Judea or Judaea ( or ; from he, יהודה,
Standard Standard may refer to:
Symbols
* Colours, standards and guidons, kinds of military signs
* Standard (emblem), a type of a large symbol or emblem used for identification
Norms, conventions or requirements
* Standard (metrology), an object th ...
''Yəhūda'',
Tiberian ''Yehūḏā''; el, Ἰουδαία, ; la, Iūdaea) is an ancient, historic,
Biblical Hebrew, contemporaneous
Latin
Latin (, or , ) is a classical language belonging to the Italic branch of the Indo-European languages. Latin was originally a dialect spoken in the lower Tiber area (then known as Latium) around present-day Rome, but through the power of the ...
, and the modern-day name of the mountainous southern part of the modern States of
Palestine and
Israel
Israel (; he, יִשְׂרָאֵל, ; ar, إِسْرَائِيل, ), officially the State of Israel ( he, מְדִינַת יִשְׂרָאֵל, label=none, translit=Medīnat Yīsrāʾēl; ), is a country in Western Asia. It is situated ...
.
The name originates from the
Hebrew name Yehudah, a son of the biblical
patriarch Jacob/Israel, with Yehudah's progeny forming the biblical Israelite
tribe of Judah (Yehudah) and later the associated
Kingdom of Judah.
Related nomenclature continued to be used by the Babylonians,
Persian
Persian may refer to:
* People and things from Iran, historically called ''Persia'' in the English language
** Persians, the majority ethnic group in Iran, not to be conflated with the Iranic peoples
** Persian language, an Iranian language of the ...
,
Hellenistic, and
Roman periods as the
Babylonian and
Persian
Persian may refer to:
* People and things from Iran, historically called ''Persia'' in the English language
** Persians, the majority ethnic group in Iran, not to be conflated with the Iranic peoples
** Persian language, an Iranian language of the ...
Yehud,
Hasmonean Kingdom of Judea, and consequently
Herodian
Herodian or Herodianus ( el, Ἡρωδιανός) of Syria, sometimes referred to as "Herodian of Antioch" (c. 170 – c. 240), was a minor Roman civil servant who wrote a colourful history in Greek titled ''History of the Empire from the Death o ...
and
Roman Judea, respectively.
Under Hasmonean, Herodian and Roman rule, the term was applied to an area larger than the historical region of Judea. In 132
AD, the province of Judaea was merged with
Galilee into an enlarged province named
Syria Palaestina.
The term ''Judea'' was revived by the Israeli government in the 20th century as part of the Israeli administrative district name
Judea and Samaria Area
The Judea and Samaria Area ( he, אֵזוֹר יְהוּדָה וְשׁוֹמְרוֹן, translit=Ezor Yehuda VeShomron; ar, يهودا والسامرة, translit=Yahūda wa-s-Sāmara) is an administrative division of Israel. It encompasses th ...
for the territory generally referred to as the
West Bank
The West Bank ( ar, الضفة الغربية, translit=aḍ-Ḍiffah al-Ġarbiyyah; he, הגדה המערבית, translit=HaGadah HaMaʽaravit, also referred to by some Israelis as ) is a landlocked territory near the coast of the Mediter ...
.
Etymology
The name ''Judea'' is a Greek and
Roman adaptation of the name "
Judah", which originally encompassed the territory of the
Israelite tribe of that name and later of the ancient
Kingdom of Judah.
Nimrud Tablet K.3751, dated c. 733 BCE, is the earliest known record of the name Judah (written in
Assyrian cuneiform
Cuneiform is a logo- syllabic script that was used to write several languages of the Ancient Middle East. The script was in active use from the early Bronze Age until the beginning of the Common Era. It is named for the characteristic wedge-s ...
as Yaudaya or KUR.ia-ú-da-a-a).
Judea was sometimes used as the name for the entire region, including parts
beyond the river Jordan. In 200 CE
Sextus Julius Africanus
Sextus Julius Africanus (c. 160 – c. 240; Greek: Σέξτος Ἰούλιος ὁ Ἀφρικανός or ὁ Λίβυς) was a Christian traveler and historian of the late second and early third centuries. He is important chiefly because o ...
, cited by
Eusebius (''Church History'' 1.7.14), described "Nazara" (
Nazareth) as a village in Judea. The
King James Version of the Bible refers to the region as "Jewry".
