fellow A fellow is a concept whose exact meaning depends on context. In learned or professional societies, it refers to a privileged member who is specially elected in recognition of their work and achievements. Within the context of higher education ...
of the college in 1992. He was appointed a Visiting Professor at the University of Oxford in the
Blavatnik School of Government The Blavatnik School of Government is a school of public policy founded in 2010 at the University of Oxford in England. The School was founded following a £75 million donation from a business magnate Leonard Blavatnik, supported by £26 millio ...
in 2015. Freedman contributed to the preparation of the 1999 Chicago speech in which
Tony Blair Sir Anthony Charles Lynton Blair (born 6 May 1953) is a British former politician who served as Prime Minister of the United Kingdom from 1997 to 2007 and Leader of the Labour Party from 1994 to 2007. He previously served as Leader of t ...
set out the 'Blair doctrine'. Freedman was the official historian of the Falklands campaign, and author of ''The Official History of the Falklands Campaign'', published in two volumes (London:
Routledge Routledge () is a British multinational publisher. It was founded in 1836 by George Routledge, and specialises in providing academic books, journals and online resources in the fields of the humanities, behavioural science, education, law ...
, 2006). Freedman's principal areas of interest include contemporary defence and foreign policy issues. He has written extensively on nuclear strategy and the cold war, as well as commentating regularly on contemporary security issues, and provides book reviews for ''
Foreign Affairs ''Foreign Affairs'' is an American magazine of international relations and U.S. foreign policy published by the Council on Foreign Relations, a nonprofit, nonpartisan, membership organization and think tank specializing in U.S. foreign policy a ...
''. His recent books include an Adelphi Paper on ''The Revolution in Strategic Affairs'', an edited book on Strategic Coercion, an illustrated book on the
Cold War The Cold War is a term commonly used to refer to a period of geopolitical tension between the United States and the Soviet Union and their respective allies, the Western Bloc and the Eastern Bloc. The term '' cold war'' is used because t ...
, a collection of essays on British defence policy, and ''Kennedy's Wars'' that covers the major crises of the early 1960s over Berlin, Cuba, and Vietnam. ''Kennedy's Wars'' was a Silver Medal Winner of the Arthur Ross Prize, awarded by the
Council on Foreign Relations The Council on Foreign Relations (CFR) is an American think tank specializing in U.S. foreign policy and international relations. Founded in 1921, it is a nonprofit organization that is independent and nonpartisan. CFR is based in New York Ci ...
in New York City. In addition, a book on deterrence was published in 2004. ''A Choice of Enemies: America Confronts the Middle East'' (New York: PublicAffairs, 2008), won the 2009 Lionel Gelber Prize and the 2009
Duke of Westminster's Medal for Military Literature The Duke of Westminster's Medal for Military Literature was awarded by the Royal United Services Institute for Defence and Security Studies, (the RUSI), Whitehall, London. Awarded annually from 1997 to 2016, the Medal was given to honour a living a ...
. ''Strategy: A History'' (New York:
Oxford University Press Oxford University Press (OUP) is the university press of the University of Oxford. It is the largest university press in the world, and its printing history dates back to the 1480s. Having been officially granted the legal right to print book ...
, 2013) was named as one of the best books of 2013 by the ''
Financial Times The ''Financial Times'' (''FT'') is a British daily newspaper printed in broadsheet and published digitally that focuses on business and economic current affairs. Based in London, England, the paper is owned by a Japanese holding company, Nik ...
'' and was awarded the W J McKenzie Book Prize by the Political Studies Association.


