Ignacio Solano
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Ignacio Solano Cabello (born 17 June 1977) is a Spanish
biologist A biologist is a scientist who conducts research in biology. Biologists are interested in studying life on Earth, whether it is an individual Cell (biology), cell, a multicellular organism, or a Community (ecology), community of Biological inter ...
and landscaper who designs and builds
green wall A green wall is a vertical built structure intentionally covered by vegetation. Green walls include a vertically applied growth medium such as soil, substitute substrate, or hydroculture felt; as well as an integrated hydration and fertigation ...
s. He is the author of the ''Definitive Guide of the Vertical Garden.''


Biography

Ignacio Solano is the founder of the company Paisajismo Urbano, which designs and builds
green wall A green wall is a vertical built structure intentionally covered by vegetation. Green walls include a vertically applied growth medium such as soil, substitute substrate, or hydroculture felt; as well as an integrated hydration and fertigation ...
s, green facades,
green roof A green roof or living roof is a roof of a building that is partially or completely covered with vegetation and a growing medium, planted over a waterproofing membrane. It may also include additional layers such as a root barrier and drainage ...
s and other kinds of bioconstruction. He has traveled in Latin America and the western Indian Ocean to study ecosystems. In 2010 Solano studied
mycorrhiza A mycorrhiza (; , mycorrhiza, or mycorrhizas) is a symbiotic association between a fungus and a plant. The term mycorrhiza refers to the role of the fungus in the plant's rhizosphere, the plant root system and its surroundings. Mycorrhizae play ...
l fungi in Madagascar which led to a green wall technique based on fungi and
bacteria Bacteria (; : bacterium) are ubiquitous, mostly free-living organisms often consisting of one Cell (biology), biological cell. They constitute a large domain (biology), domain of Prokaryote, prokaryotic microorganisms. Typically a few micr ...
With his technology, more than a hundred projects have been developed all around the world. In 2012 he began teaching courses on vertical gardening. In 2016 he published ''Definitive Guide of the Vertical Garden''.


