Kapoly is a village in Somogy county,

Hungary Hungary is a landlocked country in Central Europe. Spanning much of the Pannonian Basin, Carpathian Basin, it is bordered by Slovakia to the north, Ukraine to the northeast, Romania to the east and southeast, Serbia to the south, Croatia and ...

. Political leader

János Kádár János József Kádár (; ; né Czermanik; 26 May 1912 – 6 July 1989) was a Hungarian Communist leader and the General Secretary of the Hungarian Socialist Workers' Party, a position he held for 32 years. Declining health led to his retireme ...

originates from the village, his childhood was spent in Kapoly.

Geography

It lies between

Siófok Siófok (; ; ) is a town in Somogy County, Hungary on the southern bank of Lake Balaton. It is the Somogy County#Municipalities, second largest municipality in Somogy County and the seat of Siófok District. It covers an area of about between Lak ...

and

Kaposvár Kaposvár (; also known by alternative names) is a city with county rights in southwestern Hungary, south of Lake Balaton. It is one of the leading cities of Transdanubia, the capital of Somogy County, and the seat of the Kaposvár District and th ...

and can be reached by car or train.

History

Kapoly was first mentioned in a royal doctrine of

Béla III of Hungary Béla III (, , ; 114823 April 1196) was King of Hungary and King of Croatia, Croatia between 1172 and 1196. He was the second son of King Géza II of Hungary, Géza II and Géza's wife, Euphrosyne of Kiev. Around 1161, Géza granted Béla a du ...

and the

Johanniter Order The Bailiwick of Brandenburg of the Chivalric Order of Saint John of the Hospital at Jerusalem (), commonly known as the Order of Saint John or the Johanniter Order (German: ''Johanniterorden''), is the German Protestant branch of the Knights Hos ...

Székesfehérvár Székesfehérvár (; ; ; ; Serbian language, Serbian: ''Стони Београд''; ), known colloquially as Fehérvár (), is a city in central Hungary, and the country's ninth-largest city. It is the Regions of Hungary, regional capital of C ...

. In 1337 it appeared as ''Keethkapul'', in 1347 as ''Egyházaskapoly'', in 1400 as ''Kápolnáskapoly''. It belonged to the Diocese of Székesfehérvár in 1229, but according to a papal bull also the

Benedictine The Benedictines, officially the Order of Saint Benedict (, abbreviated as O.S.B. or OSB), are a mainly contemplative monastic order of the Catholic Church for men and for women who follow the Rule of Saint Benedict. Initiated in 529, th ...

Abbey of Tihany had lands there. Kapoly was mentioned also in the papal tithe register between 1332 and 1337. In 1400 the lands of Kapoly were donated by

Sigismund of Luxembourg Sigismund of Luxembourg (15 February 1368 – 9 December 1437) was Holy Roman Emperor from 1433 until his death in 1437. He was elected King of Germany (King of the Romans) in 1410, and was also King of Bohemia from 1419, as well as prince-elec ...

to ''Bálint'' and ''Péter Osztopáni''. ''Imre Ugron'' was its landlord in 1460. ''Orbán Nagylucsei''

Bishop of Eger The Archdiocese of Eger () is a Latin Church archdiocese of the Catholic Church in Northern Hungary, its centre is the city of Eger. History * 1000: Established as Diocese of Eger * August 9, 1804: Promoted as Metropolitan Archdiocese of Eger w ...

, his brothers and ''Bernát Somogyi de Endréd'' got the lands of ''György Bálványosi'' in ''Egyházas'' and ''Kápolnás'' in 1488. Between 1488 and 1489 ''Jakab Bocskai'' also had lands there. The son of ''Pál Perneszi'', ''Imre'' got ''Kápolnás-Kapoly'' from

Vladislaus II of Hungary Vladislaus II, also known as Vladislav, Władysław or Wladislas (; 1 March 1456 – 13 March 1516), was King of Bohemia from 1471 to 1516 and King of Hungary and King of Croatia from 1490 to 1516. As the eldest son of Casimir IV Jagiellon, he wa ...

. ''Kápolnás-Kapoly'' was in the hands of ''Máté Baronyay'', ''László Ewleweldy (Óleveldi)'', the widow of ''István Perneszi'', ''Imre'' and ''Egyed Perneszi'' meanwhile ''Egyházas-Kapoly'' belonged to ''Bernát'' and ''Pál Ugron'', ''Imre Perneszi'', the

Bishop of Veszprém A bishop is an ordained member of the clergy who is entrusted with a position of authority and oversight in a religious institution. In Christianity, bishops are normally responsible for the governance and administration of dioceses. The role ...

, ''Mihály Kys'' and ''Máté Baronyay''. According to the tax register of 1557 both Kapolys were possessions of the

Perneszy family The Perneszy de Osztopán family was an important and prestigious Hungarian noble family which gave many relevant personalities. Its members were high members of the nobility of the Kingdom of Hungary since the 13th century. History History of ...

. ''András Perneszy de Osztopán'', castellan of Felsőlendva got the village in 1577 from

Rudolf II Rudolf II (18 July 1552 – 20 January 1612) was Holy Roman Emperor (1576–1612), King of Hungary and Croatia (as Rudolf I, 1572–1608), King of Bohemia (1575–1608/1611) and Archduke of Austria (1576–1608). He was a member of the H ...

