A hinge joint (ginglymus or ginglymoid) is a
bone
A bone is a rigid organ that constitutes part of the skeleton in most vertebrate animals. Bones protect the various other organs of the body, produce red and white blood cells, store minerals, provide structure and support for the body, ...
joint where the articular surfaces are molded to each other in such a manner as to permit motion only in one plane.
According to one classification system they are said to be uniaxial (having one
degree of freedom).
[Platzer, Werner (2008) ''Color Atlas of Human Anatomy', Volume 1]
p.28
/ref>
The direction which the distal bone takes in this motion is rarely in the same plane as that of the axis of the proximal bone; there is usually a certain amount of deviation from the straight line during flexion
Motion, the process of movement, is described using specific anatomical terminology, anatomical terms. Motion includes movement of Organ (anatomy), organs, joints, Limb (anatomy), limbs, and specific sections of the body. The terminology used de ...
.
The articular surfaces of the bones are connected by strong collateral ligaments.
Examples of ginglymoid joints are the interphalangeal joints of the hand and those of the foot and the joint between the humerus and ulna. The knee joints and ankle joints are less typical, as they allow a slight degree of rotation or side-to-side movement in certain positions of the limb. The knee is the largest hinge joint in the human body.
Hinge and pivot joint
In animal anatomy, a pivot joint (trochoid joint, rotary joint or lateral ginglymus) is a type of synovial joint whose movement axis is parallel to the long axis of the proximal bone, which typically has a convex articular surface.
According ...
s are both types of synovial joint
A synovial joint, also known as diarthrosis, joins bones or cartilage with a fibrous joint capsule that is continuous with the periosteum of the joined bones, constitutes the outer boundary of a synovial cavity, and surrounds the bones' articulati ...
. A hinge joint can be considered a modified sellar/saddle joint, with reduced movement.
References
External links
*
Diagram at ntu.edu.tw
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Joints