Ludic, or ''Ludian'', or ''Ludic Karelian'' ( or ), is a Finnic language in the Uralic language family or a Karelian dialect. It is transitional between the Olonets Karelian language and the

Veps language Veps, also known as Vepsian (Veps: ' or '), is a Finnic language from the Uralic language family, that is spoken by Vepsians. The language is written in the Latin script, and is closely related to Finnish and Karelian. According to Soviet ...

. It is spoken by 300 Karelians in the

Republic of Karelia The Republic of Karelia (russian: Респу́блика Каре́лия, Respublika Kareliya; ; krl, Karjalan tašavalta; ; fi, Karjalan tasavalta; vep, Karjalan Tazovaldkund, Ludic: ''Kard’alan tazavald''), also known as just Karelia (ru ...

in Russia, near the southwestern shore of

Lake Onega Lake Onega (; also known as Onego, rus, Оне́жское о́зеро, r=Onezhskoe ozero, p=ɐˈnʲɛʂskəɪ ˈozʲɪrə; fi, Ääninen, Äänisjärvi; vep, Änine, Änižjärv) is a lake in northwestern Russia, on the territory of the Repu ...

, including a few children.

Classification

In the Finnish research tradition, Ludic has been considered a transitional dialect area between Karelian and Veps, while in the Russian research tradition it is, on

ethnographic Ethnography (from Greek ''ethnos'' "folk, people, nation" and ''grapho'' "I write") is a branch of anthropology and the systematic study of individual cultures. Ethnography explores cultural phenomena from the point of view of the subject o ...

grounds, normally considered a dialect of Karelian. A status as an independent language has been proposed in recent times. Ludic is characterised by a specific mixture of Karelian-like traits (such as the diphthongisation of the Proto-Finnic non-open long vowels: e.g. *pää > ''piä'' 'head', *soo > ''suo'' 'swamp', contrast Veps ''pä'', ''so'') and Veps-like traits (such as an almost complete loss of consonant gradation).

Dialects

Ludic comprises three main dialect groups: * Northern (Lake) Ludic, at the northwestern shores of

* Central (River) Ludic, at settlements along river

Shuya Shuya may refer to: Places *Shuya (inhabited locality), name of several inhabited localities in Russia *Shuya (Karelia), Neva basin, Russia *Shuya (Kostroma Oblast), Volga basin, Russia People with the given name *, Japanese footballer *, Japanes ...

and near the city of

Petrozavodsk Petrozavodsk (russian: Петрозаводск, p=pʲɪtrəzɐˈvotsk; Karelian, Vepsian and fi, Petroskoi) is the capital city of the Republic of Karelia, Russia, which stretches along the western shore of Lake Onega for some . The populati ...

* Kuďäŕv (Forest) Ludic, in the Mikhaylovskoye rural locality The strongest Karelian resemblance is found in Northern Ludic, while the Kuďäŕv dialect shares the most features with Veps.

Phrases

ken sina oled = who are you mi tämä on = what is this kudam teiš on onni = which one of you is Onni kuspiä sina astud = where do you live mikš sina nagrad = why are you laughing kudam čuas on = what time is it konz hyö tuldah kodih = when are they coming home häin lähtöu huomei = he/she leaves tomorrow

Notes

Literature

* * * * * * * * * * * *

External links