Island Transit (Washington)
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Island Transit is a
zero-fare Free public transport, often called fare-free public transit or zero-fare public transport, is public transport which is fully funded by means other than collecting fares from passengers. It may be funded by national, regional or local governme ...
transit system in
Island County Island County is a county located in the U.S. state of Washington. As of the 2020 census, its population was 86,857. Its county seat is Coupeville, while its largest city is Oak Harbor. The county's name reflects the fact that it is compos ...
,
Washington Washington most commonly refers to: * George Washington (1732–1799), the first president of the United States * Washington (state), a state in the Pacific Northwest of the United States * Washington, D.C., the capital of the United States ** A ...
, serving
Whidbey Island Whidbey Island (historical spellings Whidby, Whitbey, or Whitby) is the largest of the islands composing Island County, Washington, Island County, Washington (state), Washington, in the United States, and the largest island in Washington stat ...
and
Camano Island Camano Island is a large island in Possession Sound, a section of Puget Sound. It is part of Island County, Washington, and is located between Whidbey Island and the mainland (Snohomish County) by the Saratoga Passage to the west and Port Sus ...
. The system consists of fixed-route
bus A bus (contracted from omnibus, with variants multibus, motorbus, autobus, etc.) is a motor vehicle that carries significantly more passengers than an average car or van, but fewer than the average rail transport. It is most commonly used ...
service,
paratransit Paratransit (also community transport in the United Kingdom, or intermediate public transport) is a type of public transport service that supplements fixed-route mass transit by providing individualized rides without fixed routes or timetables. P ...
, and
vanpool Vanpools or vanpooling is an element of the transit system that allow groups of people to share the ride similar to a carpool, but on a larger scale with concurrent savings in fuel and vehicle operating costs and thus usually a lower cost to the ...
s, and carried a total of 380,574 passengers in 2023. Until 2023, there was no Sunday or holiday service on Island Transit routes. The system is funded by a 0.9 percent
sales tax A sales tax is a tax paid to a governing body for the sales of certain goods and services. Usually laws allow the seller to collect funds for the tax from the consumer at the point of purchase. When a tax on goods or services is paid to a govern ...
within Island County, as well as state and federal grants. The tax was initially 0.3 percent when bus service started in 1987, but was increased in 2000 and 2009 in response to funding shortfalls.


