Integrin beta-7 is an
integrin
Integrins are transmembrane receptors that help cell–cell and cell–extracellular matrix (ECM) adhesion. Upon ligand binding, integrins activate signal transduction pathways that mediate cellular signals such as regulation of the cell cycle, o ...
protein
Proteins are large biomolecules and macromolecules that comprise one or more long chains of amino acid residue (biochemistry), residues. Proteins perform a vast array of functions within organisms, including Enzyme catalysis, catalysing metab ...
that in humans is encoded by the ''ITGB7''
gene
In biology, the word gene has two meanings. The Mendelian gene is a basic unit of heredity. The molecular gene is a sequence of nucleotides in DNA that is transcribed to produce a functional RNA. There are two types of molecular genes: protei ...
.
It can pair with
ITGA4 (CD49d) to form the
heterodimer
In biochemistry, a protein dimer is a macromolecular complex or multimer formed by two protein monomers, or single proteins, which are usually non-covalently bound. Many macromolecules, such as proteins or nucleic acids, form dimers. The word ...
ic integrin
receptor
Receptor may refer to:
* Sensory receptor, in physiology, any neurite structure that, on receiving environmental stimuli, produces an informative nerve impulse
*Receptor (biochemistry), in biochemistry, a protein molecule that receives and respond ...
αβ, or with
ITGAE (CD103) to form αβ.
Structure
Like all integrin subunits, β is a highly flexible, membrane-bound, extracellular protein that must pair with an α subunit for stability. The molecule's flexibility allows it to dynamically regulate its affinity for
ligand
In coordination chemistry, a ligand is an ion or molecule with a functional group that binds to a central metal atom to form a coordination complex. The bonding with the metal generally involves formal donation of one or more of the ligand's el ...
through conformational changes.
Beginning with the apical end of the protein, farthest from the cell membrane, the β is composed of a head and upper legs, collectively known as the headpiece, lower legs, a
transmembrane domain
A transmembrane domain (TMD, TM domain) is a membrane-spanning protein domain. TMDs may consist of one or several alpha-helices or a transmembrane beta barrel. Because the interior of the lipid bilayer is hydrophobic, the amino acid residues in ...
and a
cytoplasmic
The cytoplasm describes all the material within a eukaryotic or prokaryotic cell, enclosed by the cell membrane, including the organelles and excluding the nucleus in eukaryotic cells. The material inside the nucleus of a eukaryotic cell and ...
tail. The top of the head is the I-like domain, sometimes called the βI domain, which, in combination with the α subunit, binds ligand. Just below this is the hybrid domain, a portion of which is
N-terminal to the I-like domain. Below the hybrid domain is the PSI domain, which completes the headpiece. The lower legs consist of
EGF domains 1-4 and the β tail domain. Finally there is a transmembrane domain, and the
C-terminal
The C-terminus (also known as the carboxyl-terminus, carboxy-terminus, C-terminal tail, carboxy tail, C-terminal end, or COOH-terminus) is the end of an amino acid chain (protein or polypeptide), terminated by a free carboxyl group (-COOH). When t ...
cytoplasmic tail.
Interactions
ITGB7 has been shown to
interact with
EED.
References
Further reading
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External links
ITGB7Info with links in th
Cell Migration Gateway
{{Integrins
Integrins