Johann or Johan Bernard Scheffer (also Jean Baptist Scheffer), (1764 in Homberg,

Hesse-Kassel The Landgraviate of Hesse-Kassel (german: Landgrafschaft Hessen-Kassel), spelled Hesse-Cassel during its entire existence, was a state in the Holy Roman Empire that was directly subject to the Emperor. The state was created in 1567 when the Lan ...

– 30 June 1809 in

Amsterdam Amsterdam ( , , , lit. ''The Dam on the River Amstel'') is the Capital of the Netherlands, capital and Municipalities of the Netherlands, most populous city of the Netherlands, with The Hague being the seat of government. It has a population ...

) was a German-born painter and etcher active in the Netherlands and the father of the painter Ary Scheffer. He was the son of Johann Werner Scheffer (1730–1799) and Catharine Maria Pfluger (1731–1799) and a pupil of

Johann Friedrich August Tischbein Johann Friedrich August Tischbein, known as the ''Leipziger Tischbein'' (9 March 1750, Maastricht - 21 June 1812, Heidelberg) was a German portrait painter from the Tischbein family of artists. Biography He received his first lessons from his ...

. By 1788 he lived and worked in

Utrecht Utrecht ( , , ) is the fourth-largest city and a municipality of the Netherlands, capital and most populous city of the province of Utrecht. It is located in the eastern corner of the Randstad conurbation, in the very centre of mainland Nethe ...

and from 1790 in

Dordrecht Dordrecht (), historically known in English as Dordt (still colloquially used in Dutch, ) or Dort, is a city and municipality in the Western Netherlands, located in the province of South Holland. It is the province's fifth-largest city after R ...

where in October 1794 he married the

miniature painter A portrait miniature is a miniature portrait painting, usually executed in gouache, watercolor, or enamel. Portrait miniatures developed out of the techniques of the miniatures in illuminated manuscripts, and were popular among 16th-century eli ...

Cornelia Lamme Cornelia Scheffer (''née'' Lamme; 23 April 1769 – 4 July 1839) was a Dutch painter and portrait miniaturist A portrait miniature is a miniature portrait painting, usually executed in gouache, watercolor, or enamel. Portrait miniatures de ...

(1769–1839), daughter of the landscape painter

Arie Lamme Arie Lamme (8 January 1748 – 18 March 1801) was a Dutch landscape painter and poet. Early life and education Lamme was born at Heerjansdam and studied under Joris Ponse at Utrecht; he practiced in the style of Aelbert Cuyp. He was much engage ...

. They had three sons who survived to adulthood: the portrait painter Ary Scheffer (1795–1858), the journalist and writer Karel Arnold Scheffer (1796–1853) and the painter

Hendrik Scheffer Hendrik Scheffer (The Hague, 25 September 1798 – Paris, 15 March 1862) was a Dutch painter in the Romantic tradition who lived in France for most of his life. In France he is usually known as Henri Scheffer. Personal life Scheffer was the you ...

(1798–1862). The family moved in 1798 from Dordrecht to

The Hague The Hague ( ; nl, Den Haag or ) is a list of cities in the Netherlands by province, city and municipalities of the Netherlands, municipality of the Netherlands, situated on the west coast facing the North Sea. The Hague is the country's ad ...

, in 1801 to

Rotterdam Rotterdam ( , , , lit. ''The Dam on the River Rotte'') is the second largest city and municipality in the Netherlands. It is in the province of South Holland, part of the North Sea mouth of the Rhine–Meuse–Scheldt delta, via the ''"N ...

and in 1803 to

. Scheffer produced several large

historical works History (derived ) is the systematic study and the documentation of the human activity. The time period of event before the invention of writing systems is considered prehistory. "History" is an umbrella term comprising past events as well ...

, and some portraits, including one of King

Louis Bonaparte Louis Napoléon Bonaparte (born Luigi Buonaparte; 2 September 1778 – 25 July 1846) was a younger brother of Napoleon I, Emperor of the French. He was a monarch in his own right from 1806 to 1810, ruling over the Kingdom of Holland (a French ...

of Holland. In 1808 he became court painter of Louis Bonaparte in Amsterdam, but he died only a year later at the age of 44 or 45. He was buried 5 July 1809 in the

Zuiderkerk The Zuiderkerk (, "southern church") is a 17th-century Protestant church in the Nieuwmarkt area of Amsterdam, the capital of the Netherlands. The church played an important part in the life of Rembrandt and was the subject of a painting by Cl ...

.Johan Bernard Scheffer
in the

RKD The Netherlands Institute for Art History or RKD (Dutch: RKD-Nederlands Instituut voor Kunstgeschiedenis), previously Rijksbureau voor Kunsthistorische Documentatie (RKD), is located in The Hague and is home to the largest art history center i ...

Notes

References

Johan Bernard Scheffer
at the

Attribution: * 1764 births 1809 deaths 18th-century German painters 18th-century German male artists German male painters 18th-century Dutch painters 18th-century Dutch male artists Dutch male painters 19th-century painters of historical subjects Court painters People from Vogelsbergkreis German expatriates in the Netherlands {{Netherlands-painter-stub