History

Island Transit was established in 1983 as a public transportation benefit area (PTBA), a type of municipal corporation in Washington state for public transit agencies. The Island County Board of Commissioners proposed the creation of a PTBA in September 1980, using a 0.3 percent sales and use tax to fund a bus system. The first countywide vote was rejected in November 1980, but a pilot project with two vans to serve Coupeville and Oak Harbor was launched by the county government. The sales tax was rejected again in September 1982 by a narrow margin of 212 votes; in response, the boundaries of the PTBA were re-drawn to exclude part of northern Whidbey Island and all of Camano Island. The sales tax and transit system was approved by 56.5 percent of voters in a third ballot measure, held on November 8, 1983, within the revised boundaries. A lawsuit was filed in 1985 challenging the revision of PTBA boundaries prior to the third vote, with the
appellant In law, an appeal is the process in which cases are reviewed by a higher authority, where parties request a formal change to an official decision. Appeals function both as a process for error correction as well as a process of clarifying and ...
s from northern Whidbey arguing that their constitutional rights of
equal protection The Equal Protection Clause is part of the first section of the Fourteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution. The clause, which took effect in 1868, provides "nor shall any State... deny to any person within its jurisdiction the equal pr ...
and equal suffrage were deprived because of their inability to vote on the measure. In July 1986, the
Washington Supreme Court The Washington Supreme Court is the highest court in the judiciary of the U.S. state of Washington (state), Washington. The court is composed of a chief justice and eight associate justices. Members of the court are elected to six-year terms. ...
unanimously upheld the PTBA's boundary revision, allowing it to begin collecting sales tax that was authorized by the vote. The system was officially named "Island Transit" in February 1987 and conducted
public hearing In law, a hearing is the formal examination of a case (civil or criminal) before a judge. It is a proceeding before a court or other decision-making body or officer, such as a government agency or a legislative committee. Description A hearing ...
s on its proposed routes. Island Transit launched on December 1, 1987, with four routes that served Oak Harbor and southern Whidbey Island,
vanpool Vanpools or vanpooling is an element of the transit system that allow groups of people to share the ride similar to a carpool, but on a larger scale with concurrent savings in fuel and vehicle operating costs and thus usually a lower cost to the ...
service to the
Boeing Everett Factory The Boeing Everett Factory, officially the Everett Production Facility, is an airplane assembly facility operated by Boeing in Everett, Washington, United States. It sits on the north side of Paine Field and includes the largest building in th ...
, and contracted
dial-a-ride Demand-responsive transport (DRT), also known as demand-responsive transit, demand-responsive service,
US National Trans ...
service. The system grew from 161 riders on its first day to over 1,400 daily passengers within a few months. Passengers were originally charged no fares as a six-month trial that was later extended through the rest of 1988 due to its popularity. The fare-free policy was extended several times by Island Transit before being officially adopted. In March 1992, Island Transit became the first agency in the state of Washington to operate
paratransit Paratransit (also community transport in the United Kingdom, or intermediate public transport) is a type of public transport service that supplements fixed-route mass transit by providing individualized rides without fixed routes or timetables. P ...
service required by the new
Americans with Disabilities Act The Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990 or ADA () is a civil rights law that prohibits discrimination based on disability. It affords similar protections against discrimination to Americans with disabilities as the Civil Rights Act of 1964, ...
. Later that year, northern Whidbey Island was annexed into the PTBA district after approval from voters; service to northern Whidbey Island began the following March.
Camano Island Camano Island is a large island in Possession Sound, a section of Puget Sound. It is part of Island County, Washington, and is located between Whidbey Island and the mainland (Snohomish County) by the Saratoga Passage to the west and Port Sus ...
voters approved annexation into the Island Transit district on May 16, 1996, after trial service to the island that began in January. The agency opened its first
transit center A transport hub is a place where passengers and cargo are exchanged between vehicles and/or between transport modes. Public transport hubs include railway stations, rapid transit stations, bus stops, tram stops, airports, and ferry slips. ...
, located in Oak Harbor, in December 1996. The passage of Initiative 695 in November 1999 eliminated the use of
motor vehicle excise tax Road tax, known by various names around the world, is a tax which has to be paid on, or included with, a motorised vehicle to use it on a public road. National implementations Australia All states and territories require an annual vehicle registr ...
, a funding source for local transit throughout the state, including 60 percent of Island Transit's annual fixed revenue. By the end of the year, intra-county service to
Mount Vernon Mount Vernon is the former residence and plantation of George Washington, a Founding Father, commander of the Continental Army in the Revolutionary War, and the first president of the United States, and his wife, Martha. An American landmar ...
and Saturday service on Whidbey Island were both cancelled, and 13 employees were laid off. In May 2000, a 0.3 percent sales tax increase for Island Transit was approved, bringing the total tax to 0.6 percent. Saturday service was restored in August, and a new route to Mount Vernon began in July 2001. Intra-county service was expanded in September 2005 with the establishment of the "County Connector" network by Island Transit,
Skagit Transit Skagit Transit is a public transit system in Skagit County, Washington, US. It operates 19 fixed-route bus routes, as well as paratransit and vanpool services across the entire county. The agency was founded in 1993 and is funded by a 0.4 percent ...
and Whatcom Transit Authority, with routes from Whidbey Island to Mount Vernon as well as Camano Island to Mount Vernon and
Everett Station Everett Station is a train station serving the city of Everett, Washington, United States. The station has been served by ''Amtrak Cascades, Cascades'' and ''Empire Builder'' since opening in 2002, replacing an earlier station near the Port o ...
. The sales tax was increased once again, to 0.9 percent, in 2009 by voters amidst the
Great Recession The Great Recession was a period of market decline in economies around the world that occurred from late 2007 to mid-2009.
and declining sales tax revenue. Island Transit laid off 24 employees and cancelled several routes in 2014 due to a shortfall in revenues earmarked for operations. The planned withdrawal of state funding for inter-county service in 2017 led to fares being introduced on one route, the restored Camano–Everett express, in 2016 after it had been cut. Saturday service, which was eliminated in the 2014 cuts, was later restored in January 2018. The agency considered introducing fares for all of its routes in 2018 to fund service improvements, but rejected the proposal due to public opposition and impacts to ridership. Island Transit launched its on-demand
microtransit Microtransit is a form of bus demand responsive transport vehicle for hire. This transit service offers a flexible routing and/or flexible scheduling of minibus vehicles shared with other passengers. Microtransit providers build routes ad-hoc ex ...
service, branded as "Island Transit GO!", in April 2022 with battery electric vans to provide service in five zones. In 2023, Island Transit purchased near its Coupeville headquarters for future uses, including a potential
solar farm A photovoltaic power station, also known as a solar park, solar farm, or solar power plant, is a large-scale grid-connected photovoltaic power system (PV system) designed for the supply of merchant power. They are different from most building ...
or hydrogen fueling station for buses. The agency unveiled a new logo and bus livery in January 2024.


