Leopold Andrian, actually Leopold Freiherr Ferdinand von Andrian zu Werburg (May 9, 1875 in

Berlin Berlin ( ; ) is the Capital of Germany, capital and largest city of Germany, by both area and List of cities in Germany by population, population. With 3.7 million inhabitants, it has the List of cities in the European Union by population withi ...

− November 19, 1951 in

Fribourg or is the capital of the Cantons of Switzerland, Swiss canton of Canton of Fribourg, Fribourg and district of Sarine (district), La Sarine. Located on both sides of the river Saane/Sarine, on the Swiss Plateau, it is a major economic, adminis ...

) was an

Austrian Austrian may refer to: * Austrians, someone from Austria or of Austrian descent ** Someone who is considered an Austrian citizen * Austrian German dialect * Something associated with the country Austria, for example: ** Austria-Hungary ** Austria ...

author In legal discourse, an author is the creator of an original work that has been published, whether that work exists in written, graphic, visual, or recorded form. The act of creating such a work is referred to as authorship. Therefore, a sculpt ...

dramatist A playwright or dramatist is a person who writes plays, which are a form of drama that primarily consists of dialogue between characters and is intended for theatrical performance rather than just reading. Ben Jonson coined the term "playwri ...

and

diplomat A diplomat (from ; romanization, romanized ''diploma'') is a person appointed by a state (polity), state, International organization, intergovernmental, or Non-governmental organization, nongovernmental institution to conduct diplomacy with one ...

Life and career

Andrian came from the Andrian-Werburg noble family. He was a grandson of the German Jewish opera composer

Giacomo Meyerbeer Giacomo Meyerbeer (born Jakob Liebmann Meyer Beer; 5 September 1791 – 2 May 1864) was a German opera composer, "the most frequently performed opera composer during the nineteenth century, linking Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart, Mozart and Richard Wa ...

and the brother of

psychologist A psychologist is a professional who practices psychology and studies mental states, perceptual, cognitive, emotional, and social processes and behavior. Their work often involves the experimentation, observation, and explanation, interpretatio ...

Gabriele von Wartensleben Gabriele von Wartensleben (24 April 1870 – 12 August 1953) was a German psychologist who published the first academic statement on Gestalt theory. She additionally was the first woman to receive a PhD in psychology from University of Vienna t ...

(1870-1953). Amongst his friends were

Arthur Schnitzler Arthur Schnitzler (15 May 1862 – 21 October 1931) was an Austrian author and dramatist. He is considered one of the most significant representatives of Viennese Modernism. Schnitzler’s works, which include psychological dramas and narratives ...

Stefan George Stefan Anton George (; 12 July 18684 December 1933) was a German symbolist poet and a translator of Dante Alighieri, William Shakespeare, Hesiod, and Charles Baudelaire. He is also known for his role as leader of the highly influential liter ...

and

Hugo von Hofmannsthal Hugo Laurenz August Hofmann von Hofmannsthal (; 1 February 1874 – 15 July 1929) was an Austrian novelist, libretto, librettist, Poetry, poet, Playwdramatist, narrator, and essayist. Early life Hofmannsthal was born in Landstraße, Vienna, th ...

. After studying Law he began a diplomatic career in the

Ministry of Foreign Affairs In many countries, the ministry of foreign affairs (abbreviated as MFA or MOFA) is the highest government department exclusively or primarily responsible for the state's foreign policy and relations, diplomacy, bilateral, and multilateral r ...

Austria-Hungary Austria-Hungary, also referred to as the Austro-Hungarian Empire, the Dual Monarchy or the Habsburg Monarchy, was a multi-national constitutional monarchy in Central Europe#Before World War I, Central Europe between 1867 and 1918. A military ...

