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''Judex'' is a 1963
French-language French ( or ) is a Romance language of the Indo-European family. It descended from the Vulgar Latin of the Roman Empire, as did all Romance languages. French evolved from Gallo-Romance, the Latin spoken in Gaul, and more specifically in No ...
crime film Crime films, in the broadest sense, is a film genre inspired by and analogous to the crime fiction literary genre. Films of this genre generally involve various aspects of crime and its detection. Stylistically, the genre may overlap and combin ...
remake of the 1916 French
film serial A serial film, film serial (or just serial), movie serial, or chapter play, is a motion picture form popular during the first half of the 20th century, consisting of a series of short subjects exhibited in consecutive order at one theater, gene ...
of the same name concerning the adventures of pulp hero Judex. Directed by French filmmaker
Georges Franju Georges Franju (; 12 April 1912 – 5 November 1987) was a French filmmaker. He was born in Fougères, Ille-et-Vilaine. Biography Early life Before working in French cinema, Franju held several different jobs. These included working for a ...
, the film stars Channing Pollock as Judex/Vallieres,
Édith Scob Édith Scob (21 October 1937 – 26 June 2019) was a French film and theatre actress, best known for her role as the daughter with a disfigured face in '' Eyes Without a Face'' (1960). Early life and family Scob was born Édith Helena Vladimirov ...
as Jacqueline and Francine Bergé as Diana.


Plot

The film's plot largely follows the arc of
Louis Feuillade Louis Feuillade (; 19 February 1873 – 25 February 1925) was a French filmmaker of the silent era. Between 1906 and 1924, he directed over 630 films. He is primarily known for the crime serials '' Fantômas'', '' Les Vampires'' and '' Judex ...
's serial, but necessarily cuts down the number of events and characters to fit its feature-length running time. Franju's film begins with Favraux (
Michel Vitold Michel Vitold (1915–1994) was a Russian-born French stage and film actor.Durgnat p.141 Selected filmography * '' Orage'' (1938) - Georges (uncredited) * ''Adrienne Lecouvreur'' (1938) - Le tueur * ''The Curtain Rises'' (1938) - Gabriel, un él� ...
), a corrupt banker, and his secretary Vallieres discussing an apparent blackmail note signed only "Judex" (meaning "judge" or "upholder of the law"). Favraux is puzzled because the note demands only that he return money that he has embezzled from others. He hires Cocantin (
Jacques Jouanneau Jacques Jouanneau (3 October 1926 – 19 July 2011) was a French actor. He was born in Angers, France. Biography Filmography *1953: ''Capitaine Pantoufle'' - Le barman du Goéland (uncredited) *1954: ''Les Intrigantes'' - Le Reporter (un ...
), a detective, to provide security at a party he will be giving to announce the engagement of his daughter Jacqueline (
Édith Scob Édith Scob (21 October 1937 – 26 June 2019) was a French film and theatre actress, best known for her role as the daughter with a disfigured face in '' Eyes Without a Face'' (1960). Early life and family Scob was born Édith Helena Vladimirov ...
), a young widow with a daughter, to an aged but wealthy man. Another man, Pierre Kerjean (
René Génin René Génin (25 January 1890 – 24 October 1967) was a French stage and film actor. He appeared in more than 130 films between 1931 and 1965. Selected filmography * ''The Brighton Twins'' (1936) * ''27 Rue de la Paix'' (1936) * '' Nights ...
), suddenly comes in and demands aid from Favraux, for whom he had served time in prison, but Favraux has Vallieres escort him from the room. Later, Cocantin reports that Kerjean has died after being found on the street. Favraux receives another warning from Judex, which he takes more seriously. In the meantime, though, he tells Marie Verdier ( Francine Bergé), Jacqueline's governess, that he is infatuated with her and must marry her after Jacqueline's wedding. That night at the party, where everyone is masked, a mysterious guest wearing a bird's head performs magic tricks. When Favraux begins to announce the engagement, though, he collapses, apparently dead. Later, we see that Judex, who appears in a black hat and cloak, and his assistants have removed Favraux, who was only drugged, from his coffin and imprisoned him. After Favraux's supposed funeral, Cocantin shows Jacqueline the letter from Judex, which vowed that vengeance would come to Favraux at the exact time when he died. Jacqueline wants to go to the police, but Vallieres tells her about her father's crooked past. Jacqueline renounces any money that she would inherit except for a portion for her daughter, whom she has sent off. The former governess turns out actually to be Diana Monti, head of a criminal gang, who still wants access to Favraux's fortune. Diana adopts other roles and disguises in a series of tricks and attacks to kidnap Jacqueline, who is rescued several times by Judex. Later, Diana also tries to abduct Jacqueline's daughter, but is again foiled, party through actions by the detective Cocantin and his son. Finally, Diana is isolated on a rooftop and, in a battle with a circus gymnast ( Sylva Koscina) aiding the heroes, falls to her death. At the end Judex and Jacqueline are reunited, walking on a beach as a title appears: "“In homage to Louis Feuillade, in memory of a time that was not happy: 1914.”


