Laurence Marvin Sandler (1929–1987) was a "leading ''
Drosophila
''Drosophila'' () is a genus of flies, belonging to the family Drosophilidae, whose members are often called "small fruit flies" or (less frequently) pomace flies, vinegar flies, or wine flies, a reference to the characteristic of many s ...
'' geneticist",
Dan Lindsley
Dan Lindsley (October 13, 1925 – June 22, 2018) was an American geneticist known for his '' Drosophila'' research.
Lindsley was born on October 13, 1925, and raised in California. He attended the University of Texas while serving in the United ...
"Larry Sandler: Personal Recollections"
''Genetics
Genetics is the study of genes, genetic variation, and heredity in organisms.Hartl D, Jones E (2005) It is an important branch in biology because heredity is vital to organisms' evolution. Gregor Mendel, a Moravian Augustinian friar worki ...
'' 151: 1233–1237 (April 1999) active during the mid-20th century. Sandler is best known for his work establishing and elucidating the phenomenon of
meiotic drive
Meiotic drive is a type of intragenomic conflict, whereby one or more loci within a genome will effect a manipulation of the meiotic process in such a way as to favor the transmission of one or more alleles over another, regardless of its phenotypi ...
. (Meiotic drive is when one copy of a gene is passed on to offspring more than the expected 50% of the time.)
Sandler earned a B.S. at
Cornell University
Cornell University is a private statutory land-grant research university based in Ithaca, New York. It is a member of the Ivy League. Founded in 1865 by Ezra Cornell and Andrew Dickson White, Cornell was founded with the intention to ...
and did his doctoral work with
Ed Novitski
Ed, ed or ED may refer to:
Arts and entertainment
* ''Ed'' (film), a 1996 film starring Matt LeBlanc
* Ed (''Fullmetal Alchemist'') or Edward Elric, a character in ''Fullmetal Alchemist'' media
* ''Ed'' (TV series), a TV series that ran fro ...
at the
University of Missouri
The University of Missouri (Mizzou, MU, or Missouri) is a public land-grant research university in Columbia, Missouri. It is Missouri's largest university and the flagship of the four-campus University of Missouri System. MU was founded ...
, where he collaborated with
Gerry Braver.
[Dan Lindsley]
"Larry Sandler: The Father of Meiotic Drive"
''The American Naturalist'', Vol. 137, No. 3, pp.283-286 (March 1991). Braver and Sandler discovered that meiotic
chromosomal loss was one driver of allelic variation in natural populations,
(Sandler & Braver 1954.) a phenomenon coined "
meiotic drive
Meiotic drive is a type of intragenomic conflict, whereby one or more loci within a genome will effect a manipulation of the meiotic process in such a way as to favor the transmission of one or more alleles over another, regardless of its phenotypi ...
" in a follow-up paper by Sandler and Novitski.
(Sandler & Novitski 1957.) Sandler also collaborated with Iris Sandler, his wife and fellow scientist, who also worked as a graduate student in Novitski's lab.
In 1956, Sandler briefly joined the Biology Division at
Oak Ridge National Laboratory
Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) is a U.S. multiprogram science and technology national laboratory sponsored by the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) and administered, managed, and operated by UT–Battelle as a federally funded research an ...
, where Sandler and Dan Lindsley worked on sperm dysfunction.
After joining the lab of
Jim Crow
The Jim Crow laws were state and local laws enforcing racial segregation in the Southern United States. Other areas of the United States were affected by formal and informal policies of segregation as well, but many states outside the Sout ...
at the
University of Wisconsin
A university () is an institution of higher (or tertiary) education and research which awards academic degrees in several academic disciplines. ''University'' is derived from the Latin phrase ''universitas magistrorum et scholarium'', which ...
, Sandler and
Yuichiro Hiraizumi began working on
segregation distortion, publishing several papers together.
[B. Ganetzky, "Yuichiro Hiraizumi and forty years of segregation distortion", ''Genetics'' (1999).]
Sandler moved to the
University of Washington
The University of Washington (UW, simply Washington, or informally U-Dub) is a public research university in Seattle, Washington.
Founded in 1861, Washington is one of the oldest universities on the West Coast; it was established in Seat ...
in 1962.
There he supervised numerous graduate students who joined the field, including
Bruce Baker,
Adelaide T. Carpenter, Ian Duncan,
Barry Ganetzky Barry may refer to:
People and fictional characters
* Barry (name), including lists of people with the given name, nickname or surname, as well as fictional characters with the given name
* Dancing Barry, stage name of Barry Richards (born c. 1950 ...
,
Larry Goldstein
Lawrence S.B. Goldstein (born February 20, 1956, in Buffalo, New York) is a professor of cellular and molecular medicine at University of California, San Diego and investigator with the Howard Hughes Medical Institute. He receives grant fundin ...
,
Kent Golic,
Jeff Hall,
Scott Hawley, Jim Mason,
John Merriam,
Joe O'Tousa
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Arts
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* ''Joe'' (2013 film), starring Nicolas Cage
* ''Joe'' (TV series), a British TV series airing from 1966 to 1971
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,
Leonard Robbins
Leonard or ''Leo'' is a common English masculine given name and a surname.
The given name and surname originate from the Old High German ''Leonhard'' containing the prefix ''levon'' ("lion") from the Greek Λέων ("lion") through the Latin '' L ...
