Admiral of the Fleet John Paveley de Beauchamp, 1st Baron Beauchamp de Warwick
KG (c. 1316 – 2 December 1360) was the third son of
Guy de Beauchamp, 10th Earl of Warwick
Guy de Beauchamp, 10th Earl of Warwick (c. 127212 August 1315) was an English magnate, and one of the principal opponents of King Edward II and his favourite, Piers Gaveston. Guy was the son of William de Beauchamp, the first Beauchamp earl ...
, and brother of
Thomas de Beauchamp, 11th Earl of Warwick
Thomas de Beauchamp, 11th Earl of Warwick, KG (c. 14 February 131313 November 1369), sometimes styled as Lord Warwick, was an English nobleman and military commander during the Hundred Years' War. His reputation as a military leader was so f ...
, with whom he became a founder and the tenth Knight of the
Order of the Garter in 1348.
[George Frederick Beltz, ''Memorials of the Most Noble Order of the Garter'' (1861)]
Personal
John de Beauchamp was born in Warwick, England, sometime between 1307 and 1316. His parents were Guy De Beauchamp, Earl of Warwick, (1272–1315), Warwick) and Alice De Toeni, later Countess of Warwick, who had seven children, including John. Towards the end of his life he resided in the parish of St. Andrew, near Baynard's Castle,
City of London
The City of London is a city, ceremonial county and local government district that contains the historic centre and constitutes, alongside Canary Wharf, the primary central business district (CBD) of London. It constituted most of London f ...
. He bequeathed his house to the King, who
had it converted for use as his great wardrobe. A bachelor, he died without issue and his barony expired. His remains were interred, between two pillars, before the image of the Virgin, on the south side of the nave of Old
St Paul's Cathedral, where there was a monument to his memory, incorrectly later known as ''Duke Humphrey's Tomb'', because of the mistaken belief that it was the tomb of
Humphrey of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Gloucester
Humphrey of Lancaster, Duke of Gloucester (3 October 139023 February 1447) was an English prince, soldier, and literary patron. He was (as he styled himself) "son, brother and uncle of kings", being the fourth and youngest son of Henry IV of ...
. The grave and monument were destroyed along with the old cathedral in the
Great Fire of London in 1666. A modern monument in the crypt lists Beauchamp as one of the important graves lost.
Early naval career
He attended King
Edward III into
Flanders
Flanders (, ; Dutch: ''Vlaanderen'' ) is the Flemish-speaking northern portion of Belgium and one of the communities, regions and language areas of Belgium. However, there are several overlapping definitions, including ones related to cultu ...
in 1338, was in the array at Vironfosse in 1339, and shared the glory of the great naval victory off
Sluys in 1340. He carried the
Royal Standard
In heraldry and vexillology, a heraldic flag is a flag containing coats of arms, heraldic badges, or other devices used for personal identification.
Heraldic flags include banners, standards, pennons and their variants, gonfalons, guidons, and ...
at the Battle of
Crécy in 1346 and was present at the siege and surrender of
Calais, of which town he was appointed captain in 1348 a post he held for two years before his first appointment to a senior command role.
Senior command
In 1350, he was appointed
Admiral of the Fleet off Calais also known as the Southern Fleet;
five years later on 5 March 1355 he was given command of the
Western Sea's Fleet, a post he held till 1 March 1356.
He was appointed '
Admiral of the King's Southern, Northern and Western Fleets' on 18 July 1360. The appointment gave the command of the English navy to one person for the first time; the post would evolve into the post of
Admiral of the Fleet; he also held the posts of
Constable of the Tower of London
The Constable of the Tower is the most senior appointment at the Tower of London. In the Middle Ages a constable was the person in charge of a castle when the owner—the king or a nobleman—was not in residence. The Constable of the Tower had a ...
and
Warden of the Cinque Ports. He was summoned to Parliament as a baron in 1350.
Monument in St Paul's Cathedral
His
chest tomb and recumbent effigy was situated by the tenth column at the west end of
Old St Paul's Cathedral and was drawn in 1658 by
Wenceslas Hollar
Wenceslaus Hollar (23 July 1607 – 25 March 1677) was a prolific and accomplished Bohemian graphic artist of the 17th century, who spent much of his life in England. He is known to German speakers as ; and to Czech speakers as . He is particu ...
, 8 years before its destruction in the
Fire of London
The Great Fire of London was a major conflagration that swept through central London from Sunday 2 September to Thursday 6 September 1666, gutting the medieval City of London inside the old Roman city wall, while also extending past the ...
. The engraving was published in
William Dugdale
Sir William Dugdale (12 September 1605 – 10 February 1686) was an English antiquary and herald. As a scholar he was influential in the development of medieval history as an academic subject.
Life
Dugdale was born at Shustoke, near Coles ...
's 1658 work ''History of St Pauls Cathedral'' and states that the monument was positioned ''inter ecclesiae navim et alam australem'' ("between the nave of the Church and the south aisle").
[see image :File:Wenceslas Hollar - Beauchamp (monument).jpg]
References
Sources
* Archives, National The. (2017). "Trafalgar Ancestors, Glossary". nationalarchives.gov.uk. National Archives. London. England
* Bothwell, James (2004). Edward III and the English Peerage: Royal Patronage, Social Mobility, and Political Control in Fourteenth-century England. Boydell Press. .
*
* Houbraken, Jacobus. Thoyras, Paul de Rapin. Vertue, George. (1747). The History of England, A List of Admirals of England (1224–1745). England. Knapton. P and J.
* Mangone, Gerard J. (1997). United States Admiralty Law. Leiden, Netherlands: Martinus Nijhoff Publishers. .
*
{{DEFAULTSORT:Beauchamp de Warwick, John de Beauchamp, 1st Baron
Beauchamp de Warwick, John de Beauchamp, 1st Baron
Beauchamp de Warwick, John de Beauchamp, 1st Baron
Barons in the Peerage of England
John
John is a common English name and surname:
* John (given name)
* John (surname)
John may also refer to:
New Testament
Works
* Gospel of John, a title often shortened to John
* First Epistle of John, often shortened to 1 John
* Secon ...
Peers created by Edward III
Garter Knights appointed by Edward III
English admirals
English knights
Younger sons of earls
Burials at St Paul's Cathedral