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The Ksingmul (Vietnamese: Xinh Mul), also known as Con Pua, Puộc, and Pụa, are an
ethnic group An ethnicity or ethnic group is a group of people with shared attributes, which they collectively believe to have, and long-term endogamy. Ethnicities share attributes like language, culture, common sets of ancestry, traditions, society, re ...
in
Vietnam Vietnam, officially the Socialist Republic of Vietnam (SRV), is a country at the eastern edge of mainland Southeast Asia, with an area of about and a population of over 100 million, making it the world's List of countries and depende ...
and
Laos Laos, officially the Lao People's Democratic Republic (LPDR), is the only landlocked country in Southeast Asia. It is bordered by Myanmar and China to the northwest, Vietnam to the east, Cambodia to the southeast, and Thailand to the west and ...
. In Vietnam, they live primarily in the northwest, in the provinces of
Sơn La Sơn La (; Tai Dam: ) is a city in the north-west region of Vietnam. It is the capital of Sơn La Province. It is bordered by Thuận Châu District, Mường La District, and Mai Sơn District. History In the era of the Sip Hoc Chau Tai, ...
and
Lai Châu Lai Châu () is a city in the Northwest region of Vietnam. It is the capital city of Lai Châu Province. The city borders Phong Thổ District, Sìn Hồ District và Tam Đường District. History Lai Châu, or Muang Lay (Vietnamese: M� ...
. The group numbers approximately 29,503 people and its language is in the
Khmuic languages The Khmuic languages are a branch of the Austroasiatic languages spoken mostly in northern Laos, as well as in neighboring northern Vietnam and southern Yunnan, China. Khmu is the only widely spoken language in the group. Homeland Paul Sidwell ...
group of the
Mon–Khmer The Austroasiatic languages ( ) are a large language family spoken throughout Mainland Southeast Asia, South Asia and East Asia. These languages are natively spoken by the majority of the population in Vietnam and Cambodia, and by minority popu ...
language family. The Xinh Mun celebrate several festivals such as Muong A Ma, Ksaisatip, and Mạ Ma.


Subgroups

The Ksingmul are divided linguistically into three subgroups: *The Kháng of Vietnam *The Phong-Kniang of Laos *The Puoc of Vietnam and Laos.


Language

The Ksingmul speak the
Ksingmul language Ksingmul (Ksing Mul, Puoc, , ) is a Mon–Khmer language spoken by the Ksingmul people of Vietnam and Laos. Varieties Jerold Edmondson (2010: 144), citing Đặng Nghiêm Vạn, et al. (1972: 254 ff.), lists 3 major varieties of Ksingmul. Ksingm ...
, which is a Khmuic language.Ethnologue report for Laos
/ref> The Khmuic languages are Austro-Asiatic.


Geographic distribution

*Population in Vietnam: 21,939 *Population in Laos: 3,164


References


External links


RWAAI
(Repository and Workspace for Austroasiatic Intangible Heritage) * http://hdl.handle.net/10050/00-0000-0000-0003-9380-C@view Ksingmul in RWAAI Digital Archive Ethnic groups in Laos Ethnic groups in Vietnam Khmuic peoples {{Asia-ethno-group-stub