The UEFA Intertoto Cup (from , "between" and , "

betting pool A betting pool, syndicate, sports lottery, sweep, or office pool if done at work, is a form of gambling, specifically a variant of parimutuel betting influenced by lotteries, where gamblers pay a fixed price into a ''pool'' (from which taxes and a ...

"),Most precisely, from (

football pool In the United Kingdom, the football pools, often referred to as "the pools", is a betting pool based on predicting the outcome of association football matches taking place in the coming week. The pools are typically cheap to enter, and may en ...

); cf. originally called the International Football Cup, was a summer

football Football is a family of team sports that involve, to varying degrees, kick (football), kicking a football (ball), ball to score a goal (sports), goal. Unqualified, football (word), the word ''football'' generally means the form of football t ...

competition between European

clubs Club may refer to: Arts, entertainment, and media * Club (magazine), ''Club'' (magazine) * Club, a ''Yie Ar Kung-Fu'' character * Clubs (suit), a suit of playing cards * Club music * "Club", by Kelsea Ballerini from the album ''kelsea'' Brands a ...

. The competition was discontinued after the 2008 tournament. The tournament was founded in 1961–62, but was only taken over by

UEFA The Union of European Football Associations (UEFA ; ; ) is one of six continental bodies of governance in association football. It governs football, futsal and beach soccer, beach football in Europe and the List of transcontinental countries#A ...

in 1995. Initially, the tournament ended with a single champion, who received the Intertoto Cup. Starting in 1967, the tournament ended with a number of group winners (7 to 14 winners), who received cash prizes. When UEFA took on the tournament, it became a qualifier for the

UEFA Cup The asterisk ( ), from Late Latin , from Ancient Greek , , "little star", is a Typography, typographical symbol. It is so called because it resembles a conventional image of a star (heraldry), heraldic star. Computer scientists and Mathematici ...

, with 2 to 11 Intertoto winners advancing to the second qualifying round of the UEFA Cup. Any club who wished to participate had to apply for entry, with the highest placed clubs (by league position in their domestic league) at the end of the season entering the competition. The club did not have to be ranked directly below the clubs which had qualified for another UEFA competition; if the club which was in that position did not apply, they would not be eligible to compete, with the place instead going to the club which did apply. The cup billed itself as providing both an opportunity for clubs who otherwise would not get the chance to enter the UEFA Cup and as an opportunity for sports

lotteries A lottery (or lotto) is a form of gambling that involves the drawing of numbers at random for a prize. Some governments outlaw lotteries, while others endorse it to the extent of organizing a national or state lottery. It is common to find som ...

(or pools) to continue during the summer. This reflects its background, which was as a tournament solely for football pools. In 1995, the tournament came under official UEFA sanctioning and UEFA Cup qualification places were granted. Initially, two were provided; this was increased to three after one year; but in 2006, it was again increased to the final total of 11.

History

The Intertoto Cup was the idea of

Malmö FF Malmö Fotbollförening (), commonly known simply as Malmö FF or MFF, is a Swedish professional football club based in Malmö, Scania. They compete in the Allsvenskan, the top division of Swedish football, and play home matches at the Eleda S ...

chairman

Eric Persson Eric "Hövdingen" Persson (19 April 1898 – 9 June 1984) was chairman of the Swedish football club Malmö FF between 1937 and 1974. He is commonly regarded as one of the most prominent figures in Swedish football history. Chairman of Malmö FF ...

and the later

FIFA The Fédération Internationale de Football Association (), more commonly known by its acronym FIFA ( ), is the international self-regulatory governing body of association football, beach soccer, and futsal. It was founded on 21 May 1904 to o ...

vice-president and founder of the

Inter-Cities Fairs Cup The Inter-Cities Fairs Cup, most commonly referred to as the Fairs Cup and sometimes as the European Fairs Cup or Fairs Cities' Cup, was a European football competition played between 1955 and 1971. The Fairs Cup was the idea of FIFA vice-presid ...

