The Lusatian Border Ridge (), also called the Lusatian Border Wall,''Bodenwissenschaften und Landschaftsökologie: Böden, Standorte, Ökosysteme ...''
by Hans Joachim Fiedler. Retrieved 19 Oct 2013. is a

natural region in Saxony The classification of natural regions of Saxony shown here was produced between 1994 and 2001 by a working group called "Ecosystem and Regional Character" (''Naturhaushalt und Gebietscharakter'') at the Saxonian Academy of Sciences in Leipzig as par ...

and South Brandenburg. It lies not far from the town of

Weißwasser Weißwasser (, ; ) is a town in Upper Lusatia in eastern Saxony, Germany. Weißwasser is the third largest town in the Görlitz (district), Görlitz district after Görlitz and Zittau. The town's landmark is its water tower. The town is part o ...

and is bounded in the south and west by the Muskau Heath and in the north by the Cottbus Sand Plateau. To the west it transitions at the River Dahme into the Lower Fläming; to the east it continues on the far side of the border river of the

Lusatian Neisse The Lusatian Neisse (; ; ; Upper Sorbian: ''Łužiska Nysa''; Lower Sorbian: ''Łužyska Nysa''), or Western Neisse, is a river in northern Central Europe.

into

Poland Poland, officially the Republic of Poland, is a country in Central Europe. It extends from the Baltic Sea in the north to the Sudetes and Carpathian Mountains in the south, bordered by Lithuania and Russia to the northeast, Belarus and Ukrai ...

as the ''Wał Trzebnicki'' (Trebnitz Ridge) as far as the River Bóbr (German: '' Bober''). The Lusatian Border Ridge and the Muskau Fold Arc consist of about 150,000 year old shove end moraine arcs of the Warthe Stage of the

Saalian glaciation The Saale glaciation or Saale Glaciation, sometimes referred to as the Saalian glaciation, Saale cold period (), Saale complex (''Saale-Komplex'') or Saale glacial stage (called the Wolstonian Stage in Britain), covers the middle of the three larg ...

, that are characterized by several parallel valleys and ridges. In the area of the push moraines, layers of

Cenozoic The Cenozoic Era ( ; ) is Earth's current geological era, representing the last 66million years of Earth's history. It is characterized by the dominance of mammals, insects, birds and angiosperms (flowering plants). It is the latest of three g ...

rock have been pushed up to the surface. The heavily rounded to flat slabs are covered by areas of sandur in the south. The longitudinal valleys are partly filled with water. By historical times the coal seams in strata near the surface were already being exploited for fuel. The natural vegetation would be mixed

sessile oak ''Quercus petraea'', commonly known as the sessile oak, Welsh oak, Cornish oak, Irish oak or durmast oak, is a species of oak tree native to most of Europe and into Anatolia and Iran. The sessile oak is the national tree of Ireland, and an unof ...

hornbeam Hornbeams are hardwood trees in the plant genus ''Carpinus'' in the family Betulaceae. Its species occur across much of the temperateness, temperate regions of the Northern Hemisphere. Common names The common English name ''hornbeam'' derives ...

pine A pine is any conifer tree or shrub in the genus ''Pinus'' () of the family Pinaceae. ''Pinus'' is the sole genus in the subfamily Pinoideae. ''World Flora Online'' accepts 134 species-rank taxa (119 species and 15 nothospecies) of pines as cu ...

woodland, oak and beech forest and mixed beech-sessile oak-English oak woodland. The Lusatian Border Ridge also forms the boundary between

Lower Lower may refer to: * ''Lower'' (album), 2025 album by Benjamin Booker *Lower (surname) *Lower Township, New Jersey *Lower Receiver (firearms) *Lower Wick Lower Wick is a small hamlet located in the county of Gloucestershire, England. It is sit ...

and

Upper Lusatia Upper Lusatia (, ; , ; ; or ''Milsko''; ) is a historical region in Germany and Poland. Along with Lower Lusatia to the north, it makes up the region of Lusatia, named after the Polabian Slavs, Slavic ''Lusici'' tribe. Both parts of Lusatia a ...

, hence the name, which literally means "Lusatian Border Dyke".

References

{{coord, 51, 34, 13, N, 14, 15, 37, E, region:DE_type:mountain_source:kolossus-dewiki, display=title Natural regions of Saxony Geography of Lusatia