"Judea" was a name used by English speakers for the hilly internal part of
Mandatory Palestine
Mandatory Palestine ( ar, فلسطين الانتدابية '; he, פָּלֶשְׂתִּינָה (א״י) ', where "E.Y." indicates ''’Eretz Yiśrā’ēl'', the Land of Israel) was a geopolitical entity established between 1920 and 1948 ...
until the Jordanian rule of the area in 1948. For example, the borders of the two states to be established according to the UN's 1947 partition scheme were officially described using the terms "Judea" and "Samaria" and in its reports to the League of Nations Mandatory Committee, as in 1937, the geographical terms employed were "Samaria and Judea".
Jordan
Jordan ( ar, الأردن; tr. ' ), officially the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan,; tr. ' is a country in Western Asia. It is situated at the crossroads of Asia, Africa, and Europe, within the Levant region, on the East Bank of the Jordan Rive ...
called the area ''ad-difa’a al-gharbiya'' (translated into English as the "West Bank").
["This Side of the River Jordan; On Language,"]
Philologos, September 22, 2010, Forward. "Yehuda" is the Hebrew term used for the area in modern
Israel
Israel (; he, יִשְׂרָאֵל, ; ar, إِسْرَائِيل, ), officially the State of Israel ( he, מְדִינַת יִשְׂרָאֵל, label=none, translit=Medīnat Yīsrāʾēl; ), is a country in Western Asia. It is situated ...
since the region was captured and occupied by Israel in 1967.
Historical boundaries
Roman-period definition
The first century Roman-Jewish historian
Josephus wrote (''
The Jewish War
''The Jewish War'' or ''Judean War'' (in full ''Flavius Josephus' Books of the History of the Jewish War against the Romans'', el, Φλαυίου Ἰωσήπου ἱστορία Ἰουδαϊκοῦ πολέμου πρὸς Ῥωμαίους ...
'' 3.3.5):
In the limits of Samaria and Judea lies the village Anuath, which is also named Borceos. This is the northern boundary of Judea. The southern parts of Judea, if they be measured lengthways, are bounded by a village adjoining to the confines of Arabia
The Arabian Peninsula, (; ar, شِبْهُ الْجَزِيرَةِ الْعَرَبِيَّة, , "Arabian Peninsula" or , , "Island of the Arabs") or Arabia, is a peninsula of Western Asia, situated northeast of Africa on the Arabian Plat ...
; the Jews
Jews ( he, יְהוּדִים, , ) or Jewish people are an ethnoreligious group and nation originating from the Israelites Israelite origins and kingdom: "The first act in the long drama of Jewish history is the age of the Israelites""The ...
that dwell there call it Jordan. However, its breadth is extended from the river Jordan to Joppa. The city Jerusalem is situated in the very middle; on which account some have, with sagacity enough, called that city the Navel of the country. Nor indeed is Judea destitute of such delights as come from the sea, since its maritime places extend as far as Ptolemais: it was parted into eleven portions, of which the royal city Jerusalem
Jerusalem (; he, יְרוּשָׁלַיִם ; ar, القُدس ) (combining the Biblical and common usage Arabic names); grc, Ἱερουσαλήμ/Ἰεροσόλυμα, Hierousalḗm/Hierosóluma; hy, Երուսաղեմ, Erusałēm. i ...
was the supreme, and presided over all the neighboring country, as the head does over the body. As to the other cities that were inferior to it, they presided over their several toparchies; Gophna was the second of those cities, and next to that Acrabatta, after them Thamna, and Lydda
Lod ( he, לוד, or fully vocalized ; ar, اللد, al-Lidd or ), also known as Lydda ( grc, Λύδδα), is a city southeast of Tel Aviv and northwest of Jerusalem in the Central District of Israel. It is situated between the lower Sheph ...
, and Emmaus, and Pella, and Idumea, and Engaddi
Ein Gedi ( he, עֵין גֶּדִי, ), also spelled En Gedi, meaning "spring of the goat, kid", is an oasis, an Archaeological site, archeological site and a nature reserve in Israel, located west of the Dead Sea, near Masada and the Qu ...
, and Herodium
Herodion ( grc, Ἡρώδειον, ar, هيروديون, he, הרודיון), Herodium (Latin), or Jabal al-Fureidis ( ar, جبل فريديس, , "Mountain of the Little Paradise") is an ancient Jewish fortress and town, located in what is now ...
