Kalisz Voivodeship 1314–1793 (
Polish: ''Województwo Kaliskie'',
Latin
Latin (, or , ) is a classical language belonging to the Italic branch of the Indo-European languages. Latin was originally a dialect spoken in the lower Tiber area (then known as Latium) around present-day Rome, but through the power of the ...
: ''Palatinatus Calisiensis'') was an administrative unit of Poland from 1314 to the
Second Partition of Poland
The 1793 Second Partition of Poland was the second of three partitions (or partial annexations) that ended the existence of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth by 1795. The second partition occurred in the aftermath of the Polish–Russian W ...
in 1793. It was part of the
Greater Polish ''
Province
A province is almost always an administrative division within a country or state. The term derives from the ancient Roman '' provincia'', which was the major territorial and administrative unit of the Roman Empire's territorial possessions ou ...
''. Its capital was in
Kalisz
(The oldest city of Poland)
, image_skyline =
, image_caption = ''Top:'' Town Hall, Former "Calisia" Piano Factory''Middle:'' Courthouse, "Gołębnik" tenement''Bottom:'' Aerial view of the Kalisz Old Town
, image_flag = POL Kalisz flag.svg ...
, and together with neighboring
Poznań Voivodeship
Poznań Voivodeship was the name of several former administrative regions (''województwo'', rendered as ''voivodeship'' and usually translated as "province") in Poland, centered on the city of Poznań, although the exact boundaries changed over t ...
, Kalisz elected general
starosta of Greater Poland. The
sejmik
A sejmik (, diminutive of ''sejm'', occasionally translated as a ''dietine''; lt, seimelis) was one of various local parliaments in the history of Poland and history of Lithuania. The first sejmiks were regional assemblies in the Kingdom of ...
s for the two voivodeships took place at
Środa Wielkopolska
Środa Wielkopolska (until 1968 ''Środa''; german: Schroda) is a town in western-central Poland, situated in the Greater Poland Voivodeship, about southeast of Poznań, with 22,001 inhabitants (2009). It is the seat of Środa Wielkopolska Count ...
, while general sejmik for the whole Province of Greater Poland took place in
Koło
Koło (; during the German occupation called ''Wartbrücken'' in 1940–41, ''Warthbrücken'' in 1941–45) is a town on the Warta River in central Poland with 23,101 inhabitants (2006). It is situated in the Greater Poland Voivodship (since 199 ...
, at the Bernardine Abbey.
The territory of the voivodeship remained unchanged from 1314 until 1768, when
Gniezno Voivodeship was carved out of its northern three counties. Its original area was 15,320 km
2., but after 1768 it shrank to 7,810 km
2. Local starostas resided at Kalisz,
Gniezno
Gniezno (; german: Gnesen; la, Gnesna) is a city in central-western Poland, about east of Poznań. Its population in 2021 was 66,769, making it the sixth-largest city in the Greater Poland Voivodeship. One of the Piast dynasty's chief cities, ...
,
Konin
Konin (german: Kunau) is a city in central Poland, on the Warta River. It is the capital of Konin County and is located within the Greater Poland Voivodeship. Prior to 1999, it was the capital of the Konin Voivodeship (1975–1998). In 2021 the p ...
,
Kcynia
Kcynia (german: Exin) is a town in Nakło County, Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship, Poland, with 4,712 inhabitants (2004). It is located in the Pałuki ethnographic region in the northern part of historic Greater Poland.
History
Kcynia started ...
,
Naklo,
Pyzdry, and
Złotów
Złotów (german: Flatow) is a town in northwestern Poland, with a population of 18,303 inhabitants (2011). Today it is part of Greater Poland Voivodeship (province), previously being in Piła Voivodeship (1975–1998). Since 1999 Złotów has b ...
. Kalisz Voivodeship had eight senators. These were: Archbishop of Gniezno, Voivode of Kalisz (who resided at the Kalisz Royal Castle), Castellan of Kalisz, Castellan of Gniezno, and Castellans of
Ląd,
Nakło nad Notecią
Nakło nad Notecią (Polish pronunciation: ; german: Nakel an der Netze) is a town in northern Poland on the river Noteć with 23,687 inhabitants (2007). It is the seat of Nakło County, and also of Gmina Nakło nad Notecią, situated in the Kuya ...
,
Biechowo, and
Kamieńsk.
Zygmunt Gloger
Zygmunt Gloger (3 November 1845 in Tybory-Kamianka – 16 August 1910 in Warsaw) was a Polish historian, archaeologist, geographer and ethnographer, bearer of the Wilczekosy coat of arms. Gloger founded the precursor of modern and widely popu ...
in his monumental book ''Historical Geography of the Lands of Old Poland'' gives a detailed description of Kalisz Voivodeship:
"Kalisz Voivodeship made eastern half of Greater Poland proper (...) In the
testament of Bolesław III Krzywousty
A testament is a document that the author has sworn to be true. In law it usually means last will and testament.
