Heemstede () is a town and a municipality in the

Netherlands ) , anthem = ( en, "William of Nassau") , image_map = , map_caption = , subdivision_type = Sovereign state , subdivision_name = Kingdom of the Netherlands , established_title = Before independence , established_date = Spanish Netherl ...

, in the province of

North Holland North Holland ( nl, Noord-Holland, ) is a province of the Netherlands in the northwestern part of the country. It is located on the North Sea, north of South Holland and Utrecht, and west of Friesland and Flevoland. In November 2019, it had a ...

. It is the fourth richest municipality of the

History

Heemstede formed around the Castle ''Heemstede'' that was built overlooking the Spaarne River around 1286. Before 1296, Floris V, Count of Holland, granted Heemstede as a fiefdom to Reinier of Holy. During the 14th century, a village formed near the castle, which was destroyed and rebuilt several times in this period. A resident of this castle was

Adriaan Pauw Adriaan Pauw, knight, '' heer van Heemstede, Bennebroek, Nieuwerkerk etc.'' (1 November 1585 – 21 February 1653) was Grand Pensionary of Holland from 1631 to 1636 and from 1651 to 1653. Life He was born in Amsterdam in a rich merchant family ...

, who bought it in 1620. In 1653, Bennebroek split off from Heemstede, becoming a separate fiefdom. Growth was slow, and in 1787 Heemstede counted 196 families. Even at that early date Heemstede had already gained the reputation it has today, of being primarily a "

bedroom community A commuter town is a populated area that is primarily residential rather than commercial or industrial. Routine travel from home to work and back is called commuting, which is where the term comes from. A commuter town may be called by many o ...

" for the cities of

Haarlem Haarlem (; predecessor of ''Harlem'' in English) is a city and municipality in the Netherlands. It is the capital of the province of North Holland. Haarlem is situated at the northern edge of the Randstad, one of the most populated metropoli ...

and

Amsterdam Amsterdam ( , , , lit. ''The Dam on the River Amstel'') is the capital and most populous city of the Netherlands, with The Hague being the seat of government. It has a population of 907,976 within the city proper, 1,558,755 in the urban ar ...

. Wealthy city families left the cities in the summer, escaping "canal fever" which caused illness from the putrid canals. As a result, many estates were built in the 17th and 18th centuries, some of which (partially) remain until today such as Oud-Berkenroede, Berkenrode, Ipenrode, Huis te Manpad, Hartekamp, Bosbeek, Meer en Bosch, Meer en Berg, and Gliphoeve. In 1857, the municipality Berkenrode was merged with Heemstede. In 1927, the northern portion of Heemstede, including a large part of the Haarlem Forest, was in turn added to the city of Haarlem.

Monuments and parks

* Groenendaal park: Designed by John Hope, it was formed by merging several country estates into one. *''Vrijheidsbeeld'' (Freedom Statue), statue by

Mari Andriessen Mari Silverster Andriessen (4 December 1897 – 7 December 1979) was a Dutch sculptor, best known for his work memorializing victims of the Holocaust. Born and died in Haarlem, Andriessen is buried at the RK Begraafplaats Sint Adelberts in B ...

to celebrate freedom and commemorate Heemstede victims of the

Dutch Revolt The Eighty Years' War or Dutch Revolt ( nl, Nederlandse Opstand) ( c.1566/1568–1648) was an armed conflict in the Habsburg Netherlands between disparate groups of rebels and the Spanish government. The causes of the war included the Ref ...

. Located on the Vrijheidsdreef in Groenendaal park. * Slot Heemstede: The site of the Heemstede castle. * Hartekamp: Heemstede summer home of George Clifford, who hired

Linnaeus Carl Linnaeus (; 23 May 1707 – 10 January 1778), also known after his ennoblement in 1761 as Carl von Linné Blunt (2004), p. 171. (), was a Swedish botanist, zoologist, taxonomist, and physician who formalised binomial nomenclature, the ...

to write his ' Hortus Cliffortianus', a detailed catalogue of the plant specimens in the herbarium and gardens of Hartecamp. George Clifford's house is closed to the public, but the surrounding gardens are used as a campus and are open to visitors. * Linnaeusbos (Linnaeus Forest): Originally a part of Hartekamp that was planted by George Clifford and documented by

. In 2007, Heemstede celebrated Linnaeus's 300th birthday. *'' De Naald'': The 'needle' is a monument placed by D.J. van Lennep to honor Witte van Haemstede, the savior of

at a battle which on April 26, 1304 and to honor the wounded of another battle fought against the Spanish on July 8, 1573. Both battles supposedly took place right at the corner of David Jacob van Lennep's house Huis te Manpad, where the monument stands.

Transport

The town is served by Heemstede-Aerdenhout railway station, which lies on the

Oude Lijn Awadh (), known in British historical texts as Avadh or Oudh, is a region in the modern Indian state of Uttar Pradesh, which was before independence known as the United Provinces of Agra and Oudh. It is synonymous with the Kośāla region of ...

between Haarlem and Leiden.

Local government

The municipal council of Heemstede consists of 21 seats, which are divided as follows: * Heemsteeds Burger Belang HBB - 5 seats * VVD - 5 seats * D66 - 4 seat * GroenLinks - 3 seats * CDA - 2 seats * PvdA - 2 seats

Notable residents

(1585–1653) bought the town in 1621, Grand Pensionary of Holland 1631 to 1636 * Jan Hope (1737–1784) a Dutch banker, summered in his Groenendaal Park 1767 to 1784 * Christiaan van Pol (1752–1813) a flower painter and teacher * Thomas Hope (1769–1830/1831) a Dutch and British merchant banker, author, philosopher and art collector * Ivan Smirnov (1895–1956) a Russian WWI flying ace and naturalized Dutch aviator, lived in Heemstede 1936-1947 * Johan Limpers (1915–1944) Dutch sculptor and WWII resistance fighter *

Jan Knappert Dr. Jan Knappert (January 14, 1927, Heemstede – May 30, 2005, Hilversum, Netherlands) was a well-known expert on the Swahili language. He was also an Esperantist, and he wrote an Esperanto-Swahili dictionary. Knappert translated many literar ...