. He became an expert for

Russia Russia, or the Russian Federation, is a country spanning Eastern Europe and North Asia. It is the list of countries and dependencies by area, largest country in the world, and extends across Time in Russia, eleven time zones, sharing Borders ...

and

Poland Poland, officially the Republic of Poland, is a country in Central Europe. It extends from the Baltic Sea in the north to the Sudetes and Carpathian Mountains in the south, bordered by Lithuania and Russia to the northeast, Belarus and Ukrai ...

and a close advisor of minister

Count Leopold Berchtold Leopold Anton Johann Sigismund Josef Korsinus Ferdinand Graf Berchtold von und zu Ungarschitz, Frättling und Püllütz (, ) (18 April 1863 – 21 November 1942) was an Austro-Hungarian politician, diplomat and statesman who served as Imperial ...

. In Berchtold's order Andrian outlined the war aims of the

Habsburg monarchy The Habsburg monarchy, also known as Habsburg Empire, or Habsburg Realm (), was the collection of empires, kingdoms, duchies, counties and other polities (composite monarchy) that were ruled by the House of Habsburg. From the 18th century it is ...

at the beginning of

World War I World War I or the First World War (28 July 1914 – 11 November 1918), also known as the Great War, was a World war, global conflict between two coalitions: the Allies of World War I, Allies (or Entente) and the Central Powers. Fighting to ...

. After the war he worked for the

Burgtheater The Burgtheater (; literally: "Castle Theater" but alternatively translated as "(Imperial) Court Theater", originally known as '' K.K. Theater an der Burg'', then until 1918 as the ''K.K. Hofburgtheater'', is the national theater of Austria in ...

in Vienna and the

Salzburg Festival The Salzburg Festival () is a prominent festival of music and drama established in 1920. It is held each summer, for five weeks starting in late July, in Salzburg, Austria, the birthplace of Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart. Mozart's operas are a focus of ...

. He wrote especially lyrics in the style

Symbolism Symbolism or symbolist may refer to: *Symbol, any object or sign that represents an idea Arts *Artistic symbol, an element of a literary, visual, or other work of art that represents an idea ** Color symbolism, the use of colors within various c ...

and

Impressionism Impressionism was a 19th-century art movement characterized by visible brush strokes, open Composition (visual arts), composition, emphasis on accurate depiction of light in its changing qualities (often accentuating the effects of the passage ...

Works

* ''Der Garten der Erkenntnis.'' Erzählung. Schmidt-Dengler, Graz 1895. * ''Gedichte.'' De Zilverdistel, Haarlem 1913. * ''Das Fest der Jugend. Des Gartens der Erkenntnis erster Teil und die Jugendgedichte.'' Fischer, Berlin 1919. * ''Die Ständeordnung des Alls. Rationales Weltbild eines katholischen Dichters.'' Kösel & Pustet, München 1930. * ''Österreich im Prisma der Idee. Katechismus der Führenden.'' Schmidt-Dengler, Graz 1937. * ''Das Fest der Jugend. Die Jugendgedichte und ein Sonett.'' Schmidt-Dengler, Graz 1948. * ''Leopold Andrian und die Blätter für die Kunst.'' Gedichte, Briefwechsel mit Stefan George und anderes. Mit einer Einleitung hrsg. von Walter H. Perl. Hauswedell, Hamburg 1960. * ''Frühe Gedichte.'' Walter H. Perl (ed). Hauswedell, Hamburg 1972. *
Fragmente aus "Erwin und Elmire".
' Joëlle Stoupy (ed). Castrum-Peregrini, Amsterdam 1993. * ''Der Garten der Erkenntnis und andere Dichtungen.'' Dieter Sudhoff (ed). Igel, Oldenburg 2003, .

External links

''Leopold Andrian: Le Jardin de la connaissance''
(French) {{DEFAULTSORT:Andrian, Leopold Young Vienna LGBTQ diplomats Austrian LGBTQ poets German barons Diplomats for Austria-Hungary Austrian people of German-Jewish descent Writers from Berlin 1875 births 1951 deaths Austrian Roman Catholics Austrian male poets 20th-century Austrian dramatists and playwrights Austrian male dramatists and playwrights Austrian LGBTQ dramatists and playwrights Jewish dramatists and playwrights 20th-century Austrian poets 20th-century Austrian male writers Privy Councillor (Russian Empire) Austrian monarchists Diplomats from Austria-Hungary