, and Jericho; and after them came Jamnia and Joppa, as presiding over the neighboring people; and besides these there was the region of Gamala, and Gaulonitis, and Batanea, and Trachonitis, which are also parts of the kingdom of Agrippa. This astcountry begins at Mount Libanus, and the fountains of Jordan, and reaches breadthways to Lake Tiberias
The Sea of Galilee ( he, יָם כִּנֶּרֶת, Judeo-Aramaic: יַמּא דטבריא, גִּנֵּיסַר, ar, بحيرة طبريا), also called Lake Tiberias, Kinneret or Kinnereth, is a freshwater lake in Israel. It is the lowest f ...
; and in length is extended from a village called Arpha, as far as Julias. Its inhabitants are a mixture of Jews and Syrians. And thus have I, with all possible brevity, described the country of Judea, and those that lie round about it.
Elsewhere, Josephus wrote that "Arabia is a country that borders on Judea."
Geography
Judea is a mountainous region, part of which is considered a
desert. It varies greatly in height, rising to an altitude of 1,020 m (3,346 ft) in the south at
Mount Hebron
The Hebron Hills, also known as Mount Hebron ( ar, جبل الخليل, translit=Jabal al-Khalīl, he, הר חברון, translit=Har Hevron), are a mountain ridge, geographic region, and geologic formation, comprising the southern part of the J ...
, southwest of
Jerusalem
Jerusalem (; he, יְרוּשָׁלַיִם ; ar, القُدس ) (combining the Biblical and common usage Arabic names); grc, Ἱερουσαλήμ/Ἰεροσόλυμα, Hierousalḗm/Hierosóluma; hy, Երուսաղեմ, Erusałēm. i ...
, and descending to as much as 400 m (1,312 ft) ''below'' sea level in the east of the region. It also varies in rainfall, starting with about in the western hills, rising to around western Jerusalem (in central Judea), falling back to in eastern Jerusalem and dropping to around in the eastern parts, due to a
rainshadow effect (this is the Judean desert). The climate, accordingly, moves between
Mediterranean
The Mediterranean Sea is a sea connected to the Atlantic Ocean, surrounded by the Mediterranean Basin and almost completely enclosed by land: on the north by Western Europe, Western and Southern Europe and Anatolia, on the south by North Africa ...
in the west and
desert climate in the east, with a strip of
steppe climate in the middle. Major urban areas in the region include Jerusalem,
Bethlehem,
Gush Etzion
Gush Etzion ( he, גּוּשׁ עֶצְיוֹן, ' Etzion Bloc) is a cluster of Israeli settlements located in the Judaean Mountains, directly south of Jerusalem and Bethlehem in the West Bank. The core group includes four Jewish agricultural v ...
, Jericho and
Hebron.
Geographers divide Judea into several regions: the Hebron hills, the Jerusalem saddle, the
Bethel hills and the
Judean desert east of Jerusalem, which descends in a series of steps to the
Dead Sea. The hills are distinct for their
anticline structure. In ancient times the hills were forested, and the
Bible records agriculture and sheep farming being practiced in the area. Animals are still grazed today, with shepherds moving them between the low ground to the hilltops as summer approaches, while the slopes are still layered with centuries-old stone
terracing. The Jewish Revolt against the Romans ended in the devastation of vast areas of the Judean countryside.
Mount Hazor marks the geographical boundary between Samaria to its north and Judea to its south.
Biblical patriarchs narrative
Judea is central to much of the narrative of the
Torah, with the
Patriarchs
The highest-ranking bishops in Eastern Orthodoxy, Oriental Orthodoxy, the Catholic Church (above major archbishop and primate), the Hussite Church, Church of the East, and some Independent Catholic Churches are termed patriarchs (and in certa ...
Abraham,
Isaac and
Jacob said to have been buried at
Hebron in the
Tomb of the Patriarchs
A tomb ( grc-gre, τύμβος ''tumbos'') is a repository for the remains of the dead. It is generally any structurally enclosed interment space or burial chamber, of varying sizes. Placing a corpse into a tomb can be called ''immureme ...
.
History
Iron Age, Assyrian, and Babylonian period
The early history of Judah is uncertain; the biblical account states that the Kingdom of Judah, along with the
Kingdom of Israel, was a successor to a
united monarchy of Israel and Judah, but modern scholarship generally holds that the united monarchy is ahistorical.
