The Ksingmul (Vietnamese: Xinh Mul), also known as Con Pua, Puộc, and Pụa, are an
ethnic group
An ethnicity or ethnic group is a group of people with shared attributes, which they collectively believe to have, and long-term endogamy. Ethnicities share attributes like language, culture, common sets of ancestry, traditions, society, re ...
in
Vietnam
Vietnam, officially the Socialist Republic of Vietnam (SRV), is a country at the eastern edge of mainland Southeast Asia, with an area of about and a population of over 100 million, making it the world's List of countries and depende ...
and
Laos
Laos, officially the Lao People's Democratic Republic (LPDR), is the only landlocked country in Southeast Asia. It is bordered by Myanmar and China to the northwest, Vietnam to the east, Cambodia to the southeast, and Thailand to the west and ...
. In Vietnam, they live primarily in the northwest, in the provinces of
Sơn La
Sơn La (; Tai Dam: ) is a city in the north-west region of Vietnam. It is the capital of Sơn La Province. It is bordered by Thuận Châu District, Mường La District, and Mai Sơn District.
History
In the era of the Sip Hoc Chau Tai, ...
and
Lai Châu
Lai Châu () is a city in the Northwest region of Vietnam. It is the capital city of Lai Châu Province. The city borders Phong Thổ District, Sìn Hồ District và Tam Đường District.
History
Lai Châu, or Muang Lay (Vietnamese: M� ...
. The group numbers approximately 29,503 people and
its language is in the
Khmuic languages
The Khmuic languages are a branch of the Austroasiatic languages spoken mostly in northern Laos, as well as in neighboring northern Vietnam and southern Yunnan, China. Khmu is the only widely spoken language in the group.
Homeland
Paul Sidwell ...
group of the
Mon–Khmer
The Austroasiatic languages ( ) are a large language family spoken throughout Mainland Southeast Asia, South Asia and East Asia. These languages are natively spoken by the majority of the population in Vietnam and Cambodia, and by minority popu ...
language family.
The Xinh Mun celebrate several festivals such as Muong A Ma, Ksaisatip, and Mạ Ma.
Subgroups
The Ksingmul are divided linguistically into three subgroups:
*The Kháng of Vietnam
*The
Phong-Kniang of Laos
*The Puoc of Vietnam and Laos.
Language
The Ksingmul speak the
Ksingmul language
Ksingmul (Ksing Mul, Puoc, , ) is a Mon–Khmer language spoken by the Ksingmul people of Vietnam and Laos.
Varieties
Jerold Edmondson (2010: 144), citing Đặng Nghiêm Vạn, et al. (1972: 254 ff.), lists 3 major varieties of Ksingmul. Ksingm ...
, which is a
Khmuic language.
[Ethnologue report for Laos](_blank)
/ref> The Khmuic languages are Austro-Asiatic.
Geographic distribution
*Population in Vietnam: 21,939
*Population in Laos: 3,164
References
External links
RWAAI
(Repository and Workspace for Austroasiatic Intangible Heritage)
* http://hdl.handle.net/10050/00-0000-0000-0003-9380-C@view Ksingmul in RWAAI Digital Archive
Ethnic groups in Laos
Ethnic groups in Vietnam
Khmuic peoples
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