Cast

* Channing Pollock as Judex/Vallieres *
Édith Scob Édith Scob (21 October 1937 – 26 June 2019) was a French film and theatre actress, best known for her role as the daughter with a disfigured face in '' Eyes Without a Face'' (1960). Early life and family Scob was born Édith Helena Vladimirov ...
as Jacqueline * Francine Bergé as Diana *
Théo Sarapo Theophanis Lamboukas (Greek: Θεοφάνης Λαμπουκάς, 26 January 1936 – 28 August 1970), professionally known as Théo Sarapo, was a French singer and actor, and the second husband of the French singer Édith Piaf. Formerly a ha ...
as Morales * Sylva Koscina as Daisy *
René Génin René Génin (25 January 1890 – 24 October 1967) was a French stage and film actor. He appeared in more than 130 films between 1931 and 1965. Selected filmography * ''The Brighton Twins'' (1936) * ''27 Rue de la Paix'' (1936) * '' Nights ...
as Pierre Kerjean *
Michel Vitold Michel Vitold (1915–1994) was a Russian-born French stage and film actor.Durgnat p.141 Selected filmography * '' Orage'' (1938) - Georges (uncredited) * ''Adrienne Lecouvreur'' (1938) - Le tueur * ''The Curtain Rises'' (1938) - Gabriel, un él� ...
as the Banker Favraux


Production


Development

The production of ''Judex'' happened by chance. French writer
Francis Lacassin Francis Lacassin (; 18 November 1931 – 12 August 2008)Judex''. The story came to
Jacques Champreux Ancient and noble French family names, Jacques, Jacq, or James are believed to originate from the Middle Ages in the historic northwest Brittany region in France, and have since spread around the world over the centuries. To date, there are over ...
who's the grandson of the original creator of Judex,
Louis Feuillade Louis Feuillade (; 19 February 1873 – 25 February 1925) was a French filmmaker of the silent era. Between 1906 and 1924, he directed over 630 films. He is primarily known for the crime serials '' Fantômas'', '' Les Vampires'' and '' Judex ...
.
Jacques Champreux Ancient and noble French family names, Jacques, Jacq, or James are believed to originate from the Middle Ages in the historic northwest Brittany region in France, and have since spread around the world over the centuries. To date, there are over ...
has been a fan of director
Georges Franju Georges Franju (; 12 April 1912 – 5 November 1987) was a French filmmaker. He was born in Fougères, Ille-et-Vilaine. Biography Early life Before working in French cinema, Franju held several different jobs. These included working for a ...
and asked him to make the film, who accepted despite having a larger desire to remake '' Fantômas''.
Georges Franju Georges Franju (; 12 April 1912 – 5 November 1987) was a French filmmaker. He was born in Fougères, Ille-et-Vilaine. Biography Early life Before working in French cinema, Franju held several different jobs. These included working for a ...
was not very interested in the character or original story of ''Judex,'' stating that "''Judex'' is the only film of
Louis Feuillade Louis Feuillade (; 19 February 1873 – 25 February 1925) was a French filmmaker of the silent era. Between 1906 and 1924, he directed over 630 films. He is primarily known for the crime serials '' Fantômas'', '' Les Vampires'' and '' Judex ...
that isn't good
Louis Feuillade Louis Feuillade (; 19 February 1873 – 25 February 1925) was a French filmmaker of the silent era. Between 1906 and 1924, he directed over 630 films. He is primarily known for the crime serials '' Fantômas'', '' Les Vampires'' and '' Judex ...
," but he wanted to recreate the film in the style of early French cinema that he remembered from his childhood.Ince 2005, p. 58.
Jacques Champreux Ancient and noble French family names, Jacques, Jacq, or James are believed to originate from the Middle Ages in the historic northwest Brittany region in France, and have since spread around the world over the centuries. To date, there are over ...
's idea for the film was to combine
Georges Franju Georges Franju (; 12 April 1912 – 5 November 1987) was a French filmmaker. He was born in Fougères, Ille-et-Vilaine. Biography Early life Before working in French cinema, Franju held several different jobs. These included working for a ...
's film style with the elements of the story in the original ''Judex'' and started writing the screenplay with that in mind.
Jacques Champreux Ancient and noble French family names, Jacques, Jacq, or James are believed to originate from the Middle Ages in the historic northwest Brittany region in France, and have since spread around the world over the centuries. To date, there are over ...
and
Georges Franju Georges Franju (; 12 April 1912 – 5 November 1987) was a French filmmaker. He was born in Fougères, Ille-et-Vilaine. Biography Early life Before working in French cinema, Franju held several different jobs. These included working for a ...
had the film open with a costume ball where everyone is wearing animal masks. This scene is influenced by French cartoonist J.J. Grandville, who depicted people with the heads of animals and birds.


