Description
The text is in Old Hittite, with some scribal errors of the later copyists, and prescribes the oath to be taken by military commanders. More precisely, it describes a series of symbolic actions intended to represent the afflictions that should befall the oath-takers should they break their word. On one occasion, for example, women's clothing, a spindle and an arrow is brought before those swearing their allegiance. The arrow is broken, and they are told that should they break their oath, their weapons should likewise be broken, and they should be made women and given women's tasks. Then, a blind and deaf woman is brought before them, and they are told that if they break their word, they will be made blind and deaf women like this one. Then, a figurine of a person suffering fromParallels in other texts
The Hittite compositions known as the 'Military Oaths' are also closely related to texts such as "Loyalty Oath of Town Commanders to Arnuwanda I, Ašmunikkal, and Tudḫaliya." Also, " Tudḫaliya IV's Instructions and Oath Imposition for Courtiers" fall in the same category. Such parallels are evident in the following text, for example, in which a priest performs the rites, and articulates future punishments, while the soldiers express their consent. : "Then he places wax and sheep fat in their hands, and he casts it into the flame, and he says, “Just as this wax melts and the sheep fat separates, may he who breaks the oath and deceives the king of Ḫattusa melt like the wax, and may he be separated like the sheep fat!” And they say, “So be it!”"Younger text
There is another, younger text (CTH 428) with similar content, termed the 'second military oath'. It is more fragmentary, and its main difference is that the oath-takers are promised well-being in case they keep their word, as well as being threatened by extinction should they break it. In comparison to the older oath, the younger text shows that the Hittite pantheon was increasingly influenced by Hurrian gods.Oettinger, ''Die militärischen Eide der Hethiter'' StBoT 22 (1976).See also
Notes
Further reading
* Pritchard, J. B. (Ed.). (1969). ''Ancient near eastern texts relating to the Old Testament with supplement''. Princeton University Press. ISBN 0-691-03503-2. The oaths are translated in pages 353–354. {{DEFAULTSORT:Hittite Military Oath Military oaths Military history of the Hittite Empire Hittite texts