HOME

TheInfoList



OR:

Jules Thurmann (5 November 1804, Neuf-Brisach in
Haut-Rhin Haut-Rhin (, ; Alsatian: ''Owerelsàss'' or '; german: Oberelsass, ) is a department in the Grand Est region of France, bordering both Germany and Switzerland. It is named after the river Rhine. Its name means '' Upper Rhine''. Haut-Rhin is t ...
, France – 25 July 1855,
Porrentruy Porrentruy (, fc, Poérreintru , german: Pruntrut) is a Swiss municipality and seat of the district of the same name located in the canton of Jura. Porrentruy is home to National League team, HC Ajoie. History The first trace of human pre ...
) was an Alsatian French-Swiss
geologist A geologist is a scientist who studies the solid, liquid, and gaseous matter that constitutes Earth and other terrestrial planets, as well as the processes that shape them. Geologists usually study geology, earth science, or geophysics, althou ...
and
botanist Botany, also called , plant biology or phytology, is the science of plant life and a branch of biology. A botanist, plant scientist or phytologist is a scientist who specialises in this field. The term "botany" comes from the Ancient Greek wo ...
. He studied at the college in Porrentruy, then continued his education at the
University of Strasbourg The University of Strasbourg (french: Université de Strasbourg, Unistra) is a public research university located in Strasbourg, Alsace, France, with over 52,000 students and 3,300 researchers. The French university traces its history to the ea ...
and at the '' École royale des mines'' in
Paris Paris () is the capital and most populous city of France, with an estimated population of 2,165,423 residents in 2019 in an area of more than 105 km² (41 sq mi), making it the 30th most densely populated city in the world in 2020. Si ...
. In 1832 he was appointed professor of mathematics and natural sciences at Porrentruy College.Dictionnaire du Jura
(biography)
In 1837 he became the first director of the "normal school" for teachers in Porrentruy. In 1838 he was chairman of the first congress for the ''
Société géologique de France Lactalis is a French multinational dairy products corporation, owned by the Besnier family and based in Laval, Mayenne, France. The company's former name was Besnier SA. Lactalis is the largest dairy products group in the world, and is the sec ...
'', which took place in Porrentruy. He devoted much of his time to geological studies of the
Jura Mountains The Jura Mountains ( , , , ; french: Massif du Jura; german: Juragebirge; it, Massiccio del Giura, rm, Montagnas da Jura) are a sub-alpine mountain range a short distance north of the Western Alps and mainly demarcate a long part of the Fre ...
, being known for his pioneer investigations in regards to Jurassic
orography Orography is the study of the topographic relief of mountains, and can more broadly include hills, and any part of a region's elevated terrain. Orography (also known as ''oreography'', ''orology'' or ''oreology'') falls within the broader discip ...
. In the field of
stratigraphy Stratigraphy is a branch of geology concerned with the study of rock layers ( strata) and layering (stratification). It is primarily used in the study of sedimentary and layered volcanic rocks. Stratigraphy has three related subfields: lithost ...
, he introduced in 1834 the term "
Neocomian In geology, Neocomian was a name given to the lowest stage of the Cretaceous system. It is generally considered to encompass the interval now covered by the Berriasian, Valanginian and Hauterivian, from approximately 145 to 130 Ma. It was introdu ...
" to define the lowest stage of
Cretaceous The Cretaceous ( ) is a geological period that lasted from about 145 to 66 million years ago (Mya). It is the third and final period of the Mesozoic Era, as well as the longest. At around 79 million years, it is the longest geological period of ...
formation. As a botanist, he conducted phytosociological research,Dictionnaire historique de la Suisse
(biography)
and is credited with directing the last phases of development for the
botanical garden A botanical garden or botanic gardenThe terms ''botanic'' and ''botanical'' and ''garden'' or ''gardens'' are used more-or-less interchangeably, although the word ''botanic'' is generally reserved for the earlier, more traditional gardens, an ...
at Porrentruy. He was the founder of the ''Société de statistique des districts du Jura'' (1832); co-founder and first president of the ''Société jurassienne d'émulation'' (1847–1855) and a member of the ''Grand Conseil bernois'' (1837–1839, 1844–1845).


Published works (selection)

* ''Essai sur les soulèvemens jurassiques du Porrentruy'', 1832 – Essay on Jurassic upheavals around Porrentruy. * ''Principes de pédagogie'', 1842 – Principles of
pedagogy Pedagogy (), most commonly understood as the approach to teaching, is the theory and practice of learning, and how this process influences, and is influenced by, the social, political and psychological development of learners. Pedagogy, taken ...
. * ''Système de géographie botanique'', 1847 – System of phytogeography. * ''Enumération des plantes vasculaires du district de Porrentruy'', 1848 – Enumeration of
vascular plants Vascular plants (), also called tracheophytes () or collectively Tracheophyta (), form a large group of land plants ( accepted known species) that have lignified tissues (the xylem) for conducting water and minerals throughout the plant. They ...
in the district of Porrentruy. * ''Essai de Phytostatique appliqué à la chaîne du Jura et aux contrées voisines'', 1849 – Essay on applied phytostatics for the Jura chain and neighboring regions. * ''Résumé des lois orographiques générales du système des Monts-Jura'', 1853 – On general orographic laws involving the Jura Mountains.Google Search
published works


References

{{DEFAULTSORT:Thurmann, Jules 1804 births 1855 deaths People from Haut-Rhin 19th-century Swiss geologists 19th-century Swiss botanists Members of Société géologique de France