[Finkelstein, Israel, and Silberman, Neil Asher, ''The Bible Unearthed : Archaeology's New Vision of Ancient Israel and the Origin of Its Sacred Texts'', Simon & Schuster, 2002. ] Regardless, the Northern Kingdom was conquered by the
Neo-Assyrian Empire in 720 BCE. The Kingdom of Judah remained nominally independent, but paid tribute to the Assyrian Empire from 715 and throughout the first half of the 7th century BCE, regaining its independence as the Assyrian Empire declined after 640 BCE, but after 609 again fell under the sway of imperial rule, this time paying tribute at first to the Egyptians and after 601 BCE to the
Neo-Babylonian Empire, until 586 BCE, when it was finally conquered by Babylonia.
Persian and Hellenistic periods
The Babylonian Empire fell to the conquests of
Cyrus the Great in 539 BCE. Judea remained under Persian rule until the conquest of
Alexander the Great
Alexander III of Macedon ( grc, Ἀλέξανδρος, Alexandros; 20/21 July 356 BC – 10/11 June 323 BC), commonly known as Alexander the Great, was a king of the ancient Greek kingdom of Macedon. He succeeded his father Philip II to ...
in 332 BCE, eventually falling under the rule of the
Hellenistic Seleucid Empire until the revolt of
Judas Maccabeus resulted in the
Hasmonean dynasty of kings who ruled in Judea for over a century.
Roman period
Judea lost its independence to the Romans in the 1st century BCE, becoming first a tributary kingdom, then a province, of the Roman Empire. The Romans had allied themselves to the
Maccabees and interfered again in 63 BCE, at the end of the
Third Mithridatic War, when the
proconsul Pompeius Magnus
Gnaeus Pompeius Magnus (; 29 September 106 BC – 28 September 48 BC), known in English as Pompey or Pompey the Great, was a leading Roman general and statesman. He played a significant role in the transformation of ...
("Pompey the Great") stayed behind to make the area secure for Rome, including his
siege of Jerusalem in 63 BCE. Queen
Salome Alexandra
Salome Alexandra, or Shlomtzion ( grc-gre, Σαλώμη Ἀλεξάνδρα; he, , ''Šəlōmṣīyyōn''; 141–67 BCE), was one of three women to rule over Judea, the other two being Athaliah and Devora. The wife of Aristobulus I, and ...
had recently died, and a civil war broke out between her sons,
Hyrcanus II
John Hyrcanus II (, ''Yohanan Hurqanos'') (died 30 BCE), a member of the Hasmonean dynasty, was for a long time the Jewish High Priest in the 1st century BCE. He was also briefly King of Judea 67–66 BCE and then the ethnarch (ruler) of J ...
and
Aristobulus II
Aristobulus II (, grc, Ἀριστόβουλος ''Aristóboulos'') was the Jewish High Priest and King of Judea, 66 BCE to 63 BCE, from the Hasmonean dynasty.
Family
Aristobulus was the younger son of Alexander Jannaeus, King and High Pries ...
. Pompeius restored Hyrcanus but political rule passed to the
Herodian family who ruled as
client kings. In 6 CE, Judea came under direct Roman rule as the southern part of the province of
Iudaea
Judaea ( la, Iudaea ; grc, Ἰουδαία, translit=Ioudaíā ) was a Roman province which incorporated the regions of Judea, Samaria, and Idumea from 6 CE, extending over parts of the former regions of the Hasmonean and Herodian kingdoms of ...
, although Jews living in the province still maintained some form of independence and could judge offenders by their own laws, including capital offences, until c. 28 CE. The Province of Judea, during the late
Hellenistic period and early
Roman period was also divided into five conclaves: Jerusalem (ירושלם),
Gadara
Gadara ( el, Γάδαρα ''Gádara''), in some texts Gedaris, was an ancient Hellenistic city, for a long time member of the Decapolis city league, a former bishopric and present Latin Catholic titular see.
Its ruins are today located at Umm ...
(גדרה),
Amathus
Amathus or Amathous ( grc, Ἀμαθοῦς) was an ancient city and one of the ancient royal cities of Cyprus until about 300 BC. Some of its impressive remains can be seen today on the southern coast in front of Agios Tychonas, about west o ...
(עמתו),
Jericho (יריחו), and
Sepphoris (צפורין), and during the Roman period had eleven administrative districts (toparchies): Jerusalem,
Gophna,
Akrabatta,
Thamna,
Lydda
Lod ( he, לוד, or fully vocalized ; ar, اللد, al-Lidd or ), also known as Lydda ( grc, Λύδδα), is a city southeast of Tel Aviv and northwest of Jerusalem in the Central District of Israel. It is situated between the lower Sheph ...