, Ernst B. Thommen, and the Austrian coach

Karl Rappan Karl Rappan (26 September 1905 – 2 January 1996) was an Austrian footballer and coach. He played and managed mostly in Switzerland, where he won multiple titles. He had four tenures as coach of the Switzerland national team, which he managed ...

, who coached the Switzerland national team at the

1938 FIFA World Cup The 1938 FIFA World Cup was the 3rd edition of the FIFA World Cup, World Cup, the quadrennial international Association football, football championship for senior men's national teams. It was held in France from 4 to 19 June 1938. Italy national ...

and at the 1954 World Cup. The "Cup for the Cupless" was also heavily promoted by the Swiss newspaper ''Sport''. It derived its name from ''Toto'', the

German German(s) may refer to: * Germany, the country of the Germans and German things **Germania (Roman era) * Germans, citizens of Germany, people of German ancestry, or native speakers of the German language ** For citizenship in Germany, see also Ge ...

term for

football pools In the United Kingdom, the football pools, often referred to as "the pools", is a betting pool based on predicting the outcome of association football matches taking place in the coming week. The pools are typically cheap to enter, and may enc ...

. Thommen, who had set up football betting pools in Switzerland in 1932, had a major interest in having purposeful matches played in the summer break. UEFA were initially disinclined to support the tournament, finding its betting background distasteful; nevertheless they permitted the new tournament but refrained from getting officially involved. Clubs which qualified for one of the official continental competitions, such as the European Champions Cups and

Cup Winners' Cup The UEFA Cup Winners' Cup was a European football club competition contested annually by the winners of domestic cup competitions. The competition's official name was originally the European Cup Winners' Cup; it was renamed the UEFA Cup Winne ...

, were not allowed to participate. The first tournament was held in 1961 as the International Football Cup (IFC). Initially the Cup had a group stage, which led to knock-out matches culminating in a final. By 1967, it had become difficult to organize the games, and so the knock-out rounds and the final were scrapped, leaving the tournament without a single winner. Instead, group winners received prizes of CHF10,000-15,000. By 1995, UEFA had reconsidered their opinion, took official control of the tournament and changed its format. Initially, two winners were given a place in the UEFA Cup. The success of one of the first winners,

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, in reaching the

final Final, Finals or The Final may refer to: *Final examination or finals, a test given at the end of a course of study or training *Final (competition), the last or championship round of a sporting competition, match, game, or other contest which d ...

of the

1995–96 UEFA Cup The 1995–96 UEFA Cup was the 25th season of Europe's then-tertiary club football tournament organised by UEFA. It was won by German club Bayern Munich on aggregate over Bordeaux of France. Girondins de Bordeaux went to the final all the way ...

encouraged UEFA to add a third UEFA Cup place in 1996. Many clubs disliked the competition and saw it as disruptive in the preparation for the new season. As a consequence, they did not nominate themselves for participation even if entitled. In particular, following its 1995 relaunch, clubs in England were sceptical about the competition; after initially being offered three places in the cup, all English top division teams rejected the chance to take part. Following the threat of bans of English teams from all UEFA competitions, three English clubs were entered but fielded weakened teams. UEFA's punishment was to dock England a fourth UEFA Cup qualification place in 1995–96 "due to the conduct of

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and

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in last season's Intertoto Cup." In following years, UEFA made it possible for nations to forfeit Intertoto places. For example, in 1998, Scotland, San Marino and Moldova forfeited their places, and England, Portugal, and Greece forfeited one of their two,

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being the sole English entrant despite finishing bottom of the Premier League. Other clubs have built upon their success in the UI Cup, following it up with great campaigns in the UEFA Cup. Furthermore, UEFA rejected this assertion that the tournament is disruptive. They point out that in the 2004–05 season, two of the three 2004 Intertoto Cup winners went on to qualify directly for the Champions League (Schalke and Lille) whilst the 3rd one qualified by winning its 3rd qualifying round (Villarreal). In December 2007, following the election of new UEFA president

Michel Platini Michel François Platini (; born 21 June 1955) is a French association football, football Administrator (business), administrator and former player and manager. Regarded as one of the greatest footballers of all time, Platini won the Ballon d'O ...

