Jean V de Bueil (after 17 August 1405 and before 18 August 1406 - 1478), called ''le Fléau des Anglais'' "plague of the English", count of
Sancerre
Sancerre () is a medieval hilltop town (ville) and commune in the Cher department, France overlooking the river Loire. It is noted for its wine.
History
Located in the area of Gaul settled by the powerful Celtic (Gaule Celtique) tribe, the B ...
, viscount of
Carentan
Carentan () is a small rural town near the north-eastern base of the French Cotentin Peninsula in Normandy in north-western France, with a population of about 6,000. It is a former commune in the Manche department. On 1 January 2016, it was mer ...
, lord of
Montrésor,
Château-en-Anjou,
Saint-Calais
Saint-Calais () is a commune in the Sarthe department in the region of Pays de la Loire in north-western France.
Prior to the French Revolution it was known for its Benedictine abbey named after the Anisola stream (modern Aniole, a tributary of ...
, Vaujours,
Ussé and
Vailly, son of
Jean IV de Bueil and Marguerite
Dauphine of Auvergne
This is a list of the various rulers of Auvergne.
History
In the 7th century Auvergne was disputed between the Franks and Aquitanians. It was later conquered by the Carolingians, and was integrated for a time into the kingdom of Aquitaine. The ...
. He is the author of ''Le Jouvencel'' (c. 1466), a semi-autobiographical ''roman a clef'' based on his experiences during the latter part of the
Hundred Years War.
Career
Jean de Bueil began his military career as a page of the
Count of Narbonne and was present at the
Battle of Verneuil
The Battle of Verneuil was a battle of the Hundred Years' War, fought on 17 August 1424 near Verneuil-sur-Avre in Normandy between an English army and a combined Franco- Scottish force, augmented by Milanese heavy cavalry. The battle was a s ...
. Later he served under mercenary captain
Étienne de Vignolles, known as La Hire. He was made captain of
Tours
Tours ( , ) is one of the largest cities in the region of Centre-Val de Loire, France. It is the prefecture of the department of Indre-et-Loire. The commune of Tours had 136,463 inhabitants as of 2018 while the population of the whole metro ...
in 1428, later captain general in
Anjou Anjou may refer to:
Geography and titles France
* County of Anjou, a historical county in France and predecessor of the Duchy of Anjou
**Count of Anjou, title of nobility
*Duchy of Anjou, a historical duchy and later a province of France
**Duk ...
and
Maine
Maine () is a state in the New England and Northeastern regions of the United States. It borders New Hampshire to the west, the Gulf of Maine to the southeast, and the Canadian provinces of New Brunswick and Quebec to the northeast and ...
. Together with
Joan of Arc
Joan of Arc (french: link=yes, Jeanne d'Arc, translit= �an daʁk} ; 1412 – 30 May 1431) is a patron saint of France, honored as a defender of the French nation for her role in the siege of Orléans and her insistence on the coronat ...
, he successfully completed the
siege of Orleans. In September 1432 he assaulted
Les Ponts-de-Cé
Les Ponts-de-Cé () is a commune in the Maine-et-Loire department in western France.
Les Ponts-de-Cé is a suburb of Angers.
History
In September 1432, during the Hundred Years' War, the routiers of Rodrigo de Villandrando, in the pay of Geo ...
but failed to take it from the
routiers
Routiers () were mercenary soldiers of the Middle Ages. Their particular distinction from other paid soldiers of the time was that they were organised into bands (''rutta'' or ''routes''). The term is first used in the 12th century but is partic ...
of
Rodrigo de Villandrando
Rodrigo de Villandrando (died c. 1457) was a Spanish routier from Castile and mercenary military leader in Gascony during the final phase of the Hundred Years' War. He was famous for his pillaging and was consequently known as the Emperor of Pi ...
. He participated with the Dauphin Louis in a campaign against the Swiss in 1444 and was present at the battle of
St. Jakob an der Birs. He was engaged in the reconquest of Normandy from the English and became
admiral of France
Admiral of France (french: Amiral de France) is a French title of honour. It is the naval equivalent of Marshal of France and was one of the Great Officers of the Crown of France.
History
The title was created in 1270 by Louis IX of France, dur ...
and captain of
Cherbourg in 1450. In 1453, he was present at the
Battle of Castillon
The Battle of Castillon between the forces of England and France took place on 17 July 1453 in Gascony near the town of Castillon-sur-Dordogne (later Castillon-la-Bataille). Historians regard this decisive French victory as marking the end o ...
. In 1461, the new king
Louis XI
Louis XI (3 July 1423 – 30 August 1483), called "Louis the Prudent" (french: le Prudent), was King of France from 1461 to 1483. He succeeded his father, Charles VII.
Louis entered into open rebellion against his father in a short-lived revol ...
replaced de Bueil as Admiral with Jean de Montaubin, which began a rift which would lead to de Bueil joining the rebels during the
War of the Public Weal in 1465. De Bueil was later reconciled to the king and was admitted to the
Order of St. Michael in 1469 His last known act was to sign, on 31 May 1478 at his château de Vaujours, the document by which he confirmed certain rights of the prior of Charnes, a priory located in the county of Sancerre.
''Le Jouvencel''
Jean de Bueil wrote ''Le Jouvencel'' about 1466. De Bueil intended that the work should have a didactic purpose for young noblemen. He therefore uses an Aristotelian structure to his work, dealing with the hero's career in three parts, which reflect three elements of governance or discipline; the young soldier learns about ethics and self-discipline, the military commander learns leadership of men and the regent learns the governance of a country. Le Jouvencel joins several medieval military literature traditions; chivalric romance, treatises on chivalry and manuals on warfare. De Bueil draws upon earlier writers such as
Honoré Bonet
Honoré Bonet (c. 1340 – c. 1410) was a Provençal Benedictine, the prior of Salon near Embrun.
Bonet studied at the University of Avignon where he received a doctorate and traveled around France and Aragon. He wrote on philosophy, law, ...
and
Christine de Pizan but also on his own military experience. In so doing, he gives a rounded image of how a professional soldier thought about and practiced war at the end of the Middle Ages.
''Le Jouvencel'' has been widely quoted by modern scholars of chivalry and medieval warfare. Traditionally, this has focussed on his writings on the nature of military life. He viewed the life of arms to be ennobling in itself and, indeed, in some way, a route to salvation. He is perhaps most quoted for his view on comradeship in arms
In recent times, greater attention has begun to be given to the practical examples given in the text, for example, how to conduct a raid or how to order an army on the march
[Chan Tsin (2009), pp.127-134]
References
External links
Text of Le Jouvencel (in French)Matthieu E Chan Tsin ; Jean de Bueil: Reactionary Knight (Phd Thesis)
{{DEFAULTSORT:Bueil, Jean V De
French generals
Counts of Sancerre
Viscounts of Carentan
1406 births
1478 deaths
People of the Hundred Years' War
Admirals of France