Patented system

Ignacio Solano is author and owner of the patented system f + p for gardening facades. In turn, he is the inventor of the concept of
Vertical Ecosystem A vertical ecosystem is an architectural gardening system developed by Ignacio Solano from the Green wall, mur vegetal created by Patrick Blanc. This new approach enhances the previous archetype of mur vegetal and considers the relationsh ...
, which includes vertical gardens and plant facades that have been developed with this system. Vertical Ecosystems are based on the conception that vertical gardens resemble the natural
ecosystems An ecosystem (or ecological system) is a system formed by Organism, organisms in interaction with their Biophysical environment, environment. The Biotic material, biotic and abiotic components are linked together through nutrient cycles and en ...
in their composition and in the way they function (especially those composed by
epiphytes An epiphyte is a plant or plant-like organism that grows on the surface of another plant and derives its moisture and nutrients from the air, rain, water (in marine environments) or from debris accumulating around it. The plants on which epiphyt ...
). They are composed of different plants that comprise the natural ecosystems, and so they resemble the relationships between the plants and the natural
microorganisms A microorganism, or microbe, is an organism of microscopic size, which may exist in its single-celled form or as a colony of cells. The possible existence of unseen microbial life was suspected from antiquity, with an early attestation in ...
. Therefore, conventional gardening concepts can not be applied for vertical gardening. In the words of Solano, "making a vertical garden is not just putting plants on a wall." Ignacio Solano's patent corrects and perfects the concept of vertical garden designed by French landscape architect
Patrick Blanc Patrick Blanc (born June 3, 1953, Paris) is a French botanist who works at the French National Centre for Scientific Research, where he specializes in plants from tropical forests. He is the modern innovator of the green wall, specifically, ...
. The result is a
hydroponic Hydroponics is a type of horticulture and a subset of hydroculture which involves growing plants, usually crops or medicinal plants, without soil, by using water-based mineral nutrient solutions in an artificial environment. Terrestrial or ...
system, in which is used a phytogenerant material, the texture,
porosity Porosity or void fraction is a measure of the void (i.e. "empty") spaces in a material, and is a fraction of the volume of voids over the total volume, between 0 and 1, or as a percentage between 0% and 100%. Strictly speaking, some tests measure ...
and absorptive capacity of which are suitable to perform the function of
substrate Substrate may refer to: Physical layers *Substrate (biology), the natural environment in which an organism lives, or the surface or medium on which an organism grows or is attached ** Substrate (aquatic environment), the earthy material that exi ...
. The system is fully automated, and
environmental factors An environmental factor, ecological factor or eco factor is any factor, abiotic or biotic, that influences living organisms. Abiotic factors include ambient temperature, amount of sunlight, air, soil, water and pH of the water soil in which an ...
, water chemistry and the status of the plants are monitored by automation control. An automated irrigation system continuously supplies the water and micronutrients the plants need. These improvements enhance the environmental benefits of vertical gardens: generate oxygen and absorb carbon dioxide, trap dust and heavy metals, serve as
thermal insulation Thermal insulation is the reduction of heat transfer (i.e., the transfer of thermal energy between objects of differing temperature) between objects in thermal contact or in range of radiative influence. Thermal insulation can be achieved with s ...
(saving on air conditioning in buildings) and reduce
noise pollution Noise pollution, or sound pollution, is the propagation of noise or sound with potential harmful effects on humans and animals. The source of outdoor noise worldwide is mainly caused by machines, transport and propagation systems.Senate Publi ...
. Ignacio Solano has shown that his system works, not only because of all the vertical garden projects he has carried out in Spain and in the world, but also because the students in his courses have made vertical gardens with his system. There are a number of benefits associated with installing our gardens in cities. These are some: • Reduction of the risk of floods, since they retain a good part of the rainwater • Enabling disused urban spaces • Low water consumption, thanks to the use of a closed circuit • In the case of these ecosystems, they do not attract or allow the proliferation of insects and bacteria, since this system provides a biological repellent. • Multiple health benefits and reduce your discomfort


Projects

* 2022
The world's largest indoor vertical garden
(
Valencia Valencia ( , ), formally València (), is the capital of the Province of Valencia, province and Autonomous communities of Spain, autonomous community of Valencian Community, the same name in Spain. It is located on the banks of the Turia (r ...
, city of arts and sciences): 700 m2. * 2018
Europe's largest indoor vertical garden
(
Madrid Madrid ( ; ) is the capital and List of largest cities in Spain, most populous municipality of Spain. It has almost 3.5 million inhabitants and a Madrid metropolitan area, metropolitan area population of approximately 7 million. It i ...
): 335 m2. * 2016: Largest vertical garden in Greece: 120 m2. * 2015: First vertical garden in Guatemala: 86 m2. * 2015
The world's largest vertical garden in Bogotá
(
Colombia Colombia, officially the Republic of Colombia, is a country primarily located in South America with Insular region of Colombia, insular regions in North America. The Colombian mainland is bordered by the Caribbean Sea to the north, Venezuel ...
): 3,100 m2. * 2014: Celebra building in
Montevideo Montevideo (, ; ) is the capital city, capital and List of cities in Uruguay, largest city of Uruguay. According to the 2023 census, the city proper has a population of 1,302,954 (about 37.2% of the country's total population) in an area of . M ...
,
Uruguay Uruguay, officially the Oriental Republic of Uruguay, is a country in South America. It shares borders with Argentina to its west and southwest and Brazil to its north and northeast, while bordering the Río de la Plata to the south and the A ...
. 300 square meters. * 2014: Green building in
Medellín Medellín ( ; or ), officially the Special District of Science, Technology and Innovation of Medellín (), is the List of cities in Colombia, second-largest city in Colombia after Bogotá, and the capital of the department of Antioquia Departme ...
, Colombia. 288 square meters y 92 meters high. Collaboration with Groncol. * 2013: FPEC, Bolivia. 73 square meters. Collaboration with Leonardo Teran. * 2012
Hotel Gaia B3
of Bogotá, Colombia. 400 square meters. Collaboration with Groncol. * 2012: Shopping center of
Quito Quito (; ), officially San Francisco de Quito, is the capital city, capital and second-largest city of Ecuador, with an estimated population of 2.8 million in its metropolitan area. It is also the capital of the province of Pichincha Province, P ...
,
Ecuador Ecuador, officially the Republic of Ecuador, is a country in northwestern South America, bordered by Colombia on the north, Peru on the east and south, and the Pacific Ocean on the west. It also includes the Galápagos Province which contain ...
. 1,000 square meters. Collaboration with Greenstar. * 2012: Armenia shopping center, Colombia. 200 square meters. Collaboration with Groncol.


