Josef Michl
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Josef Michl (12 March 1939 – 13 May 2024) was a Czechoslovak-American chemist.


Early life and education

Michl was born in Prague, which was then the capital of the short-lived
Second Czechoslovak Republic The Second Czechoslovak Republic (Czech language, Czech and ), officially the Czecho-Slovak Republic (Czech and Slovak: ''Česko-Slovenská republika''), existed for 169 days, between 30 September 1938 and 15 March 1939. It was c ...
(1938–1939), on 12 March 1939. This was a few days before Nazi Germany incorporated Prague and the rest of the Czech part of the country as the
protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia The Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia was a partially-annexation, annexed territory of Nazi Germany that was established on 16 March 1939 after the Occupation of Czechoslovakia (1938–1945), German occupation of the Czech lands. The protector ...
. He was the oldest of four children, and born with
club feet Clubfoot is a congenital or acquired defect where one or both feet are rotated inward and downward. Congenital clubfoot is the most common congenital malformation of the foot with an incidence of 1 per 1000 births. In approximately 50% of ca ...
. Unable to walk due to his deformation, he endured 8 surgeries by the time he was 14, during each of which bone was scraped from his shins to build him the heels he was born without. Growing up during WWII brought many challenges as well, from a lack of food and clothes to barely surviving a bombing raid (by Americans who thought they were above
Dresden Dresden (; ; Upper Saxon German, Upper Saxon: ''Dräsdn''; , ) is the capital city of the States of Germany, German state of Saxony and its second most populous city after Leipzig. It is the List of cities in Germany by population, 12th most p ...
). When Russia's communist party took over, life became even more challenging because his father refused to join the party. As punishment, the family's accounts were emptied and his father was removed from his position as a judge at the highest court of appeals, and relegated to being a notary public in a distant town. Not able to afford an express train ticket, he would ride three hours each way, and could only see his family on weekends. To survive, his mother found some income sorting mushrooms, and young Josef tutored older students. He decided to become a chemist in the fourth grade, after a class demonstration where dim embers suddenly burst into large flames. He inherited a chemistry "lab" from an older boy in a neighboring flat, which he set up in a pantry with no ventilation. There, he self-taught himself, beginning with a book titled "Experiments that do not fail". He somehow survived episodes which included scarring himself with acid, dissolving a valuable silver spoon, making explosives, and causing the entire home to smell like rotten eggs for weeks. A voracious reader, his appetite for knowledge was not limited to chemistry, nor was it satisfied in school. He had many tales of teachers' varying responses when they discovered him trying to discreetly study other languages, history, or chemistry during their class. Michl began studying chemistry at
Charles University Charles University (CUNI; , UK; ; ), or historically as the University of Prague (), is the largest university in the Czech Republic. It is one of the List of oldest universities in continuous operation, oldest universities in the world in conti ...
in Prague in 1956 and earned a Master's degree in 1961 under Vaclav Horak and Petr Zuman. In 1965 he earned a Ph.D. at the
Czechoslovak Academy of Sciences The Czechoslovak Academy of Sciences (Czech: ''Československá akademie věd'', Slovak: ''Česko-slovenská akadémia vied'') was established in 1953 to be the scientific center for Czechoslovakia. It was succeeded by the Czech Academy of Science ...
under
Rudolf Zahradník Rudolf Zahradník (20 October 192831 October 2020) was a Czech chemist in the field of quantum chemistry and molecular spectroscopy. He held research positions at the Institute of Occupational Medicine and went on to serve as the first director ...
. He worked as a
Postdoctoral researcher A postdoctoral fellow, postdoctoral researcher, or simply postdoc, is a person professionally conducting research after the completion of their doctoral studies (typically a PhD). Postdocs most commonly, but not always, have a temporary acade ...
from 1965 to 1970 for Ralph S. Becker at the
University of Houston The University of Houston (; ) is a Public university, public research university in Houston, Texas, United States. It was established in 1927 as Houston Junior College, a coeducational institution and one of multiple junior colleges formed in ...
, for Michael J. S. Dewar at the
University of Texas at Austin The University of Texas at Austin (UT Austin, UT, or Texas) is a public university, public research university in Austin, Texas, United States. Founded in 1883, it is the flagship institution of the University of Texas System. With 53,082 stud ...
and with Frank E. Harris at the
University of Utah The University of Utah (the U, U of U, or simply Utah) is a public university, public research university in Salt Lake City, Utah, United States. It was established in 1850 as the University of Deseret (Book of Mormon), Deseret by the General A ...
. In the meantime he was research assistant at the Institute for Physical Chemistry of the Czechoslovak Academy of Sciences in 1967–1968 and assistant professor of Jan Linderberg at the Department of Chemistry at the
Aarhus University Aarhus University (, abbreviated AU) is a public research university. Its main campus is located in Aarhus, Denmark. It is the second largest and second oldest university in Denmark. The university is part of the Coimbra Group, the Guild, and Ut ...
in 1968–1969. 1970 Michl received his first independent professorship at the
University of Utah The University of Utah (the U, U of U, or simply Utah) is a public university, public research university in Salt Lake City, Utah, United States. It was established in 1850 as the University of Deseret (Book of Mormon), Deseret by the General A ...
at
Salt Lake City Salt Lake City, often shortened to Salt Lake or SLC, is the capital and most populous city of the U.S. state of Utah. It is the county seat of Salt Lake County, the most populous county in the state. The city is the core of the Salt Lake Ci ...
(Research Associate Professor), in 1971 he became an associate professor and in 1975 he received a full professorship. In 1986 Michl moved to the
University of Texas at Austin The University of Texas at Austin (UT Austin, UT, or Texas) is a public university, public research university in Austin, Texas, United States. Founded in 1883, it is the flagship institution of the University of Texas System. With 53,082 stud ...
, but remained connected to the University of Utah as an adjunct professor. In 1991 he received a call to the
University of Colorado Boulder The University of Colorado Boulder (CU Boulder, CU, or Colorado) is a public research university in Boulder, Colorado, United States. Founded in 1876, five months before Colorado became a state, it is the flagship university of the University o ...
. Since 2006, Michl has also worked as a research director for the
Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences (shortened as IOCB Prague) () is a research institute under the Czech Academy of Sciences (CAS). The institute centers around research in the fields of organic chemi ...
of the
Czech Academy of Sciences The Czech Academy of Sciences (abbr. CAS, , abbr. AV ČR) was established in 1992 by the Czech National Council as the Czech successor of the former Czechoslovak Academy of Sciences and its tradition goes back to the Royal Bohemian Society of Sc ...
.


