Julius Theodor Christian Ratzeburg (16 February 1801– 24 October 1871) was a German

zoologist Zoology ()The pronunciation of zoology as is usually regarded as nonstandard, though it is not uncommon. is the branch of biology that studies the animal kingdom, including the structure, embryology, evolution, classification, habits, and d ...

botanist Botany, also called , plant biology or phytology, is the science of plant life and a branch of biology. A botanist, plant scientist or phytologist is a scientist who specialises in this field. The term "botany" comes from the Ancient Greek wo ...

entomologist Entomology () is the scientific study of insects, a branch of zoology. In the past the term "insect" was less specific, and historically the definition of entomology would also include the study of animals in other arthropod groups, such as ara ...

, and

forester A forester is a person who practises forestry, the science, art, and profession of managing forests. Foresters engage in a broad range of activities including ecological restoration and management of protected areas. Foresters manage forests to ...

Biography

Ratzeburg was born in

Berlin Berlin ( , ) is the capital and largest city of Germany by both area and population. Its 3.7 million inhabitants make it the European Union's most populous city, according to population within city limits. One of Germany's sixteen constitu ...

, the son of a professor at the

veterinary Veterinary medicine is the branch of medicine that deals with the prevention, management, diagnosis, and treatment of disease, disorder, and injury in animals. Along with this, it deals with animal rearing, husbandry, breeding, research on nutri ...

school of the

University of Berlin Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin (german: Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, abbreviated HU Berlin) is a German public research university in the central borough of Mitte in Berlin. It was established by Frederick William III on the initiative ...

. He studied medicine and

natural sciences Natural science is one of the branches of science concerned with the description, understanding and prediction of natural phenomena, based on empirical evidence from observation and experimentation. Mechanisms such as peer review and repeat ...

in Berlin and was primarily interested in botany. He became a private lecturer at the University of Berlin in 1828, when he was in contact with

Alexander Alexander is a male given name. The most prominent bearer of the name is Alexander the Great, the king of the Ancient Greek kingdom of Macedonia who created one of the largest empires in ancient history. Variants listed here are Aleksandar, Al ...

and

Wilhelm von Humboldt Friedrich Wilhelm Christian Karl Ferdinand von Humboldt (, also , ; ; 22 June 1767 – 8 April 1835) was a Prussian philosopher, linguist, government functionary, diplomat, and founder of the Humboldt University of Berlin, which was named afte ...

. Two years later, he became professor of natural history there at the invitation of

Friedrich Wilhelm Leopold Pfeil Friedrich Wilhelm Leopold Pfeil (28 March 1783 – 4 September 1859) was a German forester. Pfeil was born in Rammelburg. From 1801 onward, he trained and worked as a forester at several sites in the Harz region, Neuchâtel and Silesia. As a ...

(1783-1859). He founded the botanic garden of forestry at Eberswalde, working there until his retirement in 1869. He returned to Berlin, where he resided until his death. Ratzeburg was the author of important works on forestry and forest entomology, and is considered the founder of the latter discipline. He was notably interested in parasitic species. From 1827 to 1834, he wrote ''Medizinische Zoologie'' (''Medical zoology'') with

Johann Friedrich von Brandt Johann Friedrich von Brandt (25 May 1802 – 15 July 1879) was a German-Russian naturalist, who worked mostly in Russia. Brandt was born in Jüterbog and educated at a gymnasium in Wittenberg and the University of Berlin. In 1831 he emigrat ...

, which was a standard work for many years.