Casting

Channing Pollock, who was a famous conjurer in cabaret circles, was cast as Judex. Pollock had been in several films beforehand and the backing producers wanted to make him into a
Rudolph Valentino Rodolfo Pietro Filiberto Raffaello Guglielmi di Valentina d'Antonguolla (May 6, 1895 – August 23, 1926), known professionally as Rudolph Valentino and nicknamed The Latin Lover, was an Italian actor based in the United States who starred ...
-type star.
Georges Franju Georges Franju (; 12 April 1912 – 5 November 1987) was a French filmmaker. He was born in Fougères, Ille-et-Vilaine. Biography Early life Before working in French cinema, Franju held several different jobs. These included working for a ...
and
Jacques Champreux Ancient and noble French family names, Jacques, Jacq, or James are believed to originate from the Middle Ages in the historic northwest Brittany region in France, and have since spread around the world over the centuries. To date, there are over ...
made his character into more of a magical character rather than a "dispenser of justice". Many actresses were thought of for the role of Diana Monti, originally played by Musidora in the Feuillade's ''Judex''. Franju and Champreaux wanted someone who would "still look good even in the dark" and originally desired to have
Brigitte Bardot Brigitte Anne-Marie Bardot ( ; ; born 28 September 1934), often referred to by her initials B.B., is a former French actress, singer and model. Famous for portraying sexually emancipated characters with hedonistic lifestyles, she was one of the ...
as Diana Monti which excited their producers. After seeing ''
Les Abysses ''Les Abysses'' is a 1963 French film directed by Nikos Papatakis. It was entered into the 1963 Cannes Film Festival. A violent and surrealistic mixture of farce and social commentary, its story was inspired by the real-life case of the Papin s ...
'' at the
Cannes Film Festival The Cannes Festival (; french: link=no, Festival de Cannes), until 2003 called the International Film Festival (') and known in English as the Cannes Film Festival, is an annual film festival held in Cannes, France, which previews new films ...
, they chose Francine Bergé who also played the role of Michele in the film. Franju cast
Édith Scob Édith Scob (21 October 1937 – 26 June 2019) was a French film and theatre actress, best known for her role as the daughter with a disfigured face in '' Eyes Without a Face'' (1960). Early life and family Scob was born Édith Helena Vladimirov ...
as Jacqueline who he had worked with on his previous films, including '' Eyes Without a Face'' and '' Thérèse Desqueyroux''.