, it was announced that the Intertoto Cup would be abolished as of 2009. This was a part of a range of changes that were to be made to the UEFA Cup/Champions League System. Instead of teams qualifying for the Intertoto Cup, they would now qualify directly for the qualifying stages of the

UEFA Europa League The UEFA Europa League (UEL), usually known simply as the Europa League, is an annual association football, football club competition organised since 1971 by the UEFA, Union of European Football Associations (UEFA) for eligible European footb ...

, which was expanded to four rounds to accommodate them. The

UEFA Europa Conference League The UEFA Conference League (UECL), usually known simply as the Conference League, is an annual association football, football competition organised since 2021 by the UEFA, Union of European Football Associations (UEFA) for eligible European foot ...

was introduced in 2021 as a third-tier European tournament.

Format

When the competition was taken over by UEFA in 1995, the format was both a group stage and a knock-out stage; 60 teams were split into 12 groups of five with the 16 best teams then contesting the knock-out stage with

two-legged In sports (especially association football), a two-legged tie is a contest between two teams which comprises two matches or "legs", with each team as the home team in one leg. The winning team is usually determined by aggregate score, the sum of ...

ties at each stage, the two winning finalists qualifying for the UEFA Cup. In 1996 and 1997, just the 12 group winners entered the knock-out round, with now three finalists advancing. Nations were allocated places according to their

UEFA coefficient In European football, the UEFA coefficients are statistics based in weighted arithmetic means used for ranking and seeding teams in club and international competitions. Introduced in 1979 for men's football tournaments (country rankings only), ...

s, much as with other UEFA tournaments. The group stage was scrapped for the 1998 tournament, which became a straight knock-out tournament, with clubs from more successful nations entering at a later stage. This arrangement lasted until 2005. From the 2006 tournament, the format for the Cup changed. There were three rounds instead of the previous five, and the 11 winning teams from the third round went through to the second qualifying round of the UEFA Cup. The clubs which were furthest in the UEFA Cup would each be awarded with a trophy. The first club that received that trophy (a plaque) was

Newcastle United Newcastle United Football Club is a professional association football club based in Newcastle upon Tyne, Tyne and Wear, England. The club competes in the Premier League, the top tier of English football league system, English football. Since th ...

. Only one team from each national association was allowed to enter. However, if one or more nations did not take up their place, the possibility was left open for nations to have a second entrant. Seedings and entry were determined by each association. Teams from the weakest federations entered at the first round stage, while those from mid-level federations entered in the second round, and those from the strongest federations entered in the third round.

Results

Winners by year (non-UEFA)

1961–1967

''The results shown are the aggregate total over two legs unless otherwise noted.''

1967–1994

During this time there were no competition winners, as only group stages were contested. The outright winners (determined by their best champions) are marked in bold.

=Region system (1967, 1968, 1970)

=Non-region system (1969, 1971–1994)

Winners by year (UEFA)

1995–2005

''The results shown are the aggregate total over two legs. ''Listed are each year's three teams (two in 1995) that won the final matches, qualifying them for the UEFA Cup.

2006–2008

Listed are all 11 teams that won the Intertoto Cup, qualifying for the UEFA Cup. The outright winners (determined by the best performance in the UEFA Cup) are marked in bold.

Statistics

From 2006 onwards, the final round was no longer termed as the "Final", but instead simply as the "Third Round". In addition, there were 11 winners, compared to three under the old system. The clubs which progressed furthest in the

were awarded with a trophy (plaque).

Organized by UEFA

Winners by club

Winners by nation

Overall

Winners by nation (including 2006–2008 co-winners)

