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Ibb ( ar, إِبّ, ʾIbb) is a city in
Yemen Yemen (; ar, ٱلْيَمَن, al-Yaman), officially the Republic of Yemen,, ) is a country in Western Asia. It is situated on the southern end of the Arabian Peninsula, and borders Saudi Arabia to the north and Oman to the northeast and ...
, the capital of
Ibb Governorate Ibb ( ar, إِبّ ') is a governorate of Yemen. It is located in the inland south of the country with Ta'izz Governorate to the southwest, Ad Dali' Governorate to the southeast, Dhamar Governorate to the north, and short borders with Al Bayda' ...
, located about northeast of Mocha and south of
Sana'a Sanaa ( ar, صَنْعَاء, ' , Yemeni Arabic: ; Old South Arabian: 𐩮𐩬𐩲𐩥 ''Ṣnʿw''), also spelled Sana'a or Sana, is the capital and largest city in Yemen and the centre of Sanaa Governorate. The city is not part of the Gover ...
. A market town and administrative centre developed during the
Ottoman Empire The Ottoman Empire, * ; is an archaic version. The definite article forms and were synonymous * and el, Оθωμανική Αυτοκρατορία, Othōmanikē Avtokratoria, label=none * info page on book at Martin Luther University ...
, it is one of the most important medium-sized cities in the country. It is situated on a mountain ridge, surrounded by fertile land. As of 2005, it had a population of 160,000.


History

Ibb has been occupied since ancient times, and due to its strategical importance, the Ottomans used it as an administrative centre. It thrived as a market town and the Ottomans established the Wednesday market in Ibb. Ibb was governed by a semi-autonomous emir until 1944, when the emirate was abolished. At times in its history many people have migrated to Ibb from areas of Yemen which had been experiencing drought, to find work in farming. In the mid 1950s there was reportedly an outbreak of
smallpox Smallpox was an infectious disease caused by variola virus (often called smallpox virus) which belongs to the genus Orthopoxvirus. The last naturally occurring case was diagnosed in October 1977, and the World Health Organization (WHO) c ...
in the city. German explorer,
Hermann Burchardt Hermann Burchardt (November 18, 1857 – December 19, 1909) was a German explorer and photographer of Jewish descent, who is renowned for his black and white pictorial essays of scenes in Arabia in the early 20th century. Life Burchardt, born in ...
, photographed the city in 1901, photos now held at the Ethnological Museum of Berlin.


Climate

Ibb is located at an altitude of on a spur of Mount Shamāḥī. Due to its high altitude, Ibb has a
subtropical highland climate An oceanic climate, also known as a marine climate, is the humid temperate climate sub-type in Köppen classification ''Cfb'', typical of west coasts in higher middle latitudes of continents, generally featuring cool summers and mild winters ...
(
Köppen climate classification The Köppen climate classification is one of the most widely used climate classification systems. It was first published by German-Russian climatologist Wladimir Köppen (1846–1940) in 1884, with several later modifications by Köppen, nota ...
: ''Cwa''), and is one of the wettest areas of Yemen, typically receiving 800–1200 mm of rain per annum.


Notable landmarks

The city is noted for its towering stone houses, with geometrical friezes and circular stained glass windows known as '' qamiriya''. The main mosque was built during the Ottoman period, and there are other mosques and also a fortress in the vicinity, closed to visitors. An ancient overhead aqueduct still remains.
Ibb University Ibb University () was established in Ibb as an official university in 1996. It was founded by Nasser al-Awlaki Nasser al-Awlaki ( ar, ناصر العولقي; 1946 – 28 September 2021) was a Yemeni scholar and politician. He was the father ...
was established in 1996. Ibb also contains an art centre and museum and hotels such as Saba Tourist Hotel and Al-Riyad Hotel. The main
football Football is a family of team sports that involve, to varying degrees, kicking a ball to score a goal. Unqualified, the word ''football'' normally means the form of football that is the most popular where the word is used. Sports commonly ...
team is
Al Sha'ab Ibb Shaab Ibb Sports and Cultural Club ( ar, نادي شعب إب الرياضي الثقافي) is a Yemeni football club based in Ibb. The club was established in 1964. Achievements *Yemeni League: 3 ::2003, 2004, 2012. *Yemeni President Cup: ...
.


Notable people

* Owais al-Qarani, Muslim saint *
Abdul Rahman al-Iryani Abdul Rahman Yahya Al-Eryani ( ar, عبد الرحمن الإرياني, ʿAbd al-Raḥmān Yaḥyā al-Iryānī; 10 June 1910 – 14 March 1998) was the President of the Yemen Arab Republic (North Yemen) from 5 November 1967 to 13 June 1974. Or ...
- former President of Yemen *
Abdul Karim al-Iryani Abdul Karim Ali Al-Iryani or Al-Eryani (; ar, عبد الكريم علي يحيى محمد عبد الله الإرياني‎; 12 October 1934 – 8November 2015) was the Prime Minister of Yemen from 29 April 1998 to 31March 2001. Al-Eryani, ...
- former Prime Minister of Yemen *
Abdul Aziz Al-Maqaleh Abdul Aziz Al-Maqaleh (Arabic:; 1937 – 28 November 2022) was a Yemeni poet and writer. He followed the school of free poetry and he was the Yemen's first poet to win the Al-Owais cultural Award. Life and career Al-Maqaleh was born in 1937 ...
- poet and writer * Mutahar al-Iryani - prominent historian and poet *
Zayd Mutee' Dammaj Zayd Mutee' Dammaj (Arabic:زيد مطيع دماج), (1943 - March 20, 2000) was a Yemeni author and politician. He is best known for his short novel '' The Hostage'' which was selected by the Arab Writers Union as one of the top 100 Arabic novels ...
- Yemen's foremost novelist * Brian "The Lion" Mihtar - professional boxer *
Abdul Majeed al-Zindani Abdul Majeed al-Zindani (; born in 1942 in Ibb, Yemen) is a leading Islamist, founder and head of the Iman University in Yemen, head of the Yemeni Muslim Brotherhood political movement and founder of the Commission on Scientific Signs in th ...
- founder and head of the
Iman University Iman University (also al-Iman University, el-Eman University, or al-Eman University; ar, جامعة الإيمان; ''Jāmiʿat al-Īmān'') is a Sunni religious school founded in 1993 in Sanaa, Yemen.
. *
Hamdan Dammag Hamdan Dammag (Arabic:), (born in Ibb 28 November 1973) is a Yemeni computer scientist and a prize-winner novelist. He has several poetry and short stories publications. He is the son of the foremost Yemeni novelist Zayd Mutee' Dammaj. He is ...
- novelist and computer scientist


See also

*
Aghrab Beni Awad Aghrab Beni Awad is a village in the county of Bada'an, Province of Ibb, in the Republic of Yemen. Aghrab is famous for its agriculture Agriculture or farming is the practice of cultivating plants and livestock. Agriculture was the key deve ...
* Jibla * As-Sahul Valley


References


External links

{{Authority control Populated places in Ibb Governorate