''Jylland'' is one of the world's largest wooden warships, and is both a screw-propelled
steam frigate
Steam frigates (including screw frigates) and the smaller steam corvettes, steam sloops, steam gunboats and steam schooners, were steam-powered warships that were not meant to stand in the line of battle. There were some exceptions like for ex ...
and a sailship. She took part in the Battle of Heligoland on 9 May 1864, and is preserved as a
museum ship
A museum ship, also called a memorial ship, is a ship that has been preserved and converted into a museum open to the public for educational or memorial purposes. Some are also used for training and recruitment purposes, mostly for the small num ...
in Denmark.
Design
She was built for the
Royal Danish Navy
The Royal Danish Navy ( da, Søværnet) is the sea-based branch of the Danish Defence force. The RDN is mainly responsible for maritime defence and maintaining the sovereignty of Danish territorial waters (incl. Faroe Islands and Greenland). ...
in 1860 as a sailing frigate with an auxiliar screw-drive steam engine and a wooden hull. The figurehead was carved by the sculptor Julius Magnus Petersen and represents the region of
Jutland
Jutland ( da, Jylland ; german: Jütland ; ang, Ēota land ), known anciently as the Cimbric or Cimbrian Peninsula ( la, Cimbricus Chersonesus; da, den Kimbriske Halvø, links=no or ; german: Kimbrische Halbinsel, links=no), is a peninsula of ...
in the form of the shepherd's rod and the fishing net.
History
During the
Second War of Schleswig
The Second Schleswig War ( da, Krigen i 1864; german: Deutsch-Dänischer Krieg) also sometimes known as the Dano-Prussian War or Prusso-Danish War was the second military conflict over the Schleswig-Holstein Question of the nineteenth century. T ...
in 1864, she participated in the naval action against the Austrian-Prussian fleet in the Battle of Heligoland on 9 May 1864. ''Jylland'' along with ''Niels Juel'' and ''Heimdall'' bested two Austrian frigates and three small Prussian
gunboat
A gunboat is a naval watercraft designed for the express purpose of carrying one or more guns to bombard coastal targets, as opposed to those military craft designed for naval warfare, or for ferrying troops or supplies.
History Pre-ste ...
s, but was unable to maintain the blockade of the Prussian North Sea ports. ''Jylland'' sustained considerable damage during the battle.
By 1874, she was in use as a
training ship
A training ship is a ship used to train students as sailors. The term is mostly used to describe ships employed by navies to train future officers. Essentially there are two types: those used for training at sea and old hulks used to house classr ...
for naval cadets. In the 1890s she was reduced to stationary use and barely escaped scrapping in 1908. She served as a barracks and training ship between 1892 and 1908. It was, however, decided to preserve her and she was towed to Ebeltoft in 1960. The hulked frigate further deteriorated until she was placed in dry dock in 1984. Restoration proved to be a major task; over 60% of the timber had to be replaced in addition to the rigging, armament, engines and loose gear.
In Danish, she is known as simply ''Fregatten Jylland'', although several ships have used this name. The restoration efforts were completed in 1994 and she is on permanent display in dry dock at the town of
Ebeltoft
Ebeltoft is an old port town on the central east coast of Denmark with a population of 7,204 (1 January 2022).National Bank of Denmark.
''Jylland'' is the last surviving
screw frigate
Steam frigates (including screw frigates) and the smaller steam corvettes, steam sloops, steam gunboats and steam schooners, were steam-powered warships that were not meant to stand in the line of battle. There were some exceptions like for exam ...
.
Gallery
File:Fregatten Jylland bagfra.JPG, ''Jylland'' in 2013
File:Fregatten Jylland fra dok.JPG, After restoration ''Jylland'' is placed in dry dock
File:Jylland-Schraube-55.jpg, ''Jylland'' was a combined steam- and sailship
File:Jylland_W_Ebeltoft_17-08-2007 (3).jpg, Battery deck
References
;Notes
;Citations
Bibliography
* Brouwer, Norman J. ''The International Register of Historic Ships''. 3rd ed. London: Chatham Publishing, 1999.
* Robert J Gardiner (ed.). ''Conway's All the World's Fighting Ships 1860–1905''. London: Conway Maritime Press, 1979.