Hooper Bay, Alaska
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Hooper Bay ( esu, Naparyaarmiut) is a city in Kusilvak Census Area, Alaska, United States. At the 2020 census the population was 1,375, up from 1,093 in 2010. On August 3, 2006, a major fire destroyed approximately fifteen acres of the city including thirty-five structures, twelve homes, the elementary school, middle school, high school, teacher housing complex, stores, offices and storage shelters, leaving 70 people homeless.


Geography

Hooper Bay is located at (61.528980, -166.096196), south of Cape Romanzof and south of Scammon Bay in the Yukon-Kuskokwim Delta. The city is separated into two sections: a heavily built-up townsite located on gently rolling hills, and a newer section in the lowlands. According to the
United States Census Bureau The United States Census Bureau (USCB), officially the Bureau of the Census, is a principal agency of the U.S. Federal Statistical System, responsible for producing data about the American people and economy. The Census Bureau is part of t ...
, the city has a total area of , of which is land and (0.91%) is water.


Climate

Hooper Bay is located within the polar climate zone (
Köppen Köppen is a German surname. Notable people with the surname include: * Bernd Köppen (born 1951), German pianist and composer * Carl Köppen (1833-1907), German military advisor in Meiji era Japan * Edlef Köppen (1893–1939), German author and ...
''ET''), because the hottest month is only . It is atypical of polar climates in having winters sufficiently moderated by the sea that permafrost is merely sporadic, and in seeing heavy late summer rainfall more typical of
subpolar oceanic climate An oceanic climate, also known as a marine climate, is the humid temperate climate sub-type in Köppen classification ''Cfb'', typical of west coasts in higher middle latitudes of continents, generally featuring cool summers and mild winters ...
s. The substantial maritime moderation, however, means snowfall is heavy, exceeding or approaching for eight months of the year


Demographics

Hooper Bay first appeared on the 1880 U.S. Census as an
Yup'ik The Yup'ik or Yupiaq (sg & pl) and Yupiit or Yupiat (pl), also Central Alaskan Yup'ik, Central Yup'ik, Alaskan Yup'ik ( own name ''Yup'ik'' sg ''Yupiik'' dual ''Yupiit'' pl; russian: Юпики центральной Аляски), are an I ...
settlement of Askinuk. On the 1890 census, it returned as Askinaghamiut. It did not appear again until 1930, when it was first returned as Hooper Bay. It formally incorporated in 1966. As of the census of 2000, there were 1,014 people, 227 households, and 187 families residing in the city. The population density was . There were 239 housing units at an average density of . The racial makeup of the city was 4.24%
White White is the lightest color and is achromatic (having no hue). It is the color of objects such as snow, chalk, and milk, and is the opposite of black. White objects fully reflect and scatter all the visible wavelengths of light. White o ...
, 93.69% Native American, and 2.07% from two or more races. 0.10% of the population were
Hispanic The term ''Hispanic'' ( es, hispano) refers to people, cultures, or countries related to Spain, the Spanish language, or Hispanidad. The term commonly applies to countries with a cultural and historical link to Spain and to viceroyalties forme ...
or Latino of any race. There were 227 households, out of which 61.7% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 34.4% were married couples living together, 30.0% had a female householder with no husband present, and 17.6% were non-families. 15.4% of all households were made up of individuals, and 0.9% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 4.47 and the average family size was 4.97. In the city, the age distribution of the population shows 49.2% under the age of 18, 9.0% from 18 to 24, 24.5% from 25 to 44, 11.5% from 45 to 64, and 5.8% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 18 years. For every 100 females, there were 98.8 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 116.4 males. The median income for a household in the city was $26,667, and the median income for a family was $27,500. Males had a median income of $31,250 versus $32,083 for females. The
per capita income Per capita income (PCI) or total income measures the average income earned per person in a given area (city, region, country, etc.) in a specified year. It is calculated by dividing the area's total income by its total population. Per capita i ...
for the city was $7,841. About 28.4% of families and 27.9% of the population were below the
poverty line The poverty threshold, poverty limit, poverty line or breadline is the minimum level of income deemed adequate in a particular country. The poverty line is usually calculated by estimating the total cost of one year's worth of necessities for t ...
, including 30.1% of those under age 18 and 31.6% of those age 65 or over.


Education

Students in pre-kindergarten through twelfth grade attend Hooper Bay School, also known as Naparyarmiut Elicarviat, administered by the Lower Yukon School District. It is a bilingual school with a Yup'ik language immersion program in kindergarten through third grade, the first program of its kind in the district. High school students have the option of the state's public boarding schools,
Nenana Student Living Center Nenana may refer to: * Nenana (steamer), ''Nenana'' (steamer), a five-deck, western river, sternwheel paddleship * Nenana Depot, an Alaska Railroad depot built in 1922 * Nenana Municipal Airport, a city-owned public-use airport located one mile sou ...
and Mt. Edgecumbe High School.


In popular culture

* Hooper Bay is the title of an electronic music album by Boards of Canada.


References


Further reading

* Gillham, Charles E., and Chanimun. ''Medicine Men of Hooper Bay: Or, The Eskimo's Arabian Nights''. London: Batchworth Press, 1955.


Photographs

{{Authority control Cities in Alaska Cities in Kusilvak Census Area, Alaska Populated coastal places in Alaska on the Pacific Ocean