Joud el Bayeh (also spelled Jud Bayeh or Judd Bayeh,

Arabic Arabic (, ' ; , ' or ) is a Semitic language spoken primarily across the Arab world.Semitic languages: an international handbook / edited by Stefan Weninger; in collaboration with Geoffrey Khan, Michael P. Streck, Janet C. E.Watson; Walter ...

: جود البايع or جود البائع) was a Lebanese

Kataeb party The Kataeb Party ( ar, حزب الكتائب اللبنانية '), also known in English as the Phalanges, is a Christian political party in Lebanon. The party played a major role in the Lebanese Civil War (1975–1990). In decline in the l ...

leader, responsible for the area of

Zgharta Zgharta ( ar, زغرتا, syc, ܙܓܪܬܐ), also spelled Zghorta, is a city in North Lebanon, with an estimated population of around 50,000. It is the second biggest city in Northern Lebanon after Tripoli. Zgharta is about 150 metres above se ...

in the

North North is one of the four compass points or cardinal directions. It is the opposite of south and is perpendicular to east and west. ''North'' is a noun, adjective, or adverb indicating direction or geography. Etymology The word ''north'' is ...

Lebanon Lebanon ( , ar, لُبْنَان, translit=lubnān, ), officially the Republic of Lebanon () or the Lebanese Republic, is a country in Western Asia. It is located between Syria to the north and east and Israel to the south, while Cyprus li ...

. His assassination on June 7, 1978 is believed to have triggered the

Ehden Massacre The Ehden massacre ( ar, مجزرة إهدن) took place on 13 June 1978, part of the 1975–1990 Lebanese Civil War. It was an inter-Christian attack that occurred between the Maronite clans. A Phalangist squad attacked the mansion of Frangi ...

. He was director of the Banque de la Méditerrannée (later BankMed) in

Chekka Chekka is coastal town located in North Lebanon. It is located north of Râs ach-Chaq’a’ and Herri beaches, or Theoprosopon of classical times and south of the ancient Phoenician port of Enfeh and the city of Tripoli. The origin of the word ...

, president of the municipal council of Kfardlakos (a village in Zgharta), and vice-president of the Zgharta region of the Kataeb. The Joud el Bayeh Foundation (مؤسسة جود البايع الخيرية) was created in his name.

Assassination

In 1978, tensions were high in the North between the Kataeb and Marada parties when the Kataeb tried to expend their power in the region. Bayeh attempted to open a Phalanges (Kataeb) office in Zgharta, but was killed on June 8, 1978 by six armed men sent by Tony Franjieh. On June 13, Kataeb leader

Bashir Gemayel Bachir Pierre Gemayel ( ; 10 November 1947 – 14 September 1982) was a Lebanese militia commander who led the Lebanese Forces, the military wing of the Kataeb Party in the Lebanese Civil War and was elected President of Lebanon in 1982. ...

decided to strike back, killing Franjyeh, his wife Vera, their three-year-old daughter Jihane, and 30 other Marada bodyguards and aides; it came to be known as the

. The raid was carried out by a force of 500 commandos. Commander

Elie Hobeika Elie Hobeika ( ar, إيلي حبيقة; 22 September 1956 – 24 January 2002) was a Lebanese militia commander in the Lebanese Forces militia during the Lebanese Civil War and one of Bashir Gemayel's close confidants. After the murder of Ge ...

was responsible for firing the deadly shots, and commander

Samir Geagea Samir Farid Geagea ( ar, سمير فريد جعجع Lebanese pron.: , also spelled Samir Ja'ja'; born 25 October 1952) is a Lebanese politician and militia commander who has been leading the Lebanese Forces party and dissolved militia ...

was wounded and lost consciousness before getting into the house. Gemayel initially tried to settle the problem by negotiations through

Maronite The Maronites ( ar, الموارنة; syr, ܡܖ̈ܘܢܝܐ) are a Christian ethnoreligious group native to the Eastern Mediterranean and Levant region of the Middle East, whose members traditionally belong to the Maronite Church, with the larges ...

Patriarch Antonios Khreich, but they were unsuccessful. He then decided to retaliate with a reprisal raid deep into Frangieh's mansion in

Ehden Ehden ( ar, إِهْدِن, Syriac-Aramaic: ܐܗܕ ܢ ) is a mountainous city in the heart of the northern mountains of Lebanon and on the southwestern slopes of Mount Makmal in the Mount Lebanon Range. Its residents are the people of Zgharta, ...

. The original plan was to arrest those who had murdered Al Bayeh, who were known to be hiding in Frangieh's summer residence in

.{{Cite web, title=Dossier: Samir Geagea Leader of the Lebanese Forces (LF) movement, url=http://aramean-dem.org/English/politik/78.htm, access-date=2021-02-07, website=aramean-dem.org

References

Kataeb Party politicians Zgharta District Assassinations in Lebanon 1978 in Lebanon Lebanese Civil War Marada Movement politicians

Assassination

See also

References