Research

Much of the knowledge of Ignacio Solano on plant behavior and relationships between species comes from his experience as a researcher in jungles around the world. In 1998 he made his first trip to Mexico, and since then has gone through different ecosystems. In his travels he is dedicated to find out how plants behave under different conditions and to collect small samples of species. Highlights his studies of epiphytes plants of tropical understory, as well as the discoveries made in the jungles of Madagascar (2017), ''Chocó jungles'' (2015), ''Forests of the Bolivian Chapare'' (2014), ''Selva Lacandona'' (2014), among other, which allowed him to develop a formula based on microorganisms that ensures the survival of the vertical gardens. The last expedition that Ignacio Solano carried out was in
the jungle of Panama
' in 2019, where he went in search of a mysterious frog. It is one of the most difficult frogs to find. Ignacio Solano traveled the whole country in search of this peculiar little frog.


Publications

* ''Definitive Guide of the Vertical Garden'' (2016): Theoretical and practical manual that describes and analyzes all technical aspects to be considered for the realization of vertical gardens. It includes a guide
species A species () is often defined as the largest group of organisms in which any two individuals of the appropriate sexes or mating types can produce fertile offspring, typically by sexual reproduction. It is the basic unit of Taxonomy (biology), ...
of proven success in vertical gardening. * In 2019 he released the second edition of his book, where we can appreciate an Ignacio Solano with more knowledge than ever about plants and their functioning in Vertical Ecosystems. The career that he has had has led him to carry out multiple projects, many of them awarded and which are still in operation today. In addition to his two published books, Ignacio Solano has collaborated on the book Multifunctional Urban Green Infrastructure''' edited by Editorial Agrícola Española with the creation of a chapter. He was responsible for writing chapter 8, entitled 'Vertical Ecosystems: The Value of Fieldwork', which is included in the first part of the work, called ''Functional Activities''. Ignacio Solano, has had various appearances in different very relevant and important media outlets, but also in magazines such as <
National Geographic
/u> in 2018. This appearance in such a relevant magazine was for th
construction of the largest vertical garden in the world
located in Colombia.


Awards and honours

* In the year 2023, Ignacio Solano, was awarded for the work carried out in th
Caixaforum vertical garden
in Valencia, by the Agrarian Forum Foundation: Awards for Urban Nature and Agriculture. * Second prize: The Garden Suits. Urban Landscaping and Estudio Martín Maján. Urban Nature Awards 2019 of the Agrarian Forum: Professional Area * First prize Urban Agriculture Professional Modality, Agrarian Forum 2017 * Award Cámara de Comercio a la Investigación (2009). * Award Iberflora al Mejor Proyecto Sostenible (2011)


Interviews and press

Ignacio Solano has been working with Vertical Ecosystems since he began, appearing in the press and in numerous television interviews. Here we can see some of them:


