Kuratowski and Ryll-Nardzewski measurable selection theorem
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In mathematics, the Kuratowski–Ryll-Nardzewski measurable selection theorem is a result from
measure theory In mathematics, the concept of a measure is a generalization and formalization of geometrical measures ( length, area, volume) and other common notions, such as mass and probability of events. These seemingly distinct concepts have many simil ...
that gives a sufficient condition for a
set-valued function A set-valued function (or correspondence) is a mathematical function that maps elements from one set, the domain of the function, to subsets of another set. Set-valued functions are used in a variety of mathematical fields, including optimizatio ...
to have a measurable
selection function A choice function (selector, selection) is a mathematical function ''f'' that is defined on some collection ''X'' of nonempty Set (mathematics), sets and assigns some element of each set ''S'' in that collection to ''S'' by ''f''(''S''); ''f''('' ...
. It is named after the Polish mathematicians
Kazimierz Kuratowski Kazimierz Kuratowski (; 2 February 1896 – 18 June 1980) was a Polish mathematician and logician. He was one of the leading representatives of the Warsaw School of Mathematics. Biography and studies Kazimierz Kuratowski was born in Warsaw, (th ...
and
Czesław Ryll-Nardzewski Czesław Ryll-Nardzewski (; 7 October 1926 – 18 September 2015) was a Polish mathematician. Born in Wilno, Second Polish Republic (now Vilnius, Lithuania), he was a student of Hugo Steinhaus. At the age of 26 he became professor at Warsaw Univ ...
. Many classical selection results follow from this theorem and it is widely used in
mathematical economics Mathematical economics is the application of mathematical methods to represent theories and analyze problems in economics. Often, these applied methods are beyond simple geometry, and may include differential and integral calculus, difference an ...
and
optimal control Optimal control theory is a branch of mathematical optimization that deals with finding a control for a dynamical system over a period of time such that an objective function is optimized. It has numerous applications in science, engineering and ...
.


Statement of the theorem

Let X be a
Polish space In the mathematical discipline of general topology, a Polish space is a separable completely metrizable topological space; that is, a space homeomorphic to a complete metric space that has a countable dense subset. Polish spaces are so named bec ...
, \mathcal (X) the
Borel Borel may refer to: People * Borel (author), 18th-century French playwright * Jacques Brunius, Borel (1906–1967), pseudonym of the French actor Jacques Henri Cottance * Émile Borel (1871 – 1956), a French mathematician known for his founding ...
σ-algebra of X , (\Omega, \mathcal) a
measurable space In mathematics, a measurable space or Borel space is a basic object in measure theory. It consists of a set and a σ-algebra, which defines the subsets that will be measured. Definition Consider a set X and a σ-algebra \mathcal A on X. Then the ...
and \psi a multifunction on \Omega taking values in the set of nonempty closed subsets of X . Suppose that \psi is \mathcal -weakly measurable, that is, for every open subset U of X , we have :\ \in \mathcal. Then \psi has a
selection Selection may refer to: Science * Selection (biology), also called natural selection, selection in evolution ** Sex selection, in genetics ** Mate selection, in mating ** Sexual selection in humans, in human sexuality ** Human mating strategie ...
that is \mathcal - \mathcal (X) -measurable.V. I. Bogachev
"Measure Theory"
Volume II, page 36.


See also

*
Selection theorem In functional analysis, a branch of mathematics, a selection theorem is a theorem that guarantees the existence of a single-valued selection function from a given set-valued map. There are various selection theorems, and they are important in the t ...


References

Descriptive set theory Theorems in functional analysis Theorems in measure theory {{mathanalysis-stub