Routes

:'


All Whidbey

* Route 1: (Oak Harbor to Clinton): via Coupeville, Greenbank, South Whidbey State Park, Freeland, and Bayview * Route 1 Saturday: Oak Harbor to Coupeville/Clinton Ferries


North/Central Whidbey

* Route 4: (Oak Harbor to Deception Pass State Park) Sunday only. * Route 6: (Oak Harbor to Coupeville): Oak Harbor to Coupeville Ferry Terminal, via Coupeville, Fort Casey * Route 9: (West Oak Harbor) * Route 10: (Central Oak Harbor) * Route 411W: (County Connector): Oak Harbor to March's Point, via Troxell/Ducken; connection to
Skagit Transit Skagit Transit is a public transit system in Skagit County, Washington, US. It operates 19 fixed-route bus routes, as well as paratransit and vanpool services across the entire county. The agency was founded in 1993 and is funded by a 0.4 percent ...


South Whidbey

* Route 58: (Satchet Head to Clinton Ferry): Clinton to Satchet Head via Cultus Bay Road *Route 60: (Saturday) Bayview to Clinton Ferry via Langley


Camano Island

* Route 1C (West Camano Island): Terry's Corner to Camano Plaza, Lost Lake, Cama Beach, Chapman, and Huntington * Route 3C: Terry's Corner to Stanwood; connection to
Community Transit Community Transit (CT) is the public transit authority of Snohomish County, Washington, United States, in the Seattle metropolitan area. It operates Public transport bus service, local bus, paratransit and vanpool service within Snohomish Count ...
* Route 411C (County Connector): Terry's Corner to Mount Vernon, via Stanwood (Saturday’s this route is combined with Route 3C) * Route 412C (County Connector): Terry's Corner to
Everett Station Everett Station is a train station serving the city of Everett, Washington, United States. The station has been served by ''Amtrak Cascades, Cascades'' and ''Empire Builder'' since opening in 2002, replacing an earlier station near the Port o ...


Island Transit GO! (

Microtransit Microtransit is a form of bus demand responsive transport vehicle for hire. This transit service offers a flexible routing and/or flexible scheduling of minibus vehicles shared with other passengers. Microtransit providers build routes ad-hoc ex ...
)

* Zone 2 (Camano) * Zone 3 (Oak Harbor) * Zone 6 (Coupeville) * Zone 58 (Satchet Head/Clinton Ferry) * NASWI On Demand


References


External links

* {{Puget Sound Transit Bus transportation in Washington (state) Transportation in Island County, Washington Free public transport Transit agencies in Washington (state)