,
Paul Szauter
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*Paul (given name), a given name (includes a list of people with that name)
* Paul (surname), a list of people
People
Christianity
*Paul the Apostle (AD c.5–c.64/65), also known as Saul of Tarsus or Saint Paul, early Chri ...
, Bill Sullivan,
Jon Tomkiel
Jon is a shortened form of the common given name Jonathan, derived from "YHWH has given", and an alternate spelling of John, derived from "YHWH has pardoned".Glenn Yasuda
Berkeley Bowl is an independent grocery store in Berkeley, California. Founded by Glenn and Diane Yasuda, it sells organic and natural products and is known for its extensive produce section. In 2008, the ''Los Angeles Times'' wrote that it wa ...
.
Sandler was professionally active, involved in the founding of the
Drosophila Research Conference
The Drosophila Research Conference, informally known as "the fly meeting", is an annual meeting of ''Drosophila'' researchers held in North America since 1958. Dan Lindsley"Larry Sandler: Personal Recollections" ''Genetics'' 151: 1233–1237 (April ...
, and transferring it to the
Genetics Society of America
The Genetics Society of America (GSA) is a scholarly membership society of more than 5,500 genetics researchers and educators, established in 1931. The Society was formed from the reorganization of the Joint Genetics Sections of the
American Soci ...
.
He was also involved with other conferences, including the International Congress of Genetics, and as editor with numerous genetics journals, including ''
Annual Review of Genetics
The ''Annual Review of Genetics'' is an annual peer-reviewed scientific review journal published by Annual Reviews. It was established in 1967 and covers all topics related to the genetics of viruses, bacteria, fungi, plants, and animals, includi ...
'' and ''
Genetics
Genetics is the study of genes, genetic variation, and heredity in organisms.Hartl D, Jones E (2005) It is an important branch in biology because heredity is vital to organisms' evolution. Gregor Mendel, a Moravian Augustinian friar worki ...
''.
Sandler was married to fellow scientist Iris Sandler, who ultimately became a
historian of science
The history of science covers the development of science from ancient times to the present. It encompasses all three major branches of science: natural, social, and formal.
Science's earliest roots can be traced to Ancient Egypt and Mesopo ...
.
The couple had two children, Jack and Dee Sandler.
He died in 1987.
Significant papers
* Sandler & Braver 1954, "The meiotic behavior of grossly deleted X chromosomes in ''Drosophila melanogaster''", ''Genetics'' v.43, pp. 547–563.
* Sandler & Novitski 1957, "Meiotic drive as an evolutionary force," ''
American Naturalist
''The American Naturalist'' is the monthly peer-reviewed scientific journal of the American Society of Naturalists, whose purpose is "to advance and to diffuse knowledge of organic evolution and other broad biological principles so as to enhance th ...
'' v.91, pp. 105–110.
* D. L. Lindsley & L. Sandler, 1958, "The meiotic behavior of grossly deleted X chromosomes in ''Drosophila melanogaster''", ''Genetics'', 43:547-563.
* Larry Sandler and
Yuichiro Hiraizumi, 1960, "Meiotic drive in natural populations of ''Drosophila melanogaster''", ''Genetics'', 45:1671-1689 ("On the nature of the ''SD'' region").
Awards and recognition
* Honoree of the
Larry Sandler Memorial Award
The Larry Sandler Memorial Award is a prestigious international award given for research in the ''Drosophila'' community. The award is given for the best dissertation of the preceding year, and is given at the annual Drosophila Research Conferen ...
, for the best ''
Drosophila
''Drosophila'' () is a genus of flies, belonging to the family Drosophilidae, whose members are often called "small fruit flies" or (less frequently) pomace flies, vinegar flies, or wine flies, a reference to the characteristic of many s ...
''-related dissertation
* 1991 Memorial Symposium on
Meiotic Drive
Meiotic drive is a type of intragenomic conflict, whereby one or more loci within a genome will effect a manipulation of the meiotic process in such a way as to favor the transmission of one or more alleles over another, regardless of its phenotypi ...
, published in ''American Naturalist'' (1991)
* Annual Sandler Lecture hosted by the genetics department at the University of Washington
References
*
Dan Lindsley
Dan Lindsley (October 13, 1925 – June 22, 2018) was an American geneticist known for his '' Drosophila'' research.
Lindsley was born on October 13, 1925, and raised in California. He attended the University of Texas while serving in the United ...
"Larry Sandler: Personal Recollections" ''
Genetics
Genetics is the study of genes, genetic variation, and heredity in organisms.Hartl D, Jones E (2005) It is an important branch in biology because heredity is vital to organisms' evolution. Gregor Mendel, a Moravian Augustinian friar worki ...
'' 151: 1233–1237 (April 1999)
"Larry Sandler: The Father of Meiotic Drive" ''The American Naturalist'', Vol. 137, No. 3, pp. 283–286 (March 1991).
*
Scott Hawley, "Meiosis as an "M"Thing: Twenty-Five Years of Meiotic Mutants in ''Drosophila''", ''Genetics'' (1993)
* B. Ganetzky, "Yuichiro Hiraizumi and Forty Years of Segregation Distortion", ''Genetics'' 1999
; Notes
{{DEFAULTSORT:Sandler, Larry
1929 births
1987 deaths
American geneticists
Cornell University alumni
University of Missouri alumni
University of Wisconsin–Madison faculty
University of Washington faculty