The House of Balliol (de Bailleul) was a

noble A noble is a member of the nobility. Noble may also refer to: Places Antarctica * Noble Glacier, King George Island * Noble Nunatak, Marie Byrd Land * Noble Peak, Wiencke Island * Noble Rocks, Graham Land Australia * Noble Island, Gr ...

family originating from the village of Bailleul in

Picardy Picardy (; Picard and french: Picardie, , ) is a historical territory and a former administrative region of France. Since 1 January 2016, it has been part of the new region of Hauts-de-France. It is located in the northern part of France. Hi ...

. They held estates in England, granted during the reign of King

William Rufus William II ( xno, Williame; – 2 August 1100) was King of England from 26 September 1087 until his death in 1100, with powers over Normandy and influence in Scotland. He was less successful in extending control into Wales. The third so ...

. Through marriage, they had claims to the Throne of Scotland. One member of the family,

John Balliol John Balliol ( – late 1314), known derisively as ''Toom Tabard'' (meaning "empty coat" – coat of arms), was King of Scots from 1292 to 1296. Little is known of his early life. After the death of Margaret, Maid of Norway, Scotland entered an ...

, was named King of Scotland after the disputed succession following extinction of the Dunkeld line. John was deposed, leading to the

First War of Scottish Independence The First War of Scottish Independence was the first of a series of wars between English and Scottish forces. It lasted from the English invasion of Scotland in 1296 until the ''de jure'' restoration of Scottish independence with the Treaty o ...

. His son, Edward Balliol, also briefly controlled the Scottish throne during the

Second War of Scottish Independence The Second War of Scottish Independence broke out in 1332 when Edward Balliol led an English-backed invasion of Scotland. Balliol, the son of a former Scottish king, was attempting to make good his claim to the Scottish throne. He was opposed b ...

. Edward had no issue, and the direct line went extinct with him.

List of heads of the Balliol estates

* Guy I de Balliol (died before 1130 × 1133), established lordship in northern England in 1090s *

Bernard I de Balliol Bernard I de Balliol (died 1154 x 1162), the second-known-ruling Balliol of his line, was a twelfth-century Anglo- Picard baron based for much of his time in the north of England, as well as at Bailleul-en-Vimeu close to Abbeville in northern Fr ...

(died 1154 x 1162), nephew of Guy *

Guy II de Balliol Guy II de Balliol (died early 1160s x 1167) was probably the second-eldest son of Bernard I de Balliol, Lord of Balliol and Barnard Castle Barnard Castle (, ) is a market town on the north bank of the River Tees, in County Durham, Northern En ...

(died early 1160s x 1167), son of Bernard * Bernard II de Balliol (died c. 1190), brother of above * Eustace de Balliol (died c. 1209), cousin of above * Hugh de Balliol (died 1229), son of above *

John I de Balliol John de Balliol (before 1208 – 25 October 1268) was an English nobleman, belonging to the House of Balliol. Balliol College, in Oxford, is named after him. Life John de Balliol was born before 1208 to Cecily de Fontaines, daughter of Aléau ...

(died 1268), son of above, the founder of

Balliol College Balliol College () is one of the constituent colleges of the University of Oxford in England. One of Oxford's oldest colleges, it was founded around 1263 by John I de Balliol, a landowner from Barnard Castle in County Durham, who provided the ...

* John II de Balliol (died 1314), son of above, reigned as King of Scotland from 1292 to 1296, as a descendent

David I of Scotland David I or Dauíd mac Maíl Choluim ( Modern: ''Daibhidh I mac haoilChaluim''; – 24 May 1153) was a 12th-century ruler who was Prince of the Cumbrians from 1113 to 1124 and later King of Scotland from 1124 to 1153. The youngest son of Malc ...

of the

House of Dunkeld The House of Dunkeld (in or "of the Caledonians") is a historiographical and genealogical construct to illustrate the clear succession of Scottish kings from 1034 to 1040 and from 1058 to 1286. The line is also variously referred to by historian ...

. * Edward de Balliol (died 1364), eldest son of John; from 1332 to 1356 he was a pretender to the Scottish throne with the support of the England, in opposition to David II of Scotland. The last two on the list both had English support for their claims but both were deposed. Edward died without issue, but the Balliol descent continued through his cousin Christine de Lindsay (granddaughter of John I), who married

Enguerrand V, Lord of Coucy Enguerrand V, Lord of Coucy (-after 1321) inherited the title of Lord of Coucy and castle from his maternal uncle, Enguerrand IV in 1311. He was also lord of Oisy and Montmirail. Biography Enguerrand was the second son of Arnould III, Count ...

, to the lords of Coucy and ultimately the

Bourbon Bourbon may refer to: Food and drink * Bourbon whiskey, an American whiskey made using a corn-based mash * Bourbon barrel aged beer, a type of beer aged in bourbon barrels * Bourbon biscuit, a chocolate sandwich biscuit * A beer produced by B ...

kings of France and Spain.

References

* Stell, G. P., "Balliol, Bernard de (d. 1154x62)", ''Oxford Dictionary of National Biography'', Oxford University Press, 200
, accessed 24 Jan 2008
* Stell, G. P., "Balliol, Bernard de (d. c.1190)", ''Oxford Dictionary of National Biography'', Oxford University Press, 200
, accessed 24 Jan 2008
* Stell, G. P., "Balliol , John de (b. before 1208, d. 1268)", ''Oxford Dictionary of National Biography'', Oxford University Press, 200
, accessed 24 Jan 2008
People from Picardy Balliol Balliol Scoto-Normans {{Normandy-stub

List of heads of the Balliol estates

See also

References