Jhankaradhvani or Jhankaradhwani (pronounced jhankāradhvani) is a

raga A ''raga'' or ''raag'' (; also ''raaga'' or ''ragam''; ) is a melodic framework for improvisation in Indian classical music akin to a melodic mode. The ''rāga'' is a unique and central feature of the classical Indian music tradition, and as a ...

m in

Carnatic music Carnatic music, known as or in the South Indian languages, is a system of music commonly associated with South India, including the modern Indian states of Karnataka, Andhra Pradesh, Telangana, Kerala and Tamil Nadu, and Sri Lanka. It is o ...

(musical scale of South Indian classical music). It is the 19th ''

Melakarta Mēḷakartā is a collection of fundamental musical scales (ragas) in Carnatic music (South Indian classical music). ''Mēḷakartā'' ragas are parent ragas (hence known as ''janaka'' ragas) from which other ragas may be generated. A ''melaka ...

'' rāgam in the 72 ''melakarta'' rāgam system of Carnatic music. It is called Jhankārabhramari'' in

Muthuswami Dikshitar Muthuswami Dikshitar (Mudduswamy Dikshitar)(, 24 March 1776 – 21 October 1835), mononymously Dikshitar, was a South Indian poet, singer and veena player, and a legendary composer of Indian classical music, who is considered one of the musical ...

school of Carnatic music.''Sri Muthuswami Dikshitar Keertanaigal'' by Vidwan A Sundaram Iyer, Pub. 1989, Music Book Publishers, Mylapore, Chennai''Ragas in Carnatic music'' by Dr. S. Bhagyalekshmy, Pub. 1990, CBH Publications''Raganidhi'' by P. Subba Rao, Pub. 1964, The Music Academy of Madras

Structure and Lakshana

It is the 1st rāgam in the 4th ''chakra Veda''. The mnemonic name is ''Veda-Pa''. The mnemonic phrase is ''sa ri gi ma pa dha na''. Its ' structure (ascending and descending scale) is as follows (see ''swaras'' in Carnatic music for details on below notation and terms): * : * : (the notes in this scale are ''chathusruthi rishabham, sadharana gandharam, shuddha madhyamam, shuddha dhaivatham, shuddha nishadham'') As it is a ''melakarta'' rāgam, by definition it is a ''sampoorna'' rāgam (has all seven notes in ascending and descending scale). It is the ''shuddha madhyamam'' equivalent of ''

Shamalangi Shamalangi or Shyamalangi (pronounced ) is a ragam in Carnatic music (classical music of southern India). It is the 55th in the 72 ''melakarta'' rāgam system of Carnatic music, and is called ' in the Muthuswami Dikshitar school of that genre.' ...

'', which is the 55th ''melakarta''.

Asampurna Melakarta

Jhankārabhramari is the 19th ''Melakarta'' in the original list compiled by

Venkatamakhin Venkatamakhin (; ) or Venkatamakhi, was an Indian poet, musician, and musicologist of Carnatic music. He is renowned for his ''Chaturdandiprakashika'' in which he explicates the melakarta system of classifying ragas. Venkatamakhin composed g ...

. The notes used in the scale are the same, but the zig-zag usage of notes in both ascending and descending scle (''vakra prayoga'') is the difference. * : * :

''Janya'' rāgams

''Jhankaradhvani'' has a few minor ''

janya ''Janya'' is a term meaning "derive". In Carnatic (South Indian) music a ''janya raga'' is one derived from one of the 72 ''melakarta'' ragas (fundamental melodic structures). ''Janya'' ragas are classified into various types based on a varie ...

'' rāgams (derived scales) associated with it. See List of ''janya'' rāgams for full list of rāgams associated with ''Jhankaradhvani''.

Compositions

A couple of compositions set to this musical scale are: *''Phanipati sayee'' by

Thyagaraja Thyagaraja (Telugu: త్యాగరాజ) (4 May 1767 – 6 January 1847), also known as Thyāgayya and in full as Kakarla Thyagabrahmam, was a composer and vocalist of Carnatic music, a form of Indian classical music. Tyagaraja and his ...

*''Varnam tharum'' by Koteeswara Iyer *''Jhasha Kethana Pitaram'' by

Dr. M. Balamuralikrishna Mangalampalli Balamuralikrishna (6 July 1930 – 22 November 2016) was an Indian Carnatic vocalist, musician, multi-instrumentalist, playback singer, composer, and character actor. He was awarded the Madras Music Academy's Sangeetha Kalanidhi in ...

''Himachala kumarim bhaja'' by

is set to ''Jhankārabhramari'' rāgam.

Related rāgams

This section covers the theoretical and scientific aspect of this rāgam. ''Jhankaradhvani's'' notes when shifted using ''

Graha bhedam ''Graha Bhedam'' in Carnatic music is the process (or result of the process) of shifting the Tonic note (''śruti'') to another note in the rāgam and arriving at a different rāgam. Its equivalent in Hindustani classical music is called a ''mur ...

'', yields 2 other minor ''melakarta'' rāgams, namely, ''

Ratnangi Ratnangi (pronounced ratnāngi, meaning ''the one with a gem-like body'') is a rāgam in Carnatic music (musical scale of South Indian classical music). It is the 2nd ''melakarta'' rāgam (parent scale) in the 72 ''melakarta'' rāgam system of ...

'' and ''

Gamanashrama Gamanashrama (pronounced gamanāshrama''Sri Muthuswami Dikshitar Keertanaigal'' by Vidwan A Sundaram Iyer, Pub. 1989, Music Book Publishers, Mylapore, Chennai) is a ragam in Carnatic music (musical scale of South Indian classical music). It is t ...

''. ''Graha bhedam'' is the step taken in keeping the relative note frequencies same, while shifting the ''shadjam'' to the next note in the rāgam. For further details and an illustration refer '' Graha bhedam on Ratnangi''.

Notes

References

{{Janya, state=collapsed Melakarta ragas