Career

Michl has made important contributions to numerous areas of chemistry during his career: theoretical and experimental aspects of organic
photochemistry Photochemistry is the branch of chemistry concerned with the chemical effects of light. Generally, this term is used to describe a chemical reaction caused by absorption of ultraviolet (wavelength from 100 to 400 Nanometre, nm), visible ligh ...
,
magnetic circular dichroism Magnetic circular dichroism (MCD) is the differential absorption of left and right circularly polarized (LCP and RCP) light, induced in a sample by a strong magnetic field oriented parallel to the direction of light propagation. MCD measurements ...
, chemistry and theory of biradicals and
biradicaloid Biradicaloids or diradicaloids are molecules with two radical electrons that have significant interaction with each other. The two unpaired electrons are coupled and can either form a singlet ground state ( antiferromagnetic coupling) or a tripl ...
s, electronic and vibrational
spectroscopy Spectroscopy is the field of study that measures and interprets electromagnetic spectra. In narrower contexts, spectroscopy is the precise study of color as generalized from visible light to all bands of the electromagnetic spectrum. Spectro ...
with
polarized light , or , is a property of transverse waves which specifies the geometrical orientation of the oscillations. In a transverse wave, the direction of the oscillation is perpendicular to the direction of motion of the wave. One example of a polarize ...
,
silicon Silicon is a chemical element; it has symbol Si and atomic number 14. It is a hard, brittle crystalline solid with a blue-grey metallic lustre, and is a tetravalent metalloid (sometimes considered a non-metal) and semiconductor. It is a membe ...
chemistry and electronic structure, theory and experiment of sputtered frozen gases, properties and theory of organic
Reaction intermediate In chemistry, a reaction intermediate, or intermediate, is a molecular entity arising within the sequence of a stepwise chemical reaction. It is formed as the reaction product of an elementary step, from the reactants and/or preceding interme ...
s, cluster-ions, molecular building blocks for supramolecular structures and
boron Boron is a chemical element; it has symbol B and atomic number 5. In its crystalline form it is a brittle, dark, lustrous metalloid; in its amorphous form it is a brown powder. As the lightest element of the boron group it has three ...
chemistry. Michl was editor of the ACS journal
Chemical Reviews ''Chemical Reviews'' is peer-reviewed scientific journal published twice per month by the American Chemical Society. It publishes review articles on all aspects of chemistry. It was established in 1924 by William Albert Noyes (University of Illino ...
from 1984 to 2014. He is co-author of five textbooks on
Photochemistry Photochemistry is the branch of chemistry concerned with the chemical effects of light. Generally, this term is used to describe a chemical reaction caused by absorption of ultraviolet (wavelength from 100 to 400 Nanometre, nm), visible ligh ...
and Polarization spectroscopy, is author of more than 570 scientific publications and holds 11 patents.