,
Ammaus,
Pella
Pella ( el, Πέλλα) is an ancient city located in Central Macedonia, Greece. It is best-known for serving as the capital city of the ancient Greek kingdom of Macedon, and was the birthplace of Alexander the Great.
On site of the ancient cit ...
,
Idumaea
Edom (; Edomite: ; he, אֱדוֹם , lit.: "red"; Akkadian: , ; Ancient Egyptian: ) was an ancient kingdom in Transjordan, located between Moab to the northeast, the Arabah to the west, and the Arabian Desert to the south and east.N ...
,
Engaddi
Ein Gedi ( he, עֵין גֶּדִי, ), also spelled En Gedi, meaning "spring of the goat, kid", is an oasis, an Archaeological site, archeological site and a nature reserve in Israel, located west of the Dead Sea, near Masada and the Qu ...
,
Herodeion, and
Jericho.
Eventually, the Jewish population
rose against Roman rule in 66 CE in a revolt that was unsuccessful. Jerusalem was
besieged in 70 CE and much of the population was killed or enslaved.
70 years later the Jewish population
revolted under the leadership of
Simon bar Kokhba and established the last Kingdom of Israel, which lasted three years, before the Romans managed to conquer the province for good, at a high cost in terms of manpower and expense.
After the defeat of Bar Kokhba (132–135 CE) the
Roman Emperor Hadrian was determined to wipe out the identity of Israel-Judah-Judea, and renamed it
Syria Palaestina. Until that time the area had been called the "province of Judea" (
Roman Judea) by the Romans. At the same time, he changed the name of the city of
Jerusalem
Jerusalem (; he, יְרוּשָׁלַיִם ; ar, القُدس ) (combining the Biblical and common usage Arabic names); grc, Ἱερουσαλήμ/Ἰεροσόλυμα, Hierousalḗm/Hierosóluma; hy, Երուսաղեմ, Erusałēm. i ...
to
Aelia Capitolina
Aelia Capitolina (Traditional English Pronunciation: ; Latin in full: ) was a Roman colony founded during Emperor Hadrian's trip to Judah in 129/130, centered around Jerusalem, which had been almost totally razed after the siege of 70 CE. The f ...
. The Romans killed many Jews and sold many more into slavery; many Jews departed into the
Jewish diaspora, but there was never a complete Jewish abandonment of the area, and Jews have been an important (and sometimes persecuted) minority in Judea since that time.
Byzantine period
The
Byzantines redrew the borders of the land of Palestine. The various Roman provinces (
Syria Palaestina,
Samaria,
Galilee, and
Peraea) were reorganized into three dioceses of Palaestina, reverting to the name first used by Greek historian
Herodotus
Herodotus ( ; grc, , }; BC) was an ancient Greek historian and geographer
A geographer is a physical scientist, social scientist or humanist whose area of study is geography, the study of Earth's natural environment and human society ...
in the mid-5th century BCE:
Palaestina Prima
Palaestina Prima or Palaestina I was a Byzantine province that existed from the late 4th century until the Muslim conquest of the Levant in the 630s, in the region of Palestine. It was temporarily lost to the Sassanid Empire (Persian Empire) in ...
,
Secunda, and Tertia or
Salutaris (First, Second, and Third Palestine), part of the
Diocese of the East
The Diocese of the East ( la, Dioecesis Orientis; el, ) was a diocese of the later Roman Empire, incorporating the provinces of the western Middle East, between the Mediterranean Sea and Mesopotamia. During late Antiquity, it was one of the majo ...
.
[Shahin (2005), p. 8] Palaestina Prima consisted of Judea, Samaria, the
Paralia, and
Peraea with the governor residing in
Caesarea. Palaestina Secunda consisted of Galilee, the lower
Jezreel Valley
The Jezreel Valley (from the he, עמק יזרעאל, translit. ''ʿĒmeq Yīzrəʿēʿl''), or Marj Ibn Amir ( ar, مرج ابن عامر), also known as the Valley of Megiddo, is a large fertile plain and inland valley in the Northern Distr ...
, the regions east of Galilee, and the western part of the former
Decapolis
The Decapolis (Greek: grc, Δεκάπολις, Dekápolis, Ten Cities, label=none) was a group of ten Hellenistic cities on the eastern frontier of the Roman Empire in the Southern Levant in the first centuries BCE and CE. They formed a group ...
with the seat of government at
Scythopolis. Palaestina Tertia included the
Negev, southern Jordan—once part of Arabia—and most of
Sinai, with
Petra as the usual residence of the governor. Palestina Tertia was also known as Palaestina Salutaris.
