Augustin Alfred Joseph Paul-Boncour (; 4 August 1873 – 28 March 1972) was a French politician and diplomat of the
Third Republic. He was a member of the
Republican-Socialist Party
The Republican-Socialist Party (french: Parti républicain-socialiste, PRS) was a French socialist political party during the French Third Republic founded in 1911 and dissolved in 1934.
Founded by non-Marxist socialists who refused to join ...
(PRS) and served as
Prime Minister of France from December 1932 to January 1933. He also served in a number of other government positions during the 1930s and as a Permanent Delegate to the League of Nations in 1936 during his tenure as Minister of State.
Career
Born in
Saint-Aignan, Loir-et-Cher, Paul-Boncour received a law degree from the
University of Paris
, image_name = Coat of arms of the University of Paris.svg
, image_size = 150px
, caption = Coat of Arms
, latin_name = Universitas magistrorum et scholarium Parisiensis
, motto = ''Hic et ubique terrarum'' (Latin)
, mottoeng = Here and a ...
and became active in the
labor movement, organizing the legal council of the ''
Bourses du Travail'' (
workers' associations). He was private secretary to Premier
Pierre Waldeck-Rousseau from 1898 to 1902. Elected to the
Chamber of Deputies
The chamber of deputies is the lower house in many bicameral legislatures and the sole house in some unicameral legislatures.
Description
Historically, French Chamber of Deputies was the lower house of the French Parliament during the Bourbon R ...
as a
Radical in 1909, he held his seat until 1914, briefly serving as
Minister of Labour from March to June 1911. After serving in the military during World War I, he returned to the
French National Assembly
The National Assembly (french: link=no, italics=set, Assemblée nationale; ) is the lower house of the bicameral French Parliament under the Fifth Republic, the upper house being the Senate (). The National Assembly's legislators are kn ...
.
Turning to Socialism, he joined the
SFIO in 1916. Paul-Boncour left the socialist party in 1931 because he considered imperative, in face of the League of Nations progressive powerlessness, to reinforce national defence, something the socialists opposed. After his resignation from the SFIO in 1931 he joined the
Republican-Socialist Party
The Republican-Socialist Party (french: Parti républicain-socialiste, PRS) was a French socialist political party during the French Third Republic founded in 1911 and dissolved in 1934.
Founded by non-Marxist socialists who refused to join ...
(PRS), which in 1935 merged with the
French Socialist Party (PSF) and the
Socialist Party of France-Jean Jaurès Union PSdF) to form the
Socialist Republican Union
The Socialist Republican Union (french: Union socialiste républicaine, USR) was a political party in France founded in 1935 during the late Third Republic which united the right-wing of the French Section of the Workers' International with the l ...
(USR). Also in 1931, Paul-Boncour was elected to the
Senate
A senate is a deliberative assembly, often the upper house or chamber of a bicameral legislature. The name comes from the ancient Roman Senate (Latin: ''Senatus''), so-called as an assembly of the senior (Latin: ''senex'' meaning "the el ...
, and served in that capacity until the establishment of the
Vichy régime in 1940 (during World War II).
During his time as a Senator, Paul-Boncour served in a variety of cabinet and diplomatic posts. He was the Permanent Delegate to the
League of Nations
The League of Nations (french: link=no, Société des Nations ) was the first worldwide intergovernmental organisation whose principal mission was to maintain world peace. It was founded on 10 January 1920 by the Paris Peace Conference th ...
from 1932 to 1936,
Minister of War in 1932, Premier from December 1932 to January 1933, and
Foreign Minister
A foreign affairs minister or minister of foreign affairs (less commonly minister for foreign affairs) is generally a cabinet minister in charge of a state's foreign policy and relations. The formal title of the top official varies between co ...
on two occasions (December 1932 to January 1934 and March–April 1938).
Paul-Boncour was
opposed to the formation of the Vichy government, and recommended continuing the fight against
Nazi Germany
Nazi Germany (lit. "National Socialist State"), ' (lit. "Nazi State") for short; also ' (lit. "National Socialist Germany") (officially known as the German Reich from 1933 until 1943, and the Greater German Reich from 1943 to 1945) was ...
after the
fall of France
The Battle of France (french: bataille de France) (10 May – 25 June 1940), also known as the Western Campaign ('), the French Campaign (german: Frankreichfeldzug, ) and the Fall of France, was the German invasion of France during the Second World ...
