The Kubrawiya order ( ar, سلسلة کبرویة) or Kubrawi order,
also known as ''Firdausia Silsila'', is a
Sufi order that traces its spiritual lineage (''
Silsilah'') to the Islamic prophet,
Muhammad
Muhammad ( ar, مُحَمَّد; 570 – 8 June 632 CE) was an Arab religious, social, and political leader and the founder of Islam. According to Islamic doctrine, he was a prophet divinely inspired to preach and confirm the mo ...
, through
Ali, Muhammad's cousin, son-in-law and the First Imam. This is in contrast to most other Sufi orders that trace their lineage to Ali. The Kubrawiya order is named after its 13th-century founder
Najm al-Din Kubra
Najm ad-Dīn Kubrà ( fa, نجمالدین کبری) was a 13th-century Khwarezmian Sufi from Khwarezm and the founder of the Kubrawiya, influential in the Ilkhanate and Timurid dynasty. His method, exemplary of a "golden age" of Sufi metaphy ...
, who lived in
Konye-Urgench
Konye-Urgench ( tk, Köneürgenç / Көнеүргенч; fa, کهنه گرگانج, ''Kuhna Gurgānj'', literally "Old Gurgānj"), also known as Old Urgench or Urganj, is a city of about 30,000 inhabitants in north Turkmenistan, just south fro ...
under the
Khwarazmian dynasty
The Anushtegin dynasty or Anushteginids (English: , fa, ), also known as the Khwarazmian dynasty ( fa, ) was a Persianate C. E. BosworthKhwarazmshahs i. Descendants of the line of Anuštigin In Encyclopaedia Iranica, online ed., 2009: ''" ...
(present day
Turkmenistan
Turkmenistan ( or ; tk, Türkmenistan / Түркменистан, ) is a country located in Central Asia, bordered by Kazakhstan to the northwest, Uzbekistan to the north, east and northeast, Afghanistan to the southeast, Iran to the sout ...
). The
Mongols
The Mongols ( mn, Монголчууд, , , ; ; russian: Монголы) are an East Asian ethnic group native to Mongolia, Inner Mongolia in China and the Buryatia Republic of the Russian Federation. The Mongols are the principal membe ...
captured Konye-Urgench in 1221 and killed much of the population including Sheikh Najmuddin Kubra.
The Kubrawiya order places emphasis on being a universal approach.
[{{citation, last=Stump, first=Roger W., title=The Geography of Religion: Faith, Place, and Space, url=https://books.google.com/books?id=IBHx1n3rDe4C&pg=PA196, year=2008, publisher=Rowman & Littlefield Publishers, isbn=978-0-7425-8149-4, pages=196–]
It is popular in eastern India, Bangladesh and Mauritius and some areas of Pakistan as well.
Branches
Mir Sayyid Ali Hamadani
Mir Sayyid Ali Hamadani ( fa, میر سید علی همدانی; CE) was a Persian scholar, poet and a Sufi Muslim saint of the Kubrawiya order. He was born in Hamadan, Iran and preached Islam in Central Asia and Kashmir as he travelled to p ...
was the second founder of the Kubrawiyyah order and expanded in parts of today's India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, China, and Central Asian countries in the 14th century. In Iran the Kubrawiya order was split into branches after Khwaja Ishaq Khatlani succeed the founder. Eventually, differences within the order had arisen between the two claimants to succeed the leadership in which one group called themselves the Nurbakshia group comprising the supporters of Nurbaksh while the other group supported Barzish Abadi who was based in
Mashhad.
The
Noorbakshia are seen in areas small population in Baltistan. The other attributed to Syed Abdullah Barzish Abadi and it spread first in Khorasan, then spread in other countries.
Sufism, Sufis, and Sufi Orders: Sufism's Many Paths
/ref>
Notable Kubrawiya
* Najm al-Dīn Rāzī Dāya (1177–1256)
* Saʿd al-Dīn al-Ḥamuwayī (1190–1260)
* Sayf al-Dīn Bākharzī (1190–1261)
* Emīr Sulṭān (1368–1429)
* Ḥamza Makhdūm (1495–1576)
References
Further reading
Encyclopædia Iranica: Kobrawiya - The Order
External links
(kubrawi.org)
Sufia Imamia Noorbakhshia
(University of Georgia)
Maktab Tarighat Oveyssi Shahmaghsoudi
(Nurbakhshi Kubrawi)
Sufi orders