Qilu Lake () is a plateau lake in
Yunnan Province
Yunnan; is an inland Provinces of China, province in Southwestern China. The province spans approximately and has a population of 47.2 million (as of 2020). The capital of the province is Kunming. The province borders the Chinese provinces ...
, in southwestern
China
China, officially the People's Republic of China (PRC), is a country in East Asia. With population of China, a population exceeding 1.4 billion, it is the list of countries by population (United Nations), second-most populous country after ...
. The lake has a total area of about 36.86 square kilometers. The average depth is 4.03 m, with an elevation of 1796.75 m. the water storage capacity is about 1.486×10
8m
3.
The lake is named after the Qilu mountain (nowadays called Xiushan), directly south of Tonghai county seat. During the
Yuan dynasty
The Yuan dynasty ( ; zh, c=元朝, p=Yuáncháo), officially the Great Yuan (; Mongolian language, Mongolian: , , literally 'Great Yuan State'), was a Mongol-led imperial dynasty of China and a successor state to the Mongol Empire after Div ...
, the lake used to be larger and reach up to the base of this mountain. The lake has no outlet rivers, but water can leave the area through
karst
Karst () is a topography formed from the dissolution of soluble carbonate rocks such as limestone and Dolomite (rock), dolomite. It is characterized by features like poljes above and drainage systems with sinkholes and caves underground. Ther ...
caves.
It has a rich aquatic life, supporting a large population of
shrimp
A shrimp (: shrimp (American English, US) or shrimps (British English, UK)) is a crustacean with an elongated body and a primarily Aquatic locomotion, swimming mode of locomotion – typically Decapods belonging to the Caridea or Dendrobranchi ...
,
carp
The term carp (: carp) is a generic common name for numerous species of freshwater fish from the family (biology), family Cyprinidae, a very large clade of ray-finned fish mostly native to Eurasia. While carp are prized game fish, quarries and a ...
,
black carp
The black carp (''Mylopharyngodon piceus'') or Chinese black roach is a species of freshwater ray-finned fish belonging to the family Xenocyprididae, the East Asian minnows or sharpbellies. The black carp is the sole extant species of the genus ' ...
,
herring
Herring are various species of forage fish, belonging to the Order (biology), order Clupeiformes.
Herring often move in large Shoaling and schooling, schools around fishing banks and near the coast, found particularly in shallow, temperate wate ...
, and
catfish
Catfish (or catfishes; order (biology), order Siluriformes or Nematognathi) are a diverse group of ray-finned fish. Catfish are common name, named for their prominent barbel (anatomy), barbels, which resemble a cat's whiskers, though not ...
.
[History]
kunming.cn
According to local legend, the area around the lake used to be flooded and was called Tonghai. A monk used a
shippei
A is a bamboo staff which curves slightly, approximately 15 inches (or half a metreKoun, 205-206) long, which is used as a "symbol of a Zen master's authority" in Zen Buddhism.Baroni, 300 In contrast to the ''keisaku'', the shippei was often used ...
to make a hole in the lake bed and allow water to flow out.
[
In the 20th century, the lake size was reduced due to ]soil erosion
Soil erosion is the denudation or wearing away of the Topsoil, upper layer of soil. It is a form of soil degradation. This natural process is caused by the dynamic activity of erosive agents, that is, water, ice (glaciers), snow, Atmosphere of Ea ...
and land reclamation, as well as the lake becoming polluted. Since the 1990s, measures have been taken to reverse this.[
]
Notes
{{Lakes of China
Lakes of Yunnan
Geography of Yuxi