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The term information scientist developed in the latter part of the twentieth century by Wm. Hovey Smith to describe an individual, usually with a relevant subject degree (such as one in
Information and Computer Science Computer and information science (CIS; also known as information and computer science) is a field that emphasizes ''both'' computing and informatics, upholding the strong association between the fields of information sciences and computer scienc ...
- CIS) or high level of subject knowledge, providing focused information to scientific and technical research staff in industry. It is a role quite distinct from and complementary to that of a
librarian A librarian is a person who professionally works managing information. Librarians' common activities include providing access to information, conducting research, creating and managing information systems, creating, leading, and evaluating educat ...
. Developments in end-user searching, together with some convergence between the roles of librarian and information scientist, have led to a diminution in its use in this context, and the term information officer or ''
information professional An information professional or information specialist is someone who collects, records, organises, stores, preserves, retrieves, and disseminates printed or digital information. The service delivered to the client is known as an information service ...
'' (''information specialist'') are also now used. The term was, and is, also used for an individual carrying out research in information science. Brian C. Vickery mentions that the ''
Institute of Information Scientists The Chartered Institute of Library and Information Professionals (CILIP, pronounced ) is a professional body for librarians, information specialists and knowledge managers in the United Kingdom. It was established in 2002 as a merger of th ...
'' (IIS) was established in London during 1958 and lists the criteria put forward by this institute "Criteria for Information Science" (appendix 1) as well as his own "Areas of study in information science" (appendix 2). The IIS merged with the Library Association in 2002 to form the
Chartered Institute of Library and Information Professionals The Chartered Institute of Library and Information Professionals (CILIP, pronounced ) is a professional body for librarians, information specialists and knowledge management, knowledge managers in the United Kingdom. It was established in 20 ...
(CILIP).


Notable Information Scientists

See also
Award of Merit - Association for Information Science and Technology The Award of Merit is bestowed by the Association for Information Science and Technology. It is an annual prize to an individual for a lifetime of achievement that recognizes sustained contributions to and/or achievements in the field of infor ...
*
Marcia Bates Marcia J. Bates (born 1942) is a Professor Emerita of information studies at the UCLA School of Education and Information Studies. Career Bates received an MLS in 1967 and a PhD (1972), both from the University of California, Berkeley. She pr ...
* David Blair (information technologist) * Samuel C. Bradford * Michael Buckland * John M. Carroll * Blaise Cronin * Emilia Currás *
Eugene Garfield Eugene Eli Garfield (September 16, 1925 – February 26, 2017) was an American linguistics, linguist and businessman, one of the founders of bibliometrics and scientometrics. He helped to create ''Current Contents'', ''Science Citation Index'' ( ...
* Paul B. Kantor *
Frederick Wilfrid Lancaster Frederick Wilfrid ("Wilf") Lancaster (September 4, 1933 – August 25, 2013) was a British-American information scientist. He immigrated to the US in 1959 and worked as information specialist for the National Library of Medicine in Bethesda, Mar ...
*
Calvin Mooers Calvin Northrup Mooers (October 24, 1919 – December 1, 1994), was an American computer scientist known for his work in information retrieval and for the programming language TRAC. Early life Mooers was a native of Minneapolis, Minnesota, atte ...
* Tefko Saracevic * Linda C. Smith * Robert Saxton Taylor * Brian Campbell Vickery * Thomas D. Wilson


See also

*
Computer scientist A computer scientist is a scientist who specializes in the academic study of computer science. Computer scientists typically work on the theoretical side of computation. Although computer scientists can also focus their work and research on ...
*
Documentalist A documentalist is a professional, trained in documentation science and specializing in assisting researchers in their search for scientific and technical documentation. With the development of bibliographical databases such as MEDLINE, documentali ...
* Information history * Information science * Library and information scientist *
Library scholar A library and information scientist, also known as a library scholar, is a researcher or academic who specializes in the field of library and information science and often participates in scholarly writing about and related to library and informati ...
* *


References

* Vickery, B. & Vickery, A. (1987) ''Information Science in theory and practice'' (London: Bowker-Saur, pp. 361–369) *Ellis, David and Merete Haugan. (1997) "Modelling the information seeking patterns of engineers and research scientists in an industrial environment" (''Journal of Documentation'', Volume 53(4): pp. 384–403) *Vickery, Brian Campbell (1988) "Essays presented to B. C. Vickery" (''Journal of Documentation'', Volume 44, pp. 199–283)


External links

"Pioneers" of Information Science scrapbook: https://web.archive.org/web/20140201230801/http://faculty.libsci.sc.edu/bob/ISP/scrapbook.htm {{Authority control . Information science da:Informationsforsker