According to historian H.H. Ben-Sasson, this reorganisation took place under
Diocletian (284–305), although other scholars suggest this change occurred later, in 390.
Timeline
* Around 900–586 BCE:
Kingdom of Judah
* 586–539 BCE:
Yehud
Yehud ( he, יְהוּד) is a city in the Central District of Israel that is part of the joint municipality of Yehud-Monosson. In 2007, the city's population stood at approximately 30,000 people (including Neve Monosson – see below).
History ...
,
Babylonian Empire
Babylonia (; Akkadian: , ''māt Akkadī'') was an ancient Akkadian-speaking state and cultural area based in the city of Babylon in central-southern Mesopotamia (present-day Iraq and parts of Syria). It emerged as an Amorite-ruled state ...
* 539–332 BCE:
Yehud Medinata,
Persian Empire
* 332–305 BCE:
Macedonian Empire of Alexander the Great
* 305–198 BCE:
Ptolemaic Egypt
* 198–141 BCE:
Seleucid Empire
* 141–37 BCE: The
Hasmonean kingdom established by the
Maccabees, under the Roman Empire after 63 BCE
* 63 BCE:
Pompey's conquest of Jerusalem
* 37 BCE – 132 CE:
Herodian dynasty ruling Judea as a
vassal state of the Roman Empire (37–4 BCE
Herod the Great, 4 BCE – 6 CE
Herod Archelaus, 41–44 CE
Agrippa I), interchanging with
direct Roman rule (6–41, 44–132)
* c. 25 BCE:
Caesarea Maritima is built by Herod the Great, replacing Jerusalem as the capital
* 6 CE the Roman Empire deposed Herod Archelaus and converted his territory into the Roman province of Judea.
**
Census of Quirinius
The Census of Quirinius is generally believed to be a census of Judea taken by Publius Sulpicius Quirinius, governor of Roman Syria, upon the imposition of direct Roman rule in 6 CE. The Gospel of Luke uses it to date the birth of Jesus, wh ...
, too late to correspond to census related to
Jesus
Jesus, likely from he, יֵשׁוּעַ, translit=Yēšūaʿ, label= Hebrew/ Aramaic ( AD 30 or 33), also referred to as Jesus Christ or Jesus of Nazareth (among other names and titles), was a first-century Jewish preacher and religiou ...
' birth
* 26–36:
Pontius Pilate prefect of
Roman Judea during the
Crucifixion of Jesus
The crucifixion and death of Jesus occurred in 1st-century Judea, most likely in AD 30 or AD 33. It is described in the four canonical gospels, referred to in the New Testament epistles, attested to by other ancient sources, and consid ...
* 66–73:
First Jewish–Roman War, includes
Destruction of the Second Temple
The siege of Jerusalem of 70 CE was the decisive event of the First Jewish–Roman War (66–73 CE), in which the Roman army led by future emperor Titus besieged Jerusalem, the center of Jewish rebel resistance in the Roman province of Ju ...
in 70
* 115–117:
Kitos War
The Kitos War (115–117; he, מרד הגלויות, mered ha-galuyot, or ''mered ha-tfutzot''; "rebellion of the diaspora" la, Tumultus Iudaicus) was one of the major Jewish–Roman wars (66–136). The rebellions erupted in 115, when most ...
* 132: Judea was merged with Galilee into the enlarged province of
Syria Palaestina.
Selected towns and cities
Judea, in the generic sense, also incorporates places in Galilee and in Samaria.
See also
*
Timeline of the name "Judea"
*
Seleucid Empire vs.
Maccabean Revolt
*
History of Palestine
*
Ioudaios
*
Kitos War
The Kitos War (115–117; he, מרד הגלויות, mered ha-galuyot, or ''mered ha-tfutzot''; "rebellion of the diaspora" la, Tumultus Iudaicus) was one of the major Jewish–Roman wars (66–136). The rebellions erupted in 115, when most ...
*
Judaea (Roman province)
*
State of Judea
References
External links
Judea and civil war
Judea photos��Project of the Dinur Center for Research in Jewish History,
Hebrew University of Jerusalem
{{Authority control
Historical regions in Israel
Geography of the State of Palestine
Hebrew Bible regions
New Testament regions
West Bank