, from
Algiers
Algiers ( ; ar, الجزائر, al-Jazāʾir; ber, Dzayer, script=Latn; french: Alger, ) is the capital and largest city of Algeria. The city's population at the 2008 Census was 2,988,145Census 14 April 2008: Office National des Statistiques d ...
. As a member of the Consultative Assembly from 1944, he led the French delegation to the
United Nations conference in San Francisco and signed the ''
United Nations Charter
The Charter of the United Nations (UN) is the foundational treaty of the UN, an intergovernmental organization. It establishes the purposes, governing structure, and overall framework of the United Nations System, UN system, including its Organ ...
'' on behalf of France. He once again served as a senator from 1946 to 1948.
He died in Paris on 28 March 1972 at the age of 98.
Paul-Boncour's Ministry, 18 December 1932 – 31 January 1933
*Joseph Paul-Boncour – President of the Council and Minister of Foreign Affairs
*
Édouard Daladier – Minister of War
*
Camille Chautemps – Minister of the Interior
*
Henri Chéron – Minister of Finance
*
Albert Dalimier
Albert François Marie Dalimier (20 February 1875 – 6 May 1936) was a French politician.
Between 1932 and 1934 he was Minister of Labor, Minister of the Colonies (twice) and Minister of Justice in four of the short-lived cabinets of that perio ...
– Minister of Labour and Social Security Provisions
*
Abel Gardey
Abel Gardey (21 November 1882, Margouët-Meymes, Gers
Gers (; oc, Gers or , ) is a department in the region of Occitania, Southwestern France. Named after the Gers River, its inhabitants are called the ''Gersois'' and ''Gersoises'' in Fre ...
– Minister of Justice
*
Georges Leygues
Georges Leygues (; 29 October 1856 – 2 September 1933) was a French politician of the Third Republic. During his time as Minister of Marine he worked with the navy's chief of staff Henri Salaun in unsuccessful attempts to gain naval re-arm ...
– Minister of Marine
*
Léon Meyer – Minister of Merchant Marine
*
Paul Painlevé
Paul Painlevé (; 5 December 1863 – 29 October 1933) was a French mathematician and statesman. He served twice as Prime Minister of the Third Republic: 12 September – 13 November 1917 and 17 April – 22 November 1925. His entry into politic ...
– Minister of Air
*
Anatole de Monzie – Minister of National Education
*
Edmond Miellet – Minister of Pensions
*
Henri Queuille
Henri Queuille (; 31 March 1884 – 15 June 1970) was a French Radical politician prominent in the Third and Fourth Republics. After World War II, he served three times as Prime Minister.
Governments
First ministry (11 September 1948 – 28 O ...
– Minister of Agriculture
*
Albert Sarraut
Albert-Pierre Sarraut (; 28 July 1872 – 26 November 1962) was a French Radical politician, twice Prime Minister during the Third Republic.
Biography
Sarraut was born on 28 July 1872 in Bordeaux, Gironde, France.
On 14 March 1907 Sarraut, ...
– Minister of Colonies
*
Georges Bonnet – Minister of Public Works
*
Charles Daniélou – Minister of Public Health
*
Laurent Eynac
Laurent Eynac (4 October 1886 – 16 December 1970) was a French politician who was appointed Minister of Transportation on 7 June 1935 until 24 January 1936. He was born in Le Monastier-sur-Gazeille, Haute-Loire.
In 1940 Eynac was appointed M ...
– Minister of Posts, Telegraphs, and Telephones
*
Julien Durand – Minister of Commerce and Industry
List of positions held
References
External links
*
{{DEFAULTSORT:Paul-Boncour, Joseph
1873 births
1972 deaths
People from Loir-et-Cher
Politicians from Centre-Val de Loire
Republican-Socialist Party politicians
French Section of the Workers' International politicians
Socialist Republican Union politicians
Prime Ministers of France
French Foreign Ministers
French Ministers of War
French Ministers of War and National Defence
State ministers of France
Government ministers of France
Members of the 9th Chamber of Deputies of the French Third Republic
Members of the 10th Chamber of Deputies of the French Third Republic
Members of the 12th Chamber of Deputies of the French Third Republic
Members of the 13th Chamber of Deputies of the French Third Republic
Members of the 14th Chamber of Deputies of the French Third Republic
French Senators of the Third Republic
French Senators of the Fourth Republic
Senators of Loir-et-Cher
French senators elected by the National Assembly
The Vichy 80
20th-century French diplomats
French military personnel of World War I