Release and reception

''Judex'' was released on December 4, 1963, in
France France (), officially the French Republic ( ), is a country primarily located in Western Europe. It also comprises of Overseas France, overseas regions and territories in the Americas and the Atlantic Ocean, Atlantic, Pacific Ocean, Pac ...
. The general reception for the French critics of ''Judex'' was fairly positive, with most critics applauded the homage to the original silent film serial while noting the problems that arose when with the over-conscientious approach to style and atmosphere.Ince 2005, p. 57. A critic from ''
L'Express ''L'Express'' () is a French weekly news magazine headquartered in Paris. The weekly stands at the political centre in the French media landscape, and has a lifestyle supplement, ''L'Express Styles'', and a job supplement, ''Réussir''. History ...
'' wrote that the film was "pure entertainment, pure charm, a total success".Ince 2005, p. 56. while another from ''
Les Nouvelles littéraires ''Les Nouvelles littéraires'' was a French literary and artistic newspaper created in October 1922 by the Éditions Larousse. It disappeared in 1985 after having taken the title '. History ''Les Nouvelles littéraires'' were headed by from 1922 ...
'' called the film's pacing "lazy" and the film direction "nonchalant, not to say laborious".
Claude Mauriac Claude Mauriac (25 April 1914 – 22 March 1996) was a French author and journalist. He was born in Paris, the eldest son of the author François Mauriac. Mauriac was the personal secretary of Charles de Gaulle from 1944 to 1949, before becoming ...
of '' Le Figaro littéraire'' wrote that the film did not let the audience relate to the action as it was too caught up attracting them to the "plastic beauty" of the film. The film opened up to generally positive review in the
United States The United States of America (U.S.A. or USA), commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country Continental United States, primarily located in North America. It consists of 50 U.S. state, states, a Washington, D.C., ...
as well. ''
Variety Variety may refer to: Arts and entertainment Entertainment formats * Variety (radio) * Variety show, in theater and television Films * ''Variety'' (1925 film), a German silent film directed by Ewald Andre Dupont * ''Variety'' (1935 film), ...
'' wrote a positive review stating that the film was "...a successful homage to the French film serials of the early, silent days...
he film He or HE may refer to: Language * He (pronoun), an English pronoun * He (kana), the romanization of the Japanese kana へ * He (letter), the fifth letter of many Semitic alphabets * He (Cyrillic), a letter of the Cyrillic script called ''He'' ...
does not send up this form of pic but rather captures its essential simplicity, adventurousness and innocence." ''
Time Time is the continued sequence of existence and event (philosophy), events that occurs in an apparently irreversible process, irreversible succession from the past, through the present, into the future. It is a component quantity of various me ...
'' also wrote a positive review stating "Judex has too much low-key charm and seriousness to be wildly funny, but Director Franju seems content to woo a minority taste." ''
The New York Times ''The New York Times'' (''the Times'', ''NYT'', or the Gray Lady) is a daily newspaper based in New York City with a worldwide readership reported in 2020 to comprise a declining 840,000 paid print subscribers, and a growing 6 million paid ...
'' wrote a negative review, stating that ''Judex'' "suffers from several afflictions, one of which is ambiguity. It is hard to tell whether Georges Franju, who made it, wants us to laugh at it or take it seriously." Modern reception has been generally positive. Jonathan Rosenbaum of the
Chicago Reader The ''Chicago Reader'', or ''Reader'' (stylized as ЯEADER), is an American alternative weekly newspaper in Chicago, Illinois, noted for its literary style of journalism and coverage of the arts, particularly film and theater. It was founded by ...
wrote that ''Judex'' was "one of the better features of ranju'smiddle period". ''
Time Out Time-out, Time Out, or timeout may refer to: Time * Time-out (sport), in various sports, a break in play, called by a team * Television timeout, a break in sporting action so that a commercial break may be taken * Timeout (computing), an engine ...
'' wrote that the film is "superbly elegant" and an "enjoyable tribute to the adventure fantasies of
Louis Feuillade Louis Feuillade (; 19 February 1873 – 25 February 1925) was a French filmmaker of the silent era. Between 1906 and 1924, he directed over 630 films. He is primarily known for the crime serials '' Fantômas'', '' Les Vampires'' and '' Judex ...
".


Home media

A Region 2 release of ''Judex'' was released on August 25, 2008, by Eureka in their
Masters of Cinema Masters of Cinema is a line of DVD and Blu-ray releases published through Eureka Entertainment. Because of the uniformly branded and spine-numbered packaging and the standard inclusion of booklets and analysis by recurring film historians, the ...
series.Dvdbeaver.com" Judex Franju Nuits Rouge
dvdbeaver.com Retrieved: October 25, 2008.
This release also included the 1973 film ''
Nuits Rouges ''Nuits Rouges'' is a 1974 French-Italian crime and thriller film directed by Georges Franju. The film was released in the U.S. in an English-dubbed version by New Line Cinema under the title ''Shadowman'' in 1975. Cast * Gayle Hunnicutt as La ...
'' also directed by
Georges Franju Georges Franju (; 12 April 1912 – 5 November 1987) was a French filmmaker. He was born in Fougères, Ille-et-Vilaine. Biography Early life Before working in French cinema, Franju held several different jobs. These included working for a ...
.


References


Bibliography

* Ince, Kate. ''Georges Franju''. Manchester University Press, 2005. .


External links

* * * *
''The Secret Heart of Judex''
an essay by Geoffrey O’Brien at the
Criterion Collection The Criterion Collection, Inc. (or simply Criterion) is an American home-video distribution company that focuses on licensing, restoring and distributing "important classic and contemporary films." Criterion serves film and media scholars, cine ...
{{Authority control 1963 films 1960s French-language films French black-and-white films 1960s crime thriller films French crime films Italian crime films Remakes of French films Sound film remakes of silent films Films directed by Georges Franju Films scored by Maurice Jarre 1960s Italian films 1960s French films