Li Fu ( 210s–230s),

courtesy name A courtesy name ( zh, s=字, p=zì, l=character), also known as a style name, is an additional name bestowed upon individuals at adulthood, complementing their given name. This tradition is prevalent in the East Asian cultural sphere, particula ...

Sunde, was a Chinese politician of the state of

Shu Han Han (; 221–263), known in historiography as Shu Han ( ) or Ji Han ( "Junior Han"), or often shortened to Shu ( zh, t=蜀, p=Shǔ; Sichuanese Pinyin: ''Su'' < Middle Chinese: *''źjowk'' < Eastern Han Chinese: *''dźok''), was a Dynasties in ...

during the Three Kingdoms period of China.

Early life

Li Fu was born in the late Eastern Han dynasty in Fu County (涪縣), Zitong Commandery (梓潼郡), which is present-day Mianyang, Sichuan. In 214, after the warlord

Liu Bei Liu Bei (, ; ; 161 – 10 June 223), courtesy name Xuande (), was a China, Chinese warlord in the late Han dynasty#Eastern Han, Eastern Han dynasty who later became the founding Emperor of China, emperor of Shu Han, one of the Three Kingdoms of ...

seized control of Yi Province from Liu Yan's successor Liu Zhang, he recruited Li Fu to serve under him as a scribe (書佐). Li Fu later rose through the ranks to serve as the Chief of Xichongguo County (西充國縣; south of present-day Langzhong, Sichuan) and then as the Prefect of

Chengdu Chengdu; Sichuanese dialects, Sichuanese pronunciation: , Standard Chinese pronunciation: ; Chinese postal romanization, previously Romanization of Chinese, romanized as Chengtu. is the capital city of the Chinese province of Sichuan. With a ...

(成都令).

Career under Liu Bei

Following the end of the Eastern Han dynasty and the start of the Three Kingdoms period in 220, Li Fu came to serve in the state of Shu Han (or Shu), which

established in 221 and became its founding emperor. In 223, after Liu Bei's son Liu Shan became the new Shu emperor, he reassigned Li Fu to serve as the Administrator of Baxi Commandery (巴西郡; around present-day Langzhong, Sichuan). Li Fu later consecutively served as the Area Commander of Jiangzhou (江州督) and General Who Spreads Might (揚威將軍) before he was recalled to the Shu imperial capital

to serve as Supervisor of the Masters of Writing (尚書僕射) in the central government. He was also enfeoffed as the Marquis of Pingyang Village (平陽亭侯).

At Zhuge Liang's deathbed

In 234,

Zhuge Liang Zhuge Liang () (181September or October 234), also commonly known by his courtesy name Kongming, was a Chinese statesman, strategist, and inventor who lived through the End of the Han dynasty, end of the Eastern Han dynasty ( 184–220) and t ...

, the Imperial Chancellor of Shu, led Shu forces on a military campaign against Shu's rival state Wei for the fifth time since 228. This led to the Battle of Wuzhang Plains between Shu and Wei. Around September or October that year, Zhuge Liang became critically ill while both sides were locked in a stalemate at the Wuzhang Plains (near present-day Qishan County,

Shaanxi Shaanxi is a Provinces of China, province in north Northwestern China. It borders the province-level divisions of Inner Mongolia to the north; Shanxi and Henan to the east; Hubei, Chongqing, and Sichuan to the south; and Gansu and Ningxia to t ...

). During this time, the Shu emperor Liu Shan sent Li Fu to visit Zhuge Liang and consult him on plans for Shu's future. Li Fu did as instructed and noted down what Zhuge Liang told him before leaving. A few days later, while he was en route to

, Li Fu suddenly remembered that he forgot to ask Zhuge Liang something so he quickly headed back to the Wuzhang Plains. Zhuge Liang told Li Fu: "I know why you came back. Although we have spoken at length over the past few days, you still have questions for me. ' Gongyan is the most suitable' is the answer to the question you are about to ask me." Li Fu thanked him and asked: "Indeed. Earlier on, I forgot to ask you, Sir, who can take charge of state affairs after you, Sir, pass on. That's why I came back. If you don't mind me asking further, who can take charge after Jiang Wan?" Zhuge Liang replied: " Wenwei can succeed him." Li Fu continued asking but Zhuge Liang did not reply. Li Fu then left and returned to Chengdu.

Death

In the early Yanxi era (238–257) of Liu Shan's reign, when the Shu general Jiang Wan led the Shu army to attack Wei, he appointed Li Fu as an Army Supervisor (監軍) with the rank of Major (司馬). Li Fu died around the time.

Appraisal

The Shu official Yang Xi praised Li Fu for being "decisive and astute" in his ''Ji Han Fuchen Zan'' (季漢輔臣贊; pub. 241), a collection of praises of notable persons who served in Shu. The ''Yi Bu Qijiu Zaji'' also recorded that Li Fu was "competent, perceptive, decisive, astute, and shrewd in politics".

Family

Li Fu's father, Li Quan (李權), whose courtesy name was Boyu (伯豫), served as the Chief of Linqiong County (臨邛縣; present-day Qionglai, Sichuan). Around the year 190, Liu Yan, the Governor of Yi Province (covering present-day Sichuan and

Chongqing ChongqingPostal Romanization, Previously romanized as Chungking ();. is a direct-administered municipality in Southwestern China. Chongqing is one of the four direct-administered municipalities under the State Council of the People's Republi ...

), saw Li Quan and other local elites as potential threats to his control over the province, so he found excuses to have them arrested and executed. Li Fu's son, Li Xiang, had the courtesy name Shulong (叔龍), was also famous. Li Xiang served in Shu like his father and held the positions of an imperial secretary and later the Administrator of Guanghan Commandery (廣漢郡; around present-day Guanghan, Sichuan).(子驤，字叔龍，亦有名，官至尚書郎、廣漢太守。) ''Yi Bu Qijiu Zaji'' annotation in ''Sanguozhi'' vol. 45.

References

* Chen, Shou (3rd century). '' Records of the Three Kingdoms'' (''Sanguozhi''). * * Pei, Songzhi (5th century). '' Annotations to Records of the Three Kingdoms'' (''Sanguozhi zhu''). * {{DEFAULTSORT:Li, Fu Year of birth unknown Year of death unknown Shu Han government officials Politicians from Mianyang