Specialized Conferences

* Interview with Ignacio Solano o
RTVE
(2022) * Interview with Ignacio Solano i
Àpunt
(2022) * Entrepreneurs Elche – Alicante Chamber of Commerce (2020) * Interview fo
Reduce Your Footprint
(2020) * Interview for TVE for the first progra
Escala Humana: “Verde que te quiero verde”
(2019) * World Green Infrastructure Congress in Bogotá – WGIC (2016) * Interview with Ignacio Solano in the ne
TVE 2 Catalunya program, Inspira
(2016)
TEDxBarcelona talk
Cities with a green heart (2016) * Talk at the Alicante Territorial College of Architects: The vegetal façade as a safe element in architecture (2015) * Chair talk at the University of Alicante (2015) * Talk at the Alicante Territorial College of Architects (2014) * Talk at Glocalicante 2014: “New technologies and innovation” * "Vertical ecosystems, living nature in architecture" (Veracruz, Mexico, 2012) * "The regeneration of disturbed spaces with native plant species" (Veracruz, Mexico, 2012)


Television appearances

* Interview Ignacio Solano in Cadena SER of Radio Ceuta (2022) * ÀpuntMedia Program The largest indoor vertical garden in Europe is located in Valencia * La Sexta Noticias The largest vertical garden in Spain * Channel 9 News The vertical garden * Channel 9 News The largest indoor vertical garden in Spain * ATB Bolivia live The first vertical garden in Bolivia * La Sexta Noticias The "guru" of vertical gardens * TeleSUR Colombia How the largest vertical garden in the world was made * TV Guatemala Interview with Ignacio Solano * Documentary Green Heart Madagascar * Documentary Green Heart Colombia * Documentary Green Heart Panama


Press Appearances

* The '''mysterious frog of panama is filmed for the first time by Ignacio Solano from Ceuta - article i
elfarodeceuta.es
* The technique of the Spanish botanist Ignacio Solano travels to Reunion Island – article i
ecoconstruccion.net
* '''El ceutí Solano crea el más grande jardín vertical interior de Europa - article i
elpueblodeceuta.eselfarodeceuta.es
* Available the video of how the Vertical Garden was built for the Benidorm AYTO – article i
noticiascv.comelperiodic.com
(2022) * ''Culture-A documentary shows how the interior vertical garden of CaixaForum Valencia was made, 'the largest in Europe - article i
Diario Siglo XXI20 Minutos
(2022) * '''Málaga launches a 100 m2 vertical hydroponic garden with more than 3,000 plants - article i
Agroinformación
(2022) * '''The largest indoor vertical garden in Europe is Troba in Valencia - article i

// Complete interview on YouTube Ignacio Solano (2022) * '''The vertical garden of the CEU produces oxygen for 120 students a year - article i

(2022) * ''Solano: 'The city is lost in the world of vertical gardens - article i

(2022) * '''The new vertical garden in Benidorm filters more than 65 tons of harmful gases per year - article i
Noticias CV
(2022) * '''The largest indoor vertical garden in Europe has about 700 m2 and is in Valencia - article i
El PeriodicPressdigitalInforma ValenciaValencia PlazaValencia Bonita
(2022) * Article about the intervention in La Calahorra in Diseño de La Ciudad (2017) * '''Walls with ecological awareness - Management Magazine (2017) * '''Ignacio Solano, responsible for designing the largest vertical garden in the world - article in Las Provincias

Estrella Digital

ABC
Alicante Plaza
Finanzas.com, EFE
CiCAmbientum
Diseño de la Ciudad, Cadena SER, Segundo Enfoque, EXTRA, Arquitectura y Empresa, HSB News, Better Buildings, Clean Energy XXI, Plataforma Arquitectura, El Tiempo, Archidaily, RT, The Epoch Times, Civic
Experimenta
La Prensa, El Salvadorgram, El Nacional, Environment Intelligent, The Greenest Post and Ecosiglos (2017) * ''The lord of the green skies'

(2017) * ''The man who paints vegetable murals'
El Universal
(2017) *'The vertical garden of more than 100 square meters in La Calahorra takes shape'

(2014). *'A man from Alicante develops a 'cocktail' of bacteria that prolongs the life of vertical gardens'

(2013). *'A gigantic green wall'

(2013). *'Urban Landscaping stands out as a world leader in vertical gardens'
Acceso.com
(2013). *'Vertical gardens'
La Razón
(2012).


References

{{DEFAULTSORT:Solano, Ignacio 1977 births Spanish biologists Living people