Ivan Semyonovich Zhevakhov (), also known as Ivane Simonis dze Javakhishvili ( ka, ივანე ჯავახიშვილი) (1762 – 24 July 1837) was a Georgian nobleman and a general of the

Imperial Russian Army The Imperial Russian Army () was the army of the Russian Empire, active from 1721 until the Russian Revolution of 1917. It was organized into a standing army and a state militia. The standing army consisted of Regular army, regular troops and ...

. Zhevakhov is known for his participation in the

Napoleonic Wars {{Infobox military conflict , conflict = Napoleonic Wars , partof = the French Revolutionary and Napoleonic Wars , image = Napoleonic Wars (revision).jpg , caption = Left to right, top to bottom:Battl ...

and the

Russo-Turkish War (1787–1792) The Russo-Turkish War of 1787–1792 involved an unsuccessful attempt by the Ottoman Empire to regain lands lost to the Russian Empire in the course of the previous Russo-Turkish War (1768–1774). It took place concomitantly with the Austro-T ...

at the Siege of Ochakov (1789).

Family

Zhevakhov was born in the émigré Georgian family of Prince Simon

Javakhishvili The House of Javakhishvili ( ka, ჯავახიშვილი) is a Russian noble family of Georgian origin, which was a branch of the Toreli (თორელი), known from the 10th century. History The surname Javakhishvili, literally " ...

who had an estate in

Ukraine Ukraine is a country in Eastern Europe. It is the List of European countries by area, second-largest country in Europe after Russia, which Russia–Ukraine border, borders it to the east and northeast. Ukraine also borders Belarus to the nor ...

. He had at least one brother, Filipp, who participated in the conquest of

Crimea Crimea ( ) is a peninsula in Eastern Europe, on the northern coast of the Black Sea, almost entirely surrounded by the Black Sea and the smaller Sea of Azov. The Isthmus of Perekop connects the peninsula to Kherson Oblast in mainland Ukrain ...

and was a recipient of the Order of St. Anna. Ivan's branch of the Javakhishvili family originally moved out of Georgia to Russia in the 1730s at the invitation of the exiled Georgian monarch

Vakhtang VI Vakhtang VI ( ka, ვახტანგ VI), also known as Vakhtang the Scholar, Vakhtang the Lawgiver and Ḥosaynqolī Khan (; 15 September 1675 – 26 March 1737), was a Georgian monarch (''mepe'') of the royal Bagrationi dynasty. He ru ...

Career

Zhevakhov joined the military service as a cadet of the Ukrainian hussar regiment in 1775 and received his first major military experience in fighting with the Trans-

Kuban Kuban ( Russian and Ukrainian: Кубань; ) is a historical and geographical region in the North Caucasus region of southern Russia surrounding the Kuban River, on the Black Sea between the Don Steppe, the Volga Delta and separated fr ...

ian

Circassians The Circassians or Circassian people, also called Cherkess or Adyghe (Adyghe language, Adyghe and ), are a Northwest Caucasian languages, Northwest Caucasian ethnic group and nation who originated in Circassia, a region and former country in t ...

in 1777. He then fought in the

and was wounded when storming Ochakov in 1789. Having fought in

Poland Poland, officially the Republic of Poland, is a country in Central Europe. It extends from the Baltic Sea in the north to the Sudetes and Carpathian Mountains in the south, bordered by Lithuania and Russia to the northeast, Belarus and Ukrai ...

in 1792, Zhevakhov was promoted to colonel in 1800 and then participated in the wars against

Napoleonic France The First French Empire or French Empire (; ), also known as Napoleonic France, was the empire ruled by Napoleon Bonaparte, who established French hegemony over much of continental Europe at the beginning of the 19th century. It lasted from ...

from 1805 to 1807. During the 1812

French invasion of Russia The French invasion of Russia, also known as the Russian campaign (), the Second Polish War, and in Russia as the Patriotic War of 1812 (), was initiated by Napoleon with the aim of compelling the Russian Empire to comply with the Continenta ...

, he commanded the

Serpukhov Serpukhov ( rus, Серпухов, p=ˈsʲerpʊxəf) is a types of inhabited localities in Russia, city in Moscow Oblast, Russia, located at the confluence of the Oka River, Oka and the Nara (Oka), Nara Rivers, 99 kilometers (62 miles) south fro ...

dragoon regiment within the 3rd Army of the West and contributed to the Russian success in the July 1812 battles of

Kobryn Kobryn or Kobrin is a town in Brest Region, Belarus. It serves as the administrative center of Kobryn District. It is located in the southwestern corner of Belarus, where the Mukhavets river and Dnieper–Bug Canal meet. The town lies about east ...

and Gorodechna, which halted the French advance toward

Kiev Kyiv, also Kiev, is the capital and most populous List of cities in Ukraine, city of Ukraine. Located in the north-central part of the country, it straddles both sides of the Dnieper, Dnieper River. As of 1 January 2022, its population was 2, ...

. He then led cavalry regiments in Osten-Sacken’s corps and participated in the 1813-14 campaign against Napoleon. On 8 April 1813 he was promoted to the rank of major-general. Zhevakhov resigned due to health problems in 1817 and henceforth lived in

Odessa ODESSA is an American codename (from the German language, German: ''Organisation der ehemaligen SS-Angehörigen'', meaning: Organization of Former SS Members) coined in 1946 to cover Ratlines (World War II aftermath), Nazi underground escape-pl ...

where he died in 1837.Словарь русских генералов, участников боевых действий против армии Наполеона
Российский архив: Сб. — М.: студия «ТРИТЭ» Н.Михалкова, 1996. — Т. VII. — С. 392-393.

References

{{DEFAULTSORT:Zhevakhov, Ivan 1762 births 1837 deaths Russian people of Georgian descent Nobility of Georgia (country) Imperial Russian Army generals Georgian generals in the Imperial Russian Army Georgian major generals (Imperial Russia) Russian commanders of the Napoleonic Wars

Family

Career

See also

References