Testament or The Testament can also refer to:
Books
* ''Testament'' (comic book), a 2005 comic book
* ''Testament'', a thriller nov ...
, the Land of Kalisz, as part of Greater Poland, was granted to Duke
Mieszko III the Old
Mieszko III the Old (c. 1126/27 – 13 March 1202), of the Piast dynasty, was Duke of Greater Poland from 1138 and High Duke of Poland, with interruptions, from 1173 until his death.
He was the fourth and second surviving son of Duke Bolesła ...
. His two grandsons,
Przemysł I of Greater Poland
Przemysł I (4 June 1221 – 4 June 1257), a member of the Piast dynasty, was Duke of Greater Poland from 1239 until his death, from 1241 with his brother Bolesław the Pious as co-ruler. He was able to re-acquire large parts of Greater Poland, r ...
and
Bolesław the Pious divided Greater Poland in 1247. Przemyslaw, the older brother, controlled Gniezno and Poznań, while Boleslaw ruled Kalisz (...) In the late 14th century, the Duchy of Kalisz was seized by
Wladyslaw Lokietek, returning to the
Crown of the Kingdom of Poland as newly established Kalisz Voivodeship. Its total area was 300 sq. miles, and the largest county was that of Kalisz (...) In the mid-16th century, Kalisz Voivodeship had 411 Roman-Catholic parishes, 88 towns and 1,869 villages. Its coat of arms was
Wieniawa.
Kalisz Voivodeship, together with Poznań Voivodeship had its
sejmik
A sejmik (, diminutive of ''sejm'', occasionally translated as a ''dietine''; lt, seimelis) was one of various local parliaments in the history of Poland and history of Lithuania. The first sejmiks were regional assemblies in the Kingdom of ...
s at Środa Wielkopolska, where each province elected six deputies to the
Sejm
The Sejm (English: , Polish: ), officially known as the Sejm of the Republic of Poland ( Polish: ''Sejm Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej''), is the lower house of the bicameral parliament of Poland.
The Sejm has been the highest governing body of ...
, and two deputies to the Greater Poland Tribunal at
Piotrków Trybunalski
Piotrków Trybunalski (; also known by alternative names), often simplified to Piotrków, is a city in central Poland with 71,252 inhabitants (2021). It is the second-largest city situated in the Łódź Voivodeship. Previously, it was the capita ...
(...) Land court was at Kalisz, as well as town court for the counties of Kalisz, Kamieńsk and Pyzdry (...) The voivodeship had eight senators, while local
starostas were located in several towns, such as Kalisz, Gniezno, Pyzdry, Konin,
Kcynia
Kcynia (german: Exin) is a town in Nakło County, Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship, Poland, with 4,712 inhabitants (2004). It is located in the Pałuki ethnographic region in the northern part of historic Greater Poland.
History
Kcynia started ...
,
Ujście,
Powidz
Powidz (pronounced ) is a village in Słupca County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. It is the seat of the gmina (administrative district) called Gmina Powidz. It lies approximately north of Słupca and east of the regiona ...
,
Odolanów
Odolanów (german: Adelnau) is a town in the Greater Poland Voivodeship of Poland, about south-west from Ostrów Wielkopolski, with over 5000 inhabitants.
History
The first written document that mentions Odolanów dates back to 1301, when it w ...
,
Kłecko
Kłecko (; German: ''Kletzko'', 1940-45 ''Klötzen'') is a town in Gniezno County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, Poland, with 2,712 inhabitants (2004).
History
A Lechitic stronghold was founded in the 9th century, located in the Greater Poland reg ...
,
Pobiedziska, and Kolo (...) Among historic towns of the voivodeship were Kalisz, Gniezno, Lad,
Wągrowiec,
Mogilno
Mogilno (; ) is a town in central Poland, situated in the Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship (since 1999), previously in Bydgoszcz Voivodeship (1975–1998).
History
Mogilno is one of the oldest settlements along the border of the Greater Poland an ...
, and
Trzemeszno".
Greater Poland general governor (
Starosta Generalny) seat:
*
Poznań
Poznań () is a city on the River Warta in west-central Poland, within the Greater Poland region. The city is an important cultural and business centre, and one of Poland's most populous regions with many regional customs such as Saint Joh ...
Voivodeship governor (
Wojewoda
Voivode (, also spelled ''voievod'', ''voevod'', ''voivoda'', ''vojvoda'' or ''wojewoda'') is a title denoting a military leader or warlord in Central, Southeastern and Eastern Europe since the Early Middle Ages. It primarily referred to the me ...
