Kauman Great Mosque, approximate English translation of Javanese Mesjid Gedhe Kauman (; officially ''Mesjid Gedhe Kauman Karaton Ngayogyakarta Hadiningrat''), is a Great Mosque of the

Yogyakarta Sultanate The Sultanate of Yogyakarta, officially the Sultanate of Ngayogyakarta Hadiningrat ( ; ), is a Javanese monarchy in Yogyakarta Special Region, in the Republic of Indonesia. The current head of the sultanate is Hamengkubuwono X. Yogyakart ...

Java Java is one of the Greater Sunda Islands in Indonesia. It is bordered by the Indian Ocean to the south and the Java Sea (a part of Pacific Ocean) to the north. With a population of 156.9 million people (including Madura) in mid 2024, proje ...

, Indonesia. It is located to the west of the North '' Alun-alun'' (public square) of Yogyakarta Kraton.

History

The mosque was established in Kauman, an Islamic quarter near the kraton, whose establishment is strongly related to the establishment of Yogyakarta in 1756 and the arrival of foreign Muslim leaders. Kauman Great Mosque was established by Hamengkubuwono I together with Kyai Faqih Ibrahim Diponingrat (the first headman of the Kraton) and Kyai Wiryokusumo as the architect. It was built on Ahad (Sunday)

Wage A wage is payment made by an employer to an employee for work (human activity), work done in a specific period of time. Some examples of wage payments include wiktionary:compensatory, compensatory payments such as ''minimum wage'', ''prevailin ...

, May 29, 1773 or 6 Rabi'ul Akhir 1187 in

Islamic Calendar The Hijri calendar (), also known in English as the Islamic calendar, is a lunar calendar consisting of 12 lunar months in a year of 354 or 355 days. It is used to determine the proper days of Islamic holidays and rituals, such as the Ramad ...

Architecture

Kauman Great Mosque is built in a typical religious Javanese architecture with its triple-tiered roof, lack of minaret, and a serambi. Kauman Great Mosque is built in over a walled complex. The main ceremonial gateway is located on the east side and on the north side. A three-leveled

minbar A minbar (; sometimes romanized as ''mimber'') is a pulpit in a mosque where the imam (leader of prayers) stands to deliver sermons (, ''khutbah''). It is also used in other similar contexts, such as in a Hussainiya where the speaker sits and le ...

is located to the west (the

qibla The qibla () is the direction towards the Kaaba in the Great Mosque of Mecca, Sacred Mosque in Mecca, which is used by Muslims in various religious contexts, particularly the direction of prayer for the salah. In Islam, the Kaaba is believed to ...

direction). The mosque also contains a roofed main verandah (''serambi''), a basic feature in Javanese architecture. The verandah is surrounded with a small pond, which was used to wash the feet before entering the mosque. The frontyard of the mosque is grown with trees considered beneficial in Javanese symbology. To the north and south of the courtyard are tall pavilions known as ''pagongan''. The north-side is called Pagongan Ler ("northern pagongan") and the south-side is called Pagongan Kidul ("southern pagongan"). During Sekaten ceremony, Pagonan Ler is used to place the

gamelan Gamelan (; ; , ; ) is the traditional musical ensemble, ensemble music of the Javanese people, Javanese, Sundanese people, Sundanese, and Balinese people, Balinese peoples of Indonesia, made up predominantly of percussion instrument, per ...

set of Kyai Naga Wilaga, while the Pagongan Kidul is used to place the gamelan set of Kangjeng Kyai Guntur Madu.

Picture

File:Serambi Masjid Agung Yogyakarta.jpg , The ''serambi'' (verandah) of Kauman Great Mosque. File:Ornamen masjid.jpg , Wooden ceiling of the ''serambi'' File:Kubah Masjid Agung Yogyakarta.jpg , Mustaka, ornament on top of the mosque. Jogja - Mesjid Gedhe Kauman Karaton Ngayogyakarta Hadiningrat (2025) - img 05.jpg, Side profile of the mosque Jogja - Mesjid Gedhe Kauman Karaton Ngayogyakarta Hadiningrat (2025) - img 14.jpg, Gateway building Jogja - Mesjid Gedhe Kauman Karaton Ngayogyakarta Hadiningrat (2025) - img 17.jpg, Other structures Jogja - Mesjid Gedhe Kauman Karaton Ngayogyakarta Hadiningrat (2025) - img 16.jpg, Other structures

References

{{mosques in Indonesia Buildings and structures in Yogyakarta Religious buildings and structures completed in 1773 Javanese architecture Mosques in the Special Region of Yogyakarta 18th-century mosques in Asia Religious buildings and structures in Java Kauman Mosques completed in the 1770s