Selected works

Entomological works

* ''Die Forstinsekten'', Berlin 1837–1844, three volumes and a supplement.; re-edition at Vienna 1885. * ''Die Waldverderber und ihre Feinde'', Berlin, 1841, 8th re-edition of Johann Friedrich Judeich (1828–1894) and Hinrich Nitsche (1845–1902) under the title ''Lehrbuch der mitteleuropäischen Insektenkunde'', Vienna, 1885, with a biography. * ''Die Ichneumonen der Forstinsekten'', Berlin 1844–1852, three volumes. The parts are: ** Ratzeburg, J.T.C. 1844 (March 31)
''Die Ichneumonen der Forstinsekten in entomologischer und forstlicher Beziehung'' 1
224pp, 4 plates', Berlin. ** Ratzeburg, J.T.C. 1844 (August 31)
''Die Ichneumonen der Forstinsekten in entomologischer und forstlicher Beziehung'' 3
viii+314pp, 16 plates, Berlin ** Ratzeburg, J.T.C. 1848
''Die Ichneumonen der Forstinsekten in entomologischer und forstlicher Beziehung'' 2
vi+238pp, 4 tables, 3 plates, Berlin ** Ratzeburg, J.T.C. 1852, ''Die Ichneumonen der Forstinsekten in entomologischer und forstlicher Beziehung'' 3:v–xviii+272pp, 3 tables, Berlin * ''Die Nachkrankheiten und die Reproduktion der Kiefer nach dem Fraß der Forleule'', Berlin, 1862. * ''Die Waldverderbnis oder dauernder Schaden, welcher durch Insektenfraß, Schälen etc. an lebenden Waldbäumen entsteht'', Berlin, 1866–1868, two volumes.

Other subjects

* ''Handbuch der Zoopharmakologie für Thierärzte'' . Vol. 1&2 . Berlin 180
Digital edition
by the

University and State Library Düsseldorf The University and State Library Düsseldorf (german: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Düsseldorf, abbreviated ULB Düsseldorf) is a central service institution of Heinrich Heine University. Along with Bonn and Münster, it is also one of t ...

* ''Medizinische Zoologie'', avec Brandt, Berlin, 1827–1834, two volumes. * ''Abbildung und Beschreibung der in Deutschland wild wachsenden Giftgewächse'', with

(1802-1879) and Philipp Phoebus (1804-1880), Berlin 1834; new edition in 1838. * ''Forstnaturwissenschaftliche Reisen'', Berlin 1842. * ''Die Standortsgewächse und Unkräuter Deutschlands'', Berlin 1859. * ''Forstwissenschaftliches Schriftstellerlexikon'', Berlin 1872–1873. In addition, Julius Theodor Christian Ratzeburg continued

Friedrich Gottlob Hayne Friedrich Gottlob Hayne (18 March 1763, Jüterbog – 24 April 1832, Berlin) was a German botanist, taxonomist, pharmacist and professor. Hayne showed an early interest in the plant world. From 1778 until 1796 he worked as a pharmacist in Berli ...

's work ''Getreue Darstellung und Beschreibung der in der Arzneykunde gebräuchlichen Gewächse.'' * ''Getreue Darstellung und Beschreibung der in der Arzneykunde gebräuchlichen Gewächse wie auch solcher, welche mit ihnen verwechselt werden können''. 12 Volumes, 1805–1856 (continued from Johann Friedrich Brandt, Julius Theodor Christian Ratzeburg und

Johann Friedrich Klotzsch Johann Friedrich Klotzsch (9 June 1805 – 5 November 1860) was a German pharmacist and botanist. His principal work was in the field of mycology, with the study and description of many species of mushroom. Klotzsch was born in Wittenberg. Orig ...

)
Digital Edition
by the

Notes

References

*The major portion of this article was translated from French Wikipedia (visited 27 January 2006).

External links

Die Schädlinge des Waldes, Insekten und andere Tiere, inclusive 33 farbigen Tafeln pdf download
{{DEFAULTSORT:Ratzeburg, Julius Theodor Christian German taxonomists 1801 births 1871 deaths German entomologists Forestry academics Eberswalde University for Sustainable Development faculty Scientists from Berlin People from the Margraviate of Brandenburg 19th-century German zoologists Humboldt University of Berlin faculty Members of the Russian Academy of Sciences Members of the German Academy of Sciences Leopoldina