) seat:
*
Kalisz
(The oldest city of Poland)
, image_skyline =
, image_caption = ''Top:'' Town Hall, Former "Calisia" Piano Factory''Middle:'' Courthouse, "Gołębnik" tenement''Bottom:'' Aerial view of the Kalisz Old Town
, image_flag = POL Kalisz flag.svg ...
Voivodes:
*
Zygmunt Grudziński (1628–1652)
Regional council (
Sejmik
A sejmik (, diminutive of ''sejm'', occasionally translated as a ''dietine''; lt, seimelis) was one of various local parliaments in the history of Poland and history of Lithuania. The first sejmiks were regional assemblies in the Kingdom of ...
) seat:
*
Środa Wielkopolska
Środa Wielkopolska (until 1968 ''Środa''; german: Schroda) is a town in western-central Poland, situated in the Greater Poland Voivodeship, about southeast of Poznań, with 22,001 inhabitants (2009). It is the seat of Środa Wielkopolska Count ...
General council (
Sejmik Generalny) for the Greater Poland seat:
*
Koło
Koło (; during the German occupation called ''Wartbrücken'' in 1940–41, ''Warthbrücken'' in 1941–45) is a town on the Warta River in central Poland with 23,101 inhabitants (2006). It is situated in the Greater Poland Voivodship (since 199 ...
Administrative division (till 1768):
*
Kalisz County (Powiat Kaliski),
Kalisz
(The oldest city of Poland)
, image_skyline =
, image_caption = ''Top:'' Town Hall, Former "Calisia" Piano Factory''Middle:'' Courthouse, "Gołębnik" tenement''Bottom:'' Aerial view of the Kalisz Old Town
, image_flag = POL Kalisz flag.svg ...
*
Konin County
__NOTOC__
Konin County ( pl, powiat koniński) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Greater Poland Voivodeship, west-central Poland. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local governme ...
(Powiat Koniński),
Konin
Konin (german: Kunau) is a city in central Poland, on the Warta River. It is the capital of Konin County and is located within the Greater Poland Voivodeship. Prior to 1999, it was the capital of the Konin Voivodeship (1975–1998). In 2021 the p ...
*
Pyzdry County (Powiat Pyzdrski),
Pyzdry
*
Gniezno County
__NOTOC__
Gniezno County ( pl, powiat gnieźnieński) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Greater Poland Voivodeship, west-central Poland. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local g ...
(Powiat Gnieżnieński),
Gniezno
Gniezno (; german: Gnesen; la, Gnesna) is a city in central-western Poland, about east of Poznań. Its population in 2021 was 66,769, making it the sixth-largest city in the Greater Poland Voivodeship. One of the Piast dynasty's chief cities, ...
*
Kcynia County (Powiat Kcyński),
Kcynia
Kcynia (german: Exin) is a town in Nakło County, Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship, Poland, with 4,712 inhabitants (2004). It is located in the Pałuki ethnographic region in the northern part of historic Greater Poland.
History
Kcynia started ...
*
Nakło County (Powiat Nakielski),
Nakło
In 1768 counties of Gniezno, Kcynia and Nakło were transferred to the newly created
Gniezno Voivodeship. As a result, in final years of the
Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth
The Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, formally known as the Kingdom of Poland and the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, and, after 1791, as the Commonwealth of Poland, was a bi- confederal state, sometimes called a federation, of Poland and Lithuania ru ...
, Kalisz Voivodeship consisted of the following three counties:
*
Kalisz County (Powiat Kaliski),
Kalisz
(The oldest city of Poland)
, image_skyline =
, image_caption = ''Top:'' Town Hall, Former "Calisia" Piano Factory''Middle:'' Courthouse, "Gołębnik" tenement''Bottom:'' Aerial view of the Kalisz Old Town
, image_flag = POL Kalisz flag.svg ...
*
Konin County
__NOTOC__
Konin County ( pl, powiat koniński) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Greater Poland Voivodeship, west-central Poland. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local governme ...
(Powiat Koniński),
Konin
Konin (german: Kunau) is a city in central Poland, on the Warta River. It is the capital of Konin County and is located within the Greater Poland Voivodeship. Prior to 1999, it was the capital of the Konin Voivodeship (1975–1998). In 2021 the p ...
*
Pyzdry County (Powiat Pyzdrski),
Pyzdry
Sources
Kalisz Voivodeship, description by Zygmunt Gloger
{{DEFAULTSORT:Kalisz Voivodeship (1314-1793)
Former administrative regions of Greater Poland
Voivodeships of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth
1314 establishments in Europe
14th-century establishments in Poland
1793 disestablishments in the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth
pt:Voivodia de Kalisz