, , Sweden , 46 , 28 , Malmö FF (10), IFK Göteborg (8), Öster (5), AIK (4), Halmstad (3) IFK Norrköping (3), Atvidaberg (2), Elfsborg (2), Hammarby (2), Örebro (2), Brage, Djurgården, GAIS, Örgryte, Trelleborg , Malmö FF (8), Atvidaberg (2), IFK Göteborg (2), IFK Norrköping (2), Kalmar (2), Örgryte (2), Öster (2), Djurgården, Häcken, Halmstad, Hammarby, Helsingborg, Landskrona, Örebro, Trelleborg , - style="vertical-align:center" , , Poland , 25 , 27 , Pogoń Szczecin (3), Polonia Bytom (3), Wisla Kraków (3), Lech Poznań (2), Odra Opole (2), ROW Rybnik (2), Widzew Łódź (2), Zaglebie Sosnowiec (2), Górnik Zabrze, Katowice, Legia Warsaw, Ruch Chorzów, Szombierki Bytom , Zaglebie Sosnowiec (4), Górnik Zabrze (2), Gwardia Warsaw (2), Katowice (2), Legia Warsaw (2), Polonia Bytom (2), Ruch Chorzów (2), Szombierki Bytom (2), Wisla Kraków (2), Lech Poznań, LKS Łódź, Odra Opole, Pogoń Szczecin, ROW Rybnik, Widzew Łódź, Zawisza Bydgoszcz , - , , Switzerland , 22 , 15 , Grasshopper (6), Young Boys (5), Zürich (4), Luzern (2), Neuchâtel Xamax (2), Lausanne Sports, Lugano, Servette , Grasshopper (4), Lausanne Sports (2), Zürich (2), Aarau, Basel, Grenchen, Lugano, Sion, St. Gallen, Young Boys , - , , Denmark , 21 , 30 , AGF (3), Lyngby (3), AaB (2), B 1903 (2), Brøndby (2), Frem (2), Odense (2), Copenhagen, Ikast, KB, Næstved, Silkeborg , Odense (7), AGF (4), KB (4), Vejle (4), Brøndby (2), Esbjerg (2), Lyngby (2), Næstved (2), Frem, Hvidovre, Silkeborg , - , , Austria , 20 , 32 , Wacker/Tirol Innsbruck (4), Rapid Vienna (3), Salzburg (3), Ried, Sturm Graz, Austria Vienna (2), VÖEST Linz (2), Admira, First Vienna, GAK, Ried, Sturm Graz, Wiener Sportclub , Sturm Graz (5), Wacker/Tirol Innsbruck (5), LASK Linz (4), Admira (3), Austria Vienna (3), First Vienna (3), Salzburg (3), VÖEST Linz (2), Austria Klagenfurt, Pasching, Rapid Vienna, Wiener Sportclub , - , , France , 19 , 9 , Marseille (3), Auxerre (2), Lens (2), Lille (2), Bastia, Bordeaux, Guingamp, Lyon, Montpellier, Paris Saint-Germain, Rennes, Saint-Étienne, Strasbourg, Troyes , Auxerre, Bordeaux, Caen, Lille, Metz, Montpellier, RCF Paris, Rennes, Saint-Étienne , - , ,

East Germany East Germany, officially known as the German Democratic Republic (GDR), was a country in Central Europe from Foundation of East Germany, its formation on 7 October 1949 until German reunification, its reunification with West Germany (FRG) on ...