. In 1583 ''Kápolnás-Kapoly'' was owned by ''András Perneszi'', ''Egyházas-Kapoly'' by the

. Around 1598 and 1599 they were a possession of the ''Castle of

Tihany Tihany () is a village on the northern shore of Lake Balaton on the Tihany Peninsula (Hungary, Veszprém County). The whole peninsula is a historical district. The center of the district is the Benedictine Tihany Abbey, which was founded in 1055 ...

'' under the name ''Nagykapoly''. According to the 1609 Urbarium ''Nagykapoly'' had 10 peasant residents. The Court of

Zala County Zala (, ; ; ) is an administrative county (Counties of Hungary, comitatus or ''vármegye'') in south-western Hungary. It is named after the Zala River. It shares borders with Croatia (Koprivnica–Križevci County, Koprivnica–Križevci and Me� ...

awarded ''János Lengyel Tóti'' the villages of ''Nagykapoly'', Lullya, Endréd in 1612. It was a possession of

Tihany Abbey The Tihany Abbey is a Benedictine monastery established in Tihany in the Kingdom of Hungary in 1055. Its patrons are the Virgin Mary and Saint Aignan of Orleans. Foundation The Benedictine monastery in Tihany was established in 1055 by King Andr ...

in 1645. Then in 1660 it belonged to the

. ''János Perneszi'' gave his lands in ''Kis-Kapoly'' to ''János Szabó'' in 1665. ''Zsigmond Perneszi'' and ''Julianna Perneszi'' owned ''Kapoly'' in 1695. In the 1715 register there were 6 households and belonged to ''Anna Julianna Perneszi'', the widow of ''Ferenc Babócsay''. One half of the settlement was in the hands of the

the other half in the hands of the

in 1733. Between 1720 and 1727 the first wave of German settlers arrived in Kapoly. There were also some Slovak families. But the village preserved its Hungarian dominance throughout the next centuries. Before 1848 the

, the ''Tallián'' and ''Csapody'' families had lands there. By 1900 the Abbey of Tihany was the only owner. According to the 1853 census there were 700

Hungarians Hungarians, also known as Magyars, are an Ethnicity, ethnic group native to Hungary (), who share a common Culture of Hungary, culture, Hungarian language, language and History of Hungary, history. They also have a notable presence in former pa ...

, 254

Germans Germans (, ) are the natives or inhabitants of Germany, or sometimes more broadly any people who are of German descent or native speakers of the German language. The Basic Law for the Federal Republic of Germany, constitution of Germany, imple ...

and 6

Jews Jews (, , ), or the Jewish people, are an ethnoreligious group and nation, originating from the Israelites of History of ancient Israel and Judah, ancient Israel and Judah. They also traditionally adhere to Judaism. Jewish ethnicity, rel ...

. There was a huge cholera epidemic in 1855 when 60 people died in Kapoly. In 1910 it had 1,020 residents of which 1,018 were Hungarians. According to their religious affiliation there were 404

Roman Catholics The Catholic Church (), also known as the Roman Catholic Church, is the largest Christian church, with 1.27 to 1.41 billion baptized Catholics worldwide as of 2025. It is among the world's oldest and largest international institut ...

, 577

Calvinists Reformed Christianity, also called Calvinism, is a major branch of Protestantism that began during the 16th-century Protestant Reformation. In the modern day, it is largely represented by the Continental Reformed Christian, Presbyterian, ...

and 30

Lutherans Lutheranism is a major branch of Protestantism that emerged under the work of Martin Luther, the 16th-century German friar and reformer whose efforts to reform the theology and practices of the Catholic Church launched the Reformation in 15 ...

Main sights

* Roman Catholic church * Reformed church - built in 1838muemlekvedelem.hu - Református templom, Kapoly
/ref> * ''Kádár House'' - the Hungarian dictator,

lived there from the age of three months * monument of the

Second World War World War II or the Second World War (1 September 1939 – 2 September 1945) was a World war, global conflict between two coalitions: the Allies of World War II, Allies and the Axis powers. World War II by country, Nearly all of the wo ...

Notable residents

* József Vécsey de

Hernádvécse Hernádvécse is a village in Borsod-Abaúj-Zemplén County in northeastern Hungary.János Kádár János József Kádár (; ; né Czermanik; 26 May 1912 – 6 July 1989) was a Hungarian Communist leader and the General Secretary of the Hungarian Socialist Workers' Party, a position he held for 32 years. Declining health led to his retireme ...

(1912–1989), Hungarian communist leader and the General Secretary of the Hungarian Socialist Workers' Party

Gallery

File:Wine cellar entrance in Kapoly.jpg, Wine cellar entrance in Kapoly File:Kádár House2.jpg, Kádár House File:Grain field in Kapoly.jpg, Grain field in Kapoly File:Reformed church of Kapoly.jpg, Reformed church

External links

Street map (Hungarian)

References

{{authority control Populated places in Somogy County Hungarian German communities in Somogy County