Death

Michl died on 13 May 2024, at the age of 85.Zemřel významný český chemik Josef Michl


Awards

* 1971–1975
Alfred P. Sloan Foundation The Alfred P. Sloan Foundation is an American philanthropic nonprofit organization. It was established in 1934 by Alfred P. Sloan Jr., president and chief executive officer of General Motors. The Sloan Foundation makes grants to support origina ...
Research Fellowship A research fellow is an academic research position at a university or a similar research institution, usually for list of academic ranks, academic staff or faculty members. A research fellow may act either as an independent investigator or under ...
* 1984/85
Guggenheim Fellowship Guggenheim Fellowships are Grant (money), grants that have been awarded annually since by the John Simon Guggenheim Memorial Foundation, endowed by the late Simon Guggenheim, Simon and Olga Hirsh Guggenheim. These awards are bestowed upon indiv ...
* 1986 Member of the
National Academy of Sciences The National Academy of Sciences (NAS) is a United States nonprofit, NGO, non-governmental organization. NAS is part of the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine, along with the National Academy of Engineering (NAE) and the ...
* 1990
Honorary doctorate An honorary degree is an academic degree for which a university (or other degree-awarding institution) has waived all of the usual requirements. It is also known by the Latin phrases ''honoris causa'' ("for the sake of the honour") or '' ad hon ...
from
Georgetown University Georgetown University is a private university, private Jesuit research university in Washington, D.C., United States. Founded by Bishop John Carroll (archbishop of Baltimore), John Carroll in 1789, it is the oldest Catholic higher education, Ca ...
* 1992
Schrödinger Medal The Schrödinger Medal is an annual award presented by the World Association of Theoretical and Computational Chemists for "one outstanding theoretical and computational chemist". Prior to 1991, winners were voted on by a committee to multiple chemi ...
of the
World Association of Theoretical and Computational Chemists The World Association of Theoretical and Computational Chemists (WATOC) is a scholarly association founded in 1982 "in order to encourage the development and application of theoretical methods" in chemistry, particularly theoretical chemistry and ...
* 1994 Heyrovský Medal from
Czech Academy of Sciences The Czech Academy of Sciences (abbr. CAS, , abbr. AV ČR) was established in 1992 by the Czech National Council as the Czech successor of the former Czechoslovak Academy of Sciences and its tradition goes back to the Royal Bohemian Society of Sc ...
* 1995 Gold medal from
Charles University Charles University (CUNI; , UK; ; ), or historically as the University of Prague (), is the largest university in the Czech Republic. It is one of the List of oldest universities in continuous operation, oldest universities in the world in conti ...
* 1995 Honorary member of the
Learned Society of the Czech Republic The Learned Society of the Czech Republic ("Učená společnost České republiky") is an association of distinguished scholars of the Czech Republic from all scientific disciplines. Its goal is to support free conduct of research and furtherance of ...
* 1996 Honorary doctorate from Universität Pardubice * 1999 Member of the
American Academy of Arts and Sciences The American Academy of Arts and Sciences (The Academy) is one of the oldest learned societies in the United States. It was founded in 1780 during the American Revolution by John Adams, John Hancock, James Bowdoin, Andrew Oliver, and other ...
* 2001 James Flack Norris Award from
American Chemical Society The American Chemical Society (ACS) is a scientific society based in the United States that supports scientific inquiry in the field of chemistry. Founded in 1876 at New York University, the ACS currently has more than 155,000 members at all ...
* 2001
Otto Wichterle Otto Wichterle (; 27 October 1913 – 18 August 1998) was a Czech chemist, best known for his invention of modern soft contact lenses. Wichterle was the author or co-author of approximately 180 patents and over 200 publications. The studie ...
prize from Czech chemical society * 2004 Honorary doctorate from
Masaryk University Masaryk University (MU) (; ) is the second largest university in the Czech Republic, a member of the Compostela Group and the Utrecht Network. Founded in 1919 in Brno, it now consists of ten faculties and 35,115 students. It is named after To ...
-missing- *2015 Hammond Award from the Inter-American Photochemical Society *201
Laureate Neuron Prize
for Lifelong Contribution to Science from the Neuron Foundation *2019 The Medal of the Learned Society of the Czech Republic for Merit in the Development of Science (2019)


External links


Prof. Josef Michl
on encyklopedie.brna.cz
Michl Research Group
on the
University of Colorado Boulder The University of Colorado Boulder (CU Boulder, CU, or Colorado) is a public research university in Boulder, Colorado, United States. Founded in 1876, five months before Colorado became a state, it is the flagship university of the University o ...
website
Prof. Josef Michl, Ph.D.
on the IOCB website


References

{{DEFAULTSORT:Michl, Josef 1939 births 2024 deaths Members of the International Academy of Quantum Molecular Science Fellows of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences Members of the United States National Academy of Sciences University of Colorado Boulder faculty University of Texas at Austin faculty University of Utah faculty 21st-century American chemists 20th-century American chemists Schrödinger Medal recipients Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the CAS Charles University alumni Scientists from Prague Czechoslovak chemists