, 12 , 9 , Carl Zeiss Jena (3), Chemnitz/Karl-Marx-Stadt (2), Rot-Weiss Erfurt (2), Wismut Aue (2), Empor Rostock, Lokomotive Leipzig, Union Berlin , Lokomotive Leipzig (3), Carl Zeiss Jena (2), Chemnitz/Karl-Marx-Stadt (2), Dynamo Dresden, Magdeburg , - , , Hungary , 9 , 12 , Tatabánya (2), Újpest (2), Videoton (2), Békéscsaba, MTK, Siófok , Vác (3), Honvéd (2), Videoton (2), Győr, MTK, Pécsi, Siófok, Zalaegerszegi , - , , Netherlands , 9 , 11 , Feyenoord (3), Ajax (2), Twente (2), ADO Den Haag, MVV , ADO Den Haag (3), Armsterdam, Feyenoord, Groningen, Heerenveen, NAC Breda, PSV, Twente, Utrecht , - , , Spain , 8 , 5 , Villarreal (2), Atlético Madrid, Celta de Vigo, Deportivo La Coruña, Español, Málaga, Valencia , Villarreal (2), Atlético Madrid, Deportivo La Coruña, Valencia , - , , Belgium , 7 , 15 , Standard Liège (5), Lierse, Molenbeek , Standard Liège (8), Gent (2), Anderlecht, Beveren, Liège, Molenbeek, Royal Antwerp , - , , Italy , 6 , 3 , Bologna, Juventus, Napoli, Perugia, Sampdoria, Udinese , Bologna, Brescia, Padova , - , , England , 6 , 1 , Aston Villa (2), Blackburn Rovers, Fulham, Newcastle United, West Ham United , Newcastle United , - , , Israel , 5 , 6 , Maccabi Netanya (4), Maccabi Haifa (1) , Maccabi Haifa (2), Bnei Sakhnin, Hapoel Be’er Sheva, Hapoel Tel Aviv, Maccabi Petah Tikva , - , , Portugal , 5 , 6 , Belenenses, Braga, CUF, Leiria, Sporting , Vitória Guimarães (2), Belenenses, CUF, Leiria, Vitória Setúbal , - , , Bulgaria , 4 , 13 , Etar Veliko Tarnovo, Lokomotiv Gorna Oryahovitsa, Pirin Blagoevgrad, Slavia Sofia , Pirin Blagoevgrad (3), Slavia Sofia (3), Chernomorets Burgas (2), Lokomotiv Sofia (2), Cherno More Varna, Marek Dupnitsa, Spartak Varna , - , ,

Yugoslavia , common_name = Yugoslavia , life_span = 1918–19921941–1945: World War II in Yugoslavia#Axis invasion and dismemberment of Yugoslavia, Axis occupation , p1 = Kingdom of SerbiaSerbia , flag_p ...

, 4 , 6 , Budućnost, Čelik Zenica, Sloboda Tuzla, Vojvodina , Vojvodina (3), Olimpija Ljubljana, Rad, Sloboda Tuzla , - , , Romania , 2 , 5 , Oţelul Galaţi, Vaslui , Rapid Bucureşti (2), CFR Cluj, Farul Constanţa, Gloria Bistriţa , - , , Norway , 1 , 7 , Rosenborg , Bryne (2), Lillestrøm (2), Vålerenga (2), Viking , - , , Czech Republic , 1 , 4 , Slavia Prague , Sigma Olomouc (2), Slavia Prague, Slovan Liberec , - , , Turkey , 1 , 2 , Kayserispor , Sivasspor, Trabzonspor , - , , Slovakia , 1 , 1 , Slovan Bratislava , Slovan Bratislava , - , , Cyprus , 1 , , , Ethnikos Achna , , - , , Kazakhstan , 1 , , , Tobol Kostanay , , - , , Slovenia , 1 , , , Maribor , , - , , Russia , , , 5 , , FC Moscow, Rotor Volgograd, Rubin Kazan, Saturn, Zenit St. Petersburg , - , , Greece , , , 3 , , Larissa, OFI Crete, Panionios , - , , Ukraine , , , 3 , , Chornomorets Odesa, Dnipro Dnipropetrovsk, Tavriya Simferopol , - , , Moldova , , , 2 , , Dacia Chişinău, Tiraspol , - , , Azerbaijan , , , 1 , , Neftchi Baku , - , , Croatia , , , 1 , , Segesta , - , ,

FR Yugoslavia The State Union of Serbia and Montenegro or simply Serbia and Montenegro, known until 2003 as the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia and commonly referred to as FR Yugoslavia (FRY) or simply Yugoslavia, was a country in Southeast Europe locate ...

, , , 1 , , Vojvodina , - , , Latvia , , , 1 , , Riga , - , , Lithuania , , , 1 , , Vėtra , - , , Scotland , , , 1 , , Hibernian , - , , Serbia , , , 1 , , Hajduk Kula

Notes

References

Intertoto Cup The UEFA Intertoto Cup (from , "between" and , " betting pool"),Most precisely, from (football pool); cf. originally called the International Football Cup, was a summer football competition between European clubs. The competition was discon ...

1961 establishments in Europe 2008 disestablishments in Europe