(1927-2005) an Esperantist and expert on the

Swahili language Swahili, also known by its local name , is the native language of the Swahili people, who are found primarily in Tanzania, Kenya and Mozambique (along the East African coast and adjacent litoral islands). It is a Bantu language, though Sw ...

* Pieter Kooijmans (1933-2013) Dutch politician, jurist and diplomat * Jan Gmelich Meijling (1936–2012) a Dutch politician and naval officer *

Els Moor Els Moor (17 May 1937 – 9 March 2016) was a Dutch-born Surinamese educator, editor and book publisher. She is best known for ''Fa yu e tron leisibakru'', a literary education method for secondary education. Moor was the chief editor of ''De Ware ...

(1937 – 9 March 2016) was a Dutch-born Surinamese educator, editor and book publisher * Astrid Schulz (born 1939) a Dutch model and actress,

Playboy Playmate A Playmate is a female model featured in the centerfold/gatefold of ''Playboy'' magazine as Playmate of the Month (PMOTM). The PMOTM's pictorial includes nude photographs and a centerfold poster, along with a pictorial biography and the "Play ...

of the Month in September 1964 * Gijs Kuenen (born 1940) a Dutch microbiologist and academic *

Mieke Bal Maria Gertrudis "Mieke" Bal (born 14 March 1946 in Heemstede) is a Dutch cultural theorist, video artist, and Professor Emerita in Literary Theory at the University of Amsterdam. Previously she also was Academy Professor of the Royal Netherlands ...

(born 1946) a Dutch cultural theorist, video artist and academic * Joost Swarte (born 1947) a Dutch cartoonist and graphic designer * Dick Maas (born 1951) a Dutch film director, screenwriter and film producer * Floortje Dessing (born 1970) a Dutch radio and TV presenter, producer and travel writer * Thierry Baudet (born 1983) Dutch politician and leader of the Forum for Democracy * Julian Ras - Dutch Wiki (born 2001) a Dutch actor IMDb Database
retrieved 03 February 2020 Roepie Kruize 1969b

Sport

Joop van Dort Jan ("Joop") Leendert van Dort (25 May 1889 in Heemstede – 1 April 1967 in Leiden) was a football player from the Netherlands, who represented his home country at the 1920 Summer Olympics. There he won the bronze medal with the Netherland ...

(1889–1967) a footballer, team bronze medallist at the

1920 Summer Olympics The 1920 Summer Olympics (french: Jeux olympiques d'été de 1920; nl, Olympische Zomerspelen van 1920; german: Olympische Sommerspiele 1920), officially known as the Games of the VII Olympiad (french: Jeux de la VIIe olympiade; nl, Spelen van ...

* Roepie Kruize (1925-1992) field hockey player and coach, team bronze medallist at the

1948 Summer Olympics The 1948 Summer Olympics (officially the Games of the XIV Olympiad and also known as London 1948) were an international multi-sport event held from 29 July to 14 August 1948 in London, England, United Kingdom. Following a twelve-year hiatus ...

and team silver medallist at the

1952 Summer Olympics The 1952 Summer Olympics ( fi, Kesäolympialaiset 1952; sv, Olympiska sommarspelen 1952), officially known as the Games of the XV Olympiad ( fi, XV olympiadin kisat; sv, Den XV olympiadens spel) and commonly known as Helsinki 1952 ( sv, Helsin ...

Johan Neeskens RCH may stand for: * Radio Club de Honduras, an amateur radio organization * Railway Clearing House, the British financial clearing house and technical standards bureau for railways * The Royal Canadian Hussars (Montreal), a unit of the Canadian F ...

(born 1951) a Dutch former footballer with 480 club caps and manager * Annemieke Fokke (born 1967) a Dutch field hockey player, team bronze medallist at the

1988 Summer Olympics The 1988 Summer Olympics (), officially known as the Games of the XXIV Olympiad () and commonly known as Seoul 1988 ( ko, 서울 1988, Seoul Cheon gubaek palsip-pal), was an international multi-sport event held from 17 September to 2 October ...

* Jeroen Bleekemolen (born 1981) a Dutch professional racing driver * Frank Korpershoek (born 1984) a Dutch professional footballer, 351 caps with SC Telstar

Image gallery

File:Heemstede, Onze Lieve Vrouw Hemelvaartskerk foto3 2014-04-13 16.02.jpg, Church: Onze Lieve Vrouw Hemelvaartskerk Image:Molentje.jpg, Windmill, Groenendaal landmark Image:Vrijheidsbeeld-heemstede.jpg, Vrijheidsbeeld by Andriessen Image:Oudeslot.jpg, Oude Slot, site of the former Castle of Heemstede Image:Hartecamp.JPG, Hartekamp or Hartecamp, Heemstede/Bennebroek File:Heemstede, Netherlands - panoramio (1).jpg, Heemstede, panoramio File:Huis-te-manpad.JPG, Countryhouse: Huys te Manpad Image:Heemstede, watertoren foto5 2011-06-12 10.41.JPG, Watertower File:Heemstede, gedenksteen bij de Herenweg-Manpadslaan foto2 2014-04-13 15.45.jpg, Memorial near Herenweg-Manpadslaan

References

External links

*
Official website
{{Authority control Municipalities of North Holland Populated places in North Holland