Honours and awards

Freedman was elected a
Fellow of the British Academy Fellowship of the British Academy (FBA) is an award granted by the British Academy to leading academics for their distinction in the humanities and social sciences. The categories are: # Fellows – scholars resident in the United Kingdom # ...
in 1995 and appointed Commander of the Most Excellent Order of the British Empire in 1996 and
Knight Commander of the Most Distinguished Order of St Michael and St George The Most Distinguished Order of Saint Michael and Saint George is a British order of chivalry founded on 28 April 1818 by George IV, George IV, Prince of Wales, while he was acting as prince regent for his father, George III, King George III. ...
in 2003. In January 2006, he was awarded the Chesney Gold Medal by the
Royal United Services Institute The Royal United Services Institute (RUSI, Rusi), registered as Royal United Service Institute for Defence and Security Studies and formerly the Royal United Services Institute for Defence Studies, is a British defence and security think tank ...
(
RUSI Rusi or RUSI may refer to: Places in Romania * Ruși River, Romania * Ruși, a district in the town of Zlatna, Alba County * Ruși, a village in Bretea Română, Hunedoara County * Ruși, a village in Slimnic, Sibiu County * Ruși, a village i ...
) to mark a lifelong distinguished contribution in the defence and international security fields. The citation read: His other awards include Distinguished Scholar Award from the International Security Studies Section of the US International Studies Association (2007) and the first George G Bell Award for strategic studies leadership from the Canadian International Council (2008). He was made a member of the
Privy Council of the United Kingdom The Privy Council (PC), officially His Majesty's Most Honourable Privy Council, is a formal body of advisers to the sovereign of the United Kingdom. Its membership mainly comprises senior politicians who are current or former members of ei ...
when appointed to the
Iraq Inquiry The Iraq Inquiry (also referred to as the Chilcot Inquiry after its chairman, Sir John Chilcot)Judith Freedman, Pinsent Masons Professor of Taxation Law and a Fellow of Worcester College at
Oxford University Oxford () is a city in England. It is the county town and only city of Oxfordshire. In 2020, its population was estimated at 151,584. It is north-west of London, south-east of Birmingham and north-east of Bristol. The city is home to the ...
. They have two children, Ruth and Sam. Sam is an education policy expert who was a Senior Policy Advisor to the then Secretary of State for Education
Michael Gove Michael Andrew Gove (; born Graeme Andrew Logan, 26 August 1967) is a British politician serving as Secretary of State for Levelling Up, Housing and Communities and Minister for Intergovernmental Relations since 2021. He has been Member of Par ...
from 2010 to 2013 and is a Senior Fellow at the Institute for Government.


Selected publications

*''War, strategy, and international politics: essays in honour of Sir Michael Howard'' edited by Robert O'Neill, Lawrence Freedman, and
Paul Hayes Paul Edward Hayes (born 20 September 1983) is an English former professional footballer who works as director of football for Isthmian League Premier Division side Bowers & Pitsea. As a player he was a forward who made more than 500 appearanc ...
(1992); *Freedman, Lawrence D.
The Special Relationship, then and now
. ''
Foreign Affairs ''Foreign Affairs'' is an American magazine of international relations and U.S. foreign policy published by the Council on Foreign Relations, a nonprofit, nonpartisan, membership organization and think tank specializing in U.S. foreign policy a ...
''. May/June 2006. *Freedman, Lawrence (2013). ''Strategy: A History''. Oxford:
Oxford University Press Oxford University Press (OUP) is the university press of the University of Oxford. It is the largest university press in the world, and its printing history dates back to the 1480s. Having been officially granted the legal right to print book ...
. . *Freedman, Lawrence (2017). ''The Future of War: A History''. New York: Public Affairs. * *Freedman, Sir Lawrence (2019). ''Ukraine and the Art of Strategy''. Oxford: Oxford University Press. *Freedman, Lawrence (2022). ''Command: The Politics of Military Operations from Korea to Ukraine''. Oxford: Oxford University Press.


References


Further reading

*
Christopher Clark Sir Christopher Munro Clark (born 14 March 1960) is an Australian historian living in the United Kingdom and Germany. He is the twenty-second Regius Professor of History at the University of Cambridge. In 2015, he was knighted for his servic ...
, "'This Is a Reality, Not a Threat'" (review of Lawrence Freedman, ''The Future of War: A History'', Public Affairs, 2018, 376 pp.; and Robert H. Latiff, ''Future War: Preparing for the New Global Battlefield'', Knopf, 2018, 192 pp.), ''
The New York Review of Books ''The New York Review of Books'' (or ''NYREV'' or ''NYRB'') is a semi-monthly magazine with articles on literature, culture, economics, science and current affairs. Published in New York City, it is inspired by the idea that the discussion of i ...
'', vol. LXV, no. 18 (22 November 2018), pp. 53–54.


External links


Professor Sir Lawrence Freedman home page

Lawrence Freedman
videos on
Big Think Big Think is a multimedia web portal founded in 2007 by Victoria Brown and Peter Hopkins. The website is a collection of interviews, presentations, and round table discussions with experts from a wide range of fields. Victoria Brown is the acti ...
{{DEFAULTSORT:Freedman, Lawrence David 1948 births Living people Academics of King's College London Alumni of Nuffield College, Oxford Alumni of the University of York Alumni of the Victoria University of Manchester British foreign policy writers British Jews British military historians Jewish historians British people of the Falklands War Chatham House people Fellows of King's College London Fellows of Nuffield College, Oxford Fellows of the British Academy Commanders of the Order of the British Empire Knights Commander of the Order of St Michael and St George